{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389165180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3613877","title":"BFSig: Leveraging File Significance in Bus Factor Estimation","display_name":"BFSig: Leveraging File Significance in Bus Factor Estimation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389165180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3613877"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3611643.3613877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3613877","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093383937","display_name":"Vahid Haratian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3048-9586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168864056","display_name":"Bilkent University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vh8a032","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vahid Haratian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3048-9586","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056386254","display_name":"Mikhail Evtikhiev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1004-8943"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikhail Evtikhiev","raw_affiliation_strings":["JetBrains Research, Paphos, Cyprus"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1004-8943","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JetBrains Research, Paphos, Cyprus","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034023299","display_name":"Pouria Derakhshanfar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3549-9019"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pouria Derakhshanfar","raw_affiliation_strings":["JetBrains Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3549-9019","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JetBrains Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027949836","display_name":"Eray T\u00fcz\u00fcn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5550-7816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168864056","display_name":"Bilkent University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vh8a032","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eray T\u00fcz\u00fcn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5550-7816","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005183323","display_name":"Vladimir Kovalenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5880-7323"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir Kovalenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["JetBrains Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5880-7323","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JetBrains Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5093383937"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168864056"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2421,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9072723,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1926","last_page":"1936"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7262675166130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pagerank","display_name":"PageRank","score":0.6579877138137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency-graph","display_name":"Dependency graph","score":0.6174936890602112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5821099281311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.48044297099113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.46125850081443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.459696888923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4535582363605499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","score":0.44189009070396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/betweenness-centrality","display_name":"Betweenness centrality","score":0.43732404708862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.4338102340698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.36299699544906616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.2887837290763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.2612847685813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2066662609577179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1301180124282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1133301854133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10275015234947205}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7262675166130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779172887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184316","display_name":"PageRank","level":2,"score":0.6579877138137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16311509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4148050","display_name":"Dependency graph","level":3,"score":0.6174936890602112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5821099281311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.48044297099113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.46125850081443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.459696888923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4535582363605499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.44189009070396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117045392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4899215","display_name":"Betweenness