{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383102863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3606264","title":"Multi-Label Quantification","display_name":"Multi-Label Quantification","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383102863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3606264"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3606264","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3606264","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41523882","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","issn_l":"1556-4681","issn":["1556-4681","1556-472X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digibug.ugr.es/bitstream/10481/85892/1/MLQ%28TKDD-Final%29%20POST%20PRINT.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086354805","display_name":"Alejandro Moreo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0377-1025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122991210","display_name":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione \"Alessandro Faedo\"","ror":"https://ror.org/05kacka20","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122991210","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alejandro Moreo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell\u2019Informazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy","Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0377-1025","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell\u2019Informazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068681030","display_name":"Francisco Manuel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9748-2269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Francisco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9748-2269","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063975186","display_name":"Fabrizio Sebastiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4221-6427"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122991210","display_name":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione \"Alessandro Faedo\"","ror":"https://ror.org/05kacka20","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122991210","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio Sebastiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell\u2019Informazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy","Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4221-6427","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell\u2019Informazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122991210"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8158,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77763669,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9635000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6421603560447693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6237822771072388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.620041012763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-classification","display_name":"Binary classification","score":0.5394784212112427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5239967107772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5182607173919678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/margin","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","score":0.5011675357818604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.49246034026145935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiclass-classification","display_name":"Multiclass classification","score":0.48644375801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independence","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","score":0.47746777534484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4418409466743469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.43686580657958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.34846389293670654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.34632623195648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29774805903434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.24744024872779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.17104509472846985}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6421603560447693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6237822771072388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.620041012763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.5394784212112427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5239967107772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5182607173919678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.5011675357818604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.49246034026145935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123860398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934605","display_name":"Multiclass classification","level":3,"score":0.48644375801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.47746777534484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4418409466743469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.43686580657958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34846389293670654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34632623195648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29774805903434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.24744024872779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.17104509472846985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3606264","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3606264","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41523882","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","issn_l":"1556-4681","issn":["1556-4681","1556-472X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digibug.ugr.es:10481/85892","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10481/85892","pdf_url":"https://digibug.ugr.es/bitstream/10481/85892/1/MLQ%28TKDD-Final%29%20POST%20PRINT.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400567","display_name":"Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Granada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:people______::11dd66219b3a25435d12c5ae7895c466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055261","display_name":"ISTI Open Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY FROM DATA (ONLINE), vol. 18 (issue 1)","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digibug.ugr.es:10481/85892","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10481/85892","pdf_url":"https://digibug.ugr.es/bitstream/10481/85892/1/MLQ%28TKDD-Final%29%20POST%20PRINT.