{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389158703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3616251","title":"EtherDiffer: Differential Testing on RPC Services of Ethereum Nodes","display_name":"EtherDiffer: Differential Testing on RPC Services of Ethereum Nodes","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389158703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3616251"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3611643.3616251","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3616251","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035144499","display_name":"Shinhae Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7318-3993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shinhae Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affiliated Institute of ETRI, Daejeon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affiliated Institute of ETRI, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101530748","display_name":"Sungjae Hwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5386-2411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sungjae Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035144499"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.983,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95669484,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1333","last_page":"1344"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.96670001745224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9614999890327454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8213510513305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.6896082162857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5550315380096436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.45372840762138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exception-handling","display_name":"Exception handling","score":0.4402274191379547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.42404651641845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4219197630882263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.338815301656723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.33537572622299194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2717441916465759}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8213510513305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.6896082162857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5550315380096436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.45372840762138367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145428669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471748","display_name":"Exception handling","level":2,"score":0.4402274191379547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42404651641845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4219197630882263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.338815301656723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.33537572622299194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2717441916465759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3611643.3616251","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3616251","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G193629969","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022-0-01199","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3034753964","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G342704958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"funded","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3510917025","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022R1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4700831490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6072120315","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"funded","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6252393565","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022-0-01199","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321378","funder_display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8267509939","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022-0-01199","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321378","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329018","display_name":"Ethereum Foundation","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001602611","https://openalex.org/W2414287720","https://openalex.org/W2539190473","https://openalex.org/W2604844934","https://openalex.org/W2805052744","https://openalex.org/W2888824816","https://openalex.org/W2954151438","https://openalex.org/W2954978134","https://openalex.org/W2963594166","https://openalex.org/W2964257386","https://openalex.org/W2967854622","https://openalex.org/W2979467439","https://openalex.org/W2982275082","https://openalex.org/W3089630855","https://openalex.org/W3093941959","https://openalex.org/W3098149161","https://openalex.org/W3138939503","https://openalex.org/W3161072127","https://openalex.org/W3167461506","https://openalex.org/W3215134427","https://openalex.org/W4210462638","https://openalex.org/W4313547573","https://openalex.org/W4324007167","https://openalex.org/W6920955058","https://openalex.org/W6921092031"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350278424","https://openalex.org/W2071432835","https://openalex.org/W4239401009","https://openalex.org/W4234371507","https://openalex.org/W1628824497","https://openalex.org/W4299534542","https://openalex.org/W2053441600","https://openalex.org/W1990401748","https://openalex.org/W2047586841","https://openalex.org/W2373539721"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blockchain":[0],"is":[1,19,93],"a":[2,13,33,81,147],"distributed":[3],"ledger":[4],"that":[5,128,268],"records":[6],"transactions":[7,152],"among":[8,283],"users":[9],"on":[10,133,181],"top":[11],"of":[12,28,36,84,101,110,140,199,209,220,235],"peer-to-peer":[14],"network.":[15],"Among":[16],"all,":[17],"Ethereum":[18,72],"the":[20,54,60,75,88,91,122,178,197,206,236,240,257,281],"most":[21],"popular":[22],"general-purpose":[23],"platform":[24],"and":[25,49,53,79,107,153,165,172,184,211,229,242,245],"its":[26],"support":[27],"smart":[29],"contracts":[30],"led":[31],"to":[32,64,87,168,239,274],"new":[34],"form":[35],"applications":[37,40],"called":[38,162],"decentralized":[39],"(DApps).":[41],"A":[42],"typical":[43],"DApp":[44,277],"has":[45],"an":[46],"off-chain":[47],"frontend":[48,55],"on-chain":[50],"backend":[51,61],"architecture,":[52],"often":[56],"needs":[57],"interactions":[58],"with":[59,205],"network,":[62],"e.g.,":[63],"acquire":[65],"chain":[66,149],"data":[67],"or":[68,191],"make":[69],"transactions.":[70],"Therefore,":[71],"nodes":[73,183],"implement":[74],"official":[76,258],"RPC":[77,85,142],"specification":[78,92,111,241],"expose":[80],"uniform":[82],"set":[83],"methods":[86],"frontend.":[89],"However,":[90],"not":[94],"sufficient":[95],"in":[96,138,188,262],"two":[97],"points:":[98],"(1)":[99],"lack":[100,109],"clarification":[102],"for":[103,112],"non-deterministic":[104,148],"event":[105],"handling,":[106],"(2)":[108],"invalid":[113],"arguments.":[114],"To":[115],"effectively":[116],"disclose":[117],"any":[118,186],"deviations":[119,187,221],"caused":[120],"by":[121,150,279],"insufficiency,":[123],"this":[124],"paper":[125],"introduces":[126],"EtherDiffer":[127,144,176,215],"automatically":[129],"performs":[130],"differential":[131],"testing":[132,260],"four":[134],"major":[135],"node":[136,243,259],"implementations":[137],"terms":[139],"their":[141],"services.":[143],"first":[145],"generates":[146],"multi-concurrent":[151],"propagation":[154],"delay.":[155],"Then,":[156],"it":[157,254],"applies":[158],"our":[159,200,269],"key":[160],"techniques":[161,204],"property-based":[163],"generation":[164,203],"type-preserving":[166],"mutation":[167],"generate":[169],"both":[170],"semantically-valid":[171],"semantically-invalid-yet-executable":[173],"test":[174,179,201],"cases.":[175],"executes":[177],"cases":[180],"target":[182],"reports":[185],"error":[189],"handling":[190],"return":[192],"values.":[193],"The":[194],"evaluation":[195],"showed":[196],"effectiveness":[198],"case":[202],"success":[207],"ratios":[208],"98.8%":[210],"95.4%,":[212],"respectively.":[213],"Also,":[214],"detected":[216,237],"48":[217],"different":[218],"classes":[219,238],"including":[222],"11":[223],"implementation":[224],"bugs":[225],"such":[226],"as":[227,248,250],"crash":[228],"denial-of-service":[230],"bugs.":[231],"We":[232,266],"reported":[233],"44":[234],"developers":[244],"received":[246],"acknowledgements":[247],"well":[249],"bug":[251],"patches.":[252],"Lastly,":[253],"significantly":[255],"outperformed":[256],"tool":[261],"every":[263],"technical":[264],"aspect.":[265],"believe":[267],"research":[270],"findings":[271],"can":[272],"contribute":[273],"more":[275],"stable":[276],"ecosystem":[278],"reducing":[280],"inconsistencies":[282],"nodes.":[284]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