centrality","level":3,"score":0.43732404708862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4338102340698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.36299699544906616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.2887837290763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2612847685813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2066662609577179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1301180124282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1133301854133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10275015234947205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53811970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062194","display_name":"Centrality","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3611643.3613877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3611643.3613877","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 31st ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5459894247","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"121E584","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","funder_display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9kkr77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331675","display_name":"JetBrains Research","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10868980","https://openalex.org/W950821216","https://openalex.org/W1488077794","https://openalex.org/W1576040511","https://openalex.org/W1585707634","https://openalex.org/W1975318342","https://openalex.org/W1994391783","https://openalex.org/W2068965694","https://openalex.org/W2070698594","https://openalex.org/W2090036533","https://openalex.org/W2102148524","https://openalex.org/W2127190390","https://openalex.org/W2257660421","https://openalex.org/W2344103814","https://openalex.org/W2360973814","https://openalex.org/W2508859125","https://openalex.org/W2593156329","https://openalex.org/W2746010149","https://openalex.org/W2757082491","https://openalex.org/W2767190431","https://openalex.org/W2767247175","https://openalex.org/W2902324490","https://openalex.org/W2969638572","https://openalex.org/W2981180236","https://openalex.org/W3101741091","https://openalex.org/W4229023790","https://openalex.org/W4233773669","https://openalex.org/W4296422557","https://openalex.org/W4299490599","https://openalex.org/W4312749465"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018003970","https://openalex.org/W2327631927","https://openalex.org/W2093568763","https://openalex.org/W1985166372","https://openalex.org/W2003096546","https://openalex.org/W2430210575","https://openalex.org/W4289354592","https://openalex.org/W2099112646","https://openalex.org/W2165069859","https://openalex.org/W2112258778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"projects":[1,98],"experience":[2],"the":[3,16,50,58,66,78,115,133,178,221,224,250,269],"departure":[4],"of":[5,15,19,33,61,80,117,149,188,223,238,253,271],"developers":[6,12],"due":[7],"to":[8,42,111,182,219,231],"various":[9],"reasons.":[10],"As":[11],"are":[13],"one":[14],"main":[17],"sources":[18],"knowledge":[20,34,46,68,76],"in":[21,29,96,186,201],"software":[22,97,165,236],"projects,":[23],"their":[24,112],"absence":[25],"will":[26],"inevitably":[27],"result":[28],"a":[30,40,147,155],"certain":[31],"degree":[32],"depletion.":[35],"Bus":[36],"Factor":[37],"(BF)":[38],"is":[39,55],"metric":[41],"evaluate":[43],"how":[44,107],"this":[45,103],"loss":[47],"can":[48],"affect":[49],"project\u2019s":[51,134,225],"continuity.":[52],"Conventionally,":[53],"BF":[54,120,160,222,233],"calculated":[56],"as":[57,260],"smallest":[59],"set":[60],"developers,":[62],"removing":[63],"over":[64],"half":[65],"project":[67],"upon":[69],"departure.":[70],"Current":[71],"state-of-the-art":[72],"approaches":[73],"measure":[74],"developers\u2019":[75],"by":[77,126,163,180,215],"number":[79],"authored":[81],"files,":[82],"utilizing":[83],"version":[84],"control":[85],"system":[86],"(VCS)":[87],"information.":[88],"However,":[89],"numerous":[90],"studies":[91],"have":[92,99],"shown":[93],"that":[94,175],"files":[95,109],"different":[100],"significance.":[101],"In":[102,227],"study,":[104],"we":[105,143,153,229],"explore":[106],"weighting":[108],"according":[110],"significance":[113,124],"affects":[114],"performance":[116,270],"two":[118],"prevailing":[119],"estimators.":[121],"We":[122],"derive":[123],"scores":[125,161],"computing":[127],"five":[128,168],"well-known":[129],"graph":[130],"metrics":[131],"from":[132,167,234],"dependency":[135],"graph:":[136],"PageRank,":[137],"In-/Out-/All-Degree,":[138],"and":[139,263],"Betweenness":[140],"Centralities.":[141],"Furthermore,":[142],"introduce":[144],"BFSig":[145,176,195,213,247],",":[146],"prototype":[148],"our":[150,210],"approach.":[151],"Finally,":[152],"present":[154],"new":[156],"dataset":[157],"comprising":[158],"reported":[159],"collected":[162],"surveying":[164],"practitioners":[166],"prominent":[169],"Github":[170],"repositories.":[171],"Our":[172],"results":[173],"indicate":[174],"outperforms":[177],"baselines":[179],"up":[181],"an":[183],"18%":[184,197],"reduction":[185],"terms":[187],"Normalized":[189],"Mean":[190],"Absolute":[191],"Error":[192],"(NMAE).":[193],"Moreover,":[194],"yields":[196],"fewer":[198],"False":[199],"Negatives":[200],"identifying":[202],"potential":[203],"risks":[204],"associated":[205],"with":[206],"low":[207],"BF.":[208],"Besides,":[209],"respondent":[211],"confirmed":[212],"versatility":[214],"showing":[216],"its":[217],"ability":[218],"assess":[220],"subfolders.":[226],"conclusion,":[228],"believe":[230],"estimate":[232],"authorship,":[235],"components":[237],"higher":[239],"importance":[240],"should":[241],"be":[242],"assigned":[243],"heavier":[244],"weight.":[245],"Currently,":[246],"exclusively":[248],"explores":[249],"topological":[251],"characteristics":[252],"these":[254],"components.":[255],"Nevertheless,":[256],"considering":[257],"attributes":[258],"such":[259],"code":[261],"complexity":[262],"bug":[264],"proneness":[265],"could":[266],"potentially":[267],"enhance":[268],"BFSig.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
