{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384200151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3608485","title":"A Formal Treatment of Expressiveness and Relevanceof Digital Evidence","display_name":"A Formal Treatment of Expressiveness and Relevanceof Digital Evidence","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384200151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3608485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3608485","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3608485","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3608485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235901","display_name":"Digital Threats Research and Practice","issn_l":"2576-5337","issn":["2576-5337","2692-1626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Threats: Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3608485","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025460867","display_name":"Jan Gruber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-2900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Gruber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-2900","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025243084","display_name":"Merlin Humml","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2251-8519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Merlin Humml","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2251-8519","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3086,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85244512,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9696000218391418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.7636836767196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7620422840118408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.7063947916030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","score":0.6585315465927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/completeness","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","score":0.521619439125061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5052202343940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.45442724227905273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-evidence","display_name":"Digital evidence","score":0.43162256479263306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.3638305068016052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.27263951301574707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-forensics","display_name":"Digital forensics","score":0.14386585354804993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.10495966672897339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.10298001766204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09604313969612122}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.7636836767196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7620422840118408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.7063947916030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.6585315465927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17231256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156540","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.521619439125061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5052202343940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45442724227905273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781357168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276084","display_name":"Digital evidence","level":3,"score":0.43162256479263306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3638305068016052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.27263951301574707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84418412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246940","display_name":"Digital forensics","level":2,"score":0.14386585354804993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10495966672897339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.10298001766204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09604313969612122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3608485","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3608485","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3608485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235901","display_name":"Digital Threats Research and Practice","issn_l":"2576-5337","issn":["2576-5337","2692-1626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Threats: Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3608485","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3608485","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3608485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235901","display_name":"Digital Threats Research and Practice","issn_l":"2576-5337","issn":["2576-5337","2692-1626"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Threats: Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1677139459","display_name":"Argumentrekonstruktion aus Politischen Debatten","funder_award_id":"377333057","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2857958101","display_name":"GRK 2475: Cyberkriminalit\u00e4t und Forensische Informatik","funder_award_id":"393541319","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4056390246","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"393\u2009541\u2009319/GRK2475/1-2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4384200151.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4384200151.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W135750979","https://openalex.org/W815819307","https://openalex.org/W1489391022","https://openalex.org/W1495157215","https://openalex.org/W1604327977","https://openalex.org/W1975031965","https://openalex.org/W1978495386","https://openalex.org/W1979101026","https://openalex.org/W1980532429","https://openalex.org/W1986678460","https://openalex.org/W2023808162","https://openalex.org/W2099926639","https://openalex.org/W2102744686","https://openalex.org/W2103295044","https://openalex.org/W2125348419","https://openalex.org/W2142486663","https://openalex.org/W2408235858","https://openalex.org/W2571390881","https://openalex.org/W2777506083","https://openalex.org/W2889519818","https://openalex.org/W2942374856","https://openalex.org/W2942502174","https://openalex.org/W2969162245","https://openalex.org/W3123678609","https://openalex.org/W3126160358","https://openalex.org/W3193957188","https://openalex.org/W3194550237","https://openalex.org/W3214175519","https://openalex.org/W4229966575","https://openalex.org/W4246941695","https://openalex.org/W4293024095","https://openalex.org/W4297324204"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378994405","https://openalex.org/W2385974820","https://openalex.org/W2373478030","https://openalex.org/W2378679551","https://openalex.org/W3149739944","https://openalex.org/W2392363776","https://openalex.org/W2063051341","https://openalex.org/W1494563618","https://openalex.org/W2357022711","https://openalex.org/W2358910766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"investigations":[1,111],"are":[2,56,66],"largely":[3],"concerned":[4,29,68],"with":[5,30,69],"reconstructing":[6],"past":[7],"events":[8],"based":[9],"on":[10],"traces":[11],"in":[12,49],"digital":[13,61,82,148],"systems.":[14],"Given":[15],"their":[16,25],"importance,":[17],"many":[18],"concepts":[19,44,80,132],"have":[20,46],"been":[21,47],"established":[22],"to":[23,109,176],"describe":[24],"quality\u2014most":[26],"of":[27,53,60,81,102,139,146,163,167,180,184],"them":[28],"procedural":[31],"aspects,":[32],"i.e.,":[33],"authenticity":[34],"and":[35,58,104,153,170],"integrity,":[36],"for":[37],"example.":[38],"Besides":[39],"that,":[40],"there":[41],"exist":[42],"principal":[43],"that":[45,99],"overlooked":[48,79],"the":[50,71,90,100,114,124,131,137,161,178,185],"past:":[51],"Two":[52],"those":[54,65],"criteria":[55],"relevance":[57,169],"expressiveness":[59,103,138],"evidence.":[62],"Unlike":[63],"others,":[64],"directly":[67],"reaching":[70],"investigative":[72,187],"goal.":[73],"Therefore,":[74],"we":[75,92,97,129,158],"approach":[76],"these":[77,181],"two":[78,94],"evidence":[83],"by":[84,112,135],"giving":[85],"formal":[86],"definitions.":[87],"To":[88],"illustrate":[89],"usefulness,":[91],"present":[93],"applications:":[95],"First,":[96],"demonstrate":[98],"notions":[101],"completeness":[105],"can":[106],"be":[107],"used":[108],"guide":[110],"presenting":[113],"Facet-oriented":[115],"Criminalistic":[116],"Cycle":[117],"as":[118],"a":[119,142,147,154],"thinking":[120],"model,":[121],"which":[122],"extends":[123],"well-established":[125],"criminalistic":[126],"cycle.":[127],"Second,":[128],"put":[130],"into":[133],"practice":[134],"calculating":[136],"facets":[140],"from":[141],"state":[143],"machine":[144],"representation":[145],"system":[149],"utilizing":[150],"temporal":[151],"logic":[152],"model":[155],"checker.":[156],"Furthermore,":[157],"sketch":[159],"out":[160],"implications":[162],"this":[164,173],"improved":[165],"way":[166],"defining":[168],"expressiveness.":[171],"Accordingly,":[172],"article":[174],"aims":[175],"improve":[177],"understanding":[179],"critical":[182],"aspects":[183],"overall":[186],"process.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-06T08:24:18.245995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