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400567","display_name":"Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Granada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1322071649","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"951911","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3542563520","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ICT-48-2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4397263494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"951911","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4650639776","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"871042, 951911","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4937468798","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5193324772","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BES-2017-081202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5871011076","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ICT-48-2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8274803949","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"871042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G899169222","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"871042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4383102863.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4383102863.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28412257","https://openalex.org/W54887220","https://openalex.org/W110325196","https://openalex.org/W1488030573","https://openalex.org/W1919365417","https://openalex.org/W1967542092","https://openalex.org/W1972047492","https://openalex.org/W1986159170","https://openalex.org/W1999954155","https://openalex.org/W2012942264","https://openalex.org/W2028138594","https://openalex.org/W2052684427","https://openalex.org/W2053463056","https://openalex.org/W2068074736","https://openalex.org/W2084465406","https://openalex.org/W2084933300","https://openalex.org/W2093238926","https://openalex.org/W2110914202","https://openalex.org/W2114315281","https://openalex.org/W2120929742","https://openalex.org/W2138290126","https://openalex.org/W2141253686","https://openalex.org/W2145827727","https://openalex.org/W2146241755","https://openalex.org/W2158243283","https://openalex.org/W2171060319","https://openalex.org/W2314207753","https://openalex.org/W2342355650","https://openalex.org/W2411155974","https://openalex.org/W2460419103","https://openalex.org/W2469875907","https://openalex.org/W2520348554","https://openalex.org/W2607666848","https://openalex.org/W2715319929","https://openalex.org/W2757390321","https://openalex.org/W2757560572","https://openalex.org/W2784045057","https://openalex.org/W2803277810","https://openalex.org/W2809060865","https://openalex.org/W2869021024","https://openalex.org/W2890781652","https://openalex.org/W2962804064","https://openalex.org/W2966214395","https://openalex.org/W2972798154","https://openalex.org/W2974133468","https://openalex.org/W3098010026","https://openalex.org/W3098847016","https://openalex.org/W3101167034","https://openalex.org/W3104435240","https://openalex.org/W3109546112","https://openalex.org/W3149807132","https://openalex.org/W3160793114","https://openalex.org/W3193078993","https://openalex.org/W3208623732","https://openalex.org/W3217481612","https://openalex.org/W4205110609","https://openalex.org/W4210308685","https://openalex.org/W4210887095","https://openalex.org/W4245322178","https://openalex.org/W4282936242","https://openalex.org/W4296302149","https://openalex.org/W4360998196"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389218031","https://openalex.org/W4376528628","https://openalex.org/W1537592868","https://openalex.org/W2470590370","https://openalex.org/W3207192536","https://openalex.org/W2910954186","https://openalex.org/W1748436461","https://openalex.org/W2002271516","https://openalex.org/W2014610539","https://openalex.org/W4281721362"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantification,":[0],"variously":[1],"called":[2],"supervised":[3,13],"prevalence":[4,24,139,159],"estimation":[5],"or":[6],"learning":[7,14],"to":[8,50,81,163,175,200],"quantify":[9],",":[10],"is":[11,104,205],"the":[12,20,28,44,57,61,65,82,91,109,126,138,146,165,169,191],"task":[15],"of":[16,19,27,30,67,89,96,129,134,140,157,171],"generating":[17],"predictors":[18],"relative":[21,127,178],"frequencies":[22,179],"(a.k.a.":[23],"values":[25,160],")":[26],"classes":[29,66,170],"interest":[31,68,172],"in":[32,43,63,117,136,173],"unlabelled":[33],"data":[34],"samples.":[35],"While":[36],"many":[37],"quantification":[38,84,99,150],"methods":[39,153],"have":[40],"been":[41],"proposed":[42],"past":[45],"for":[46,154],"binary":[47,98],"problems":[48],"and,":[49],"a":[51,94,102,195],"lesser":[52],"extent,":[53],"single-label":[54],"multiclass":[55],"problems,":[56],"multi-label":[58,83,149,188],"setting":[59],"(i.e.,":[60],"scenario":[62],"which":[64,113],"are":[69],"not":[70,120],"mutually":[71],"exclusive)":[72],"remains":[73],"by":[74,194],"and":[75],"large":[76,196],"unexplored.":[77],"A":[78],"straightforward":[79],"solution":[80,103],"problem":[85,92],"could":[86,132],"simply":[87],"consist":[88],"recasting":[90],"as":[93],"set":[95],"independent":[97],"problems.":[100],"Such":[101],"simple":[105],"but":[106],"na\u00efve,":[107],"since":[108],"independence":[110],"assumption":[111],"upon":[112],"it":[114],"rests":[115],"is,":[116],"most":[118],"cases,":[119,124],"satisfied.":[121],"In":[122],"these":[123],"knowing":[125],"frequency":[128],"one":[130],"class":[131,158],"be":[133],"help":[135],"determining":[137],"other":[141],"related":[142],"classes.":[143],"We":[144,182],"propose":[145],"first":[147],"truly":[148],"methods,":[151],"i.e.,":[152],"inferring":[155],"estimators":[156],"that":[161,186],"strive":[162],"leverage":[164],"stochastic":[166],"dependencies":[167],"among":[168],"order":[174],"predict":[176],"their":[177],"more":[180],"accurately.":[181],"show":[183],"empirical":[184],"evidence":[185],"natively":[187],"solutions":[189],"outperform":[190],"na\u00efve":[192],"approaches":[193],"margin.":[197],"The":[198],"code":[199],"reproduce":[201],"all":[202],"our":[203],"experiments":[204],"available":[206],"online.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2023-07-05T00:00:00"}