{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379986344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3603257","title":"FL4IoT: IoT Device Fingerprinting and Identification Using Federated Learning","display_name":"FL4IoT: IoT Device Fingerprinting and Identification Using Federated Learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379986344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3603257"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3603257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3603257","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3603257","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175912","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Internet of Things","issn_l":"2577-6207","issn":["2577-6207","2691-1914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Internet of Things","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3603257","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090068462","display_name":"Han Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2772-4661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800664555","display_name":"RISE Research Institutes of Sweden","ror":"https://ror.org/03nnxqz81","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800664555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Han Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800664555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086281799","display_name":"David Eklund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1954-760X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800664555","display_name":"RISE Research Institutes of Sweden","ror":"https://ror.org/03nnxqz81","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800664555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Eklund","raw_affiliation_strings":["RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800664555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035574749","display_name":"Alina Oprea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4979-5292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alina Oprea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001344842","display_name":"Shahid Raza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8192-0893"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800664555","display_name":"RISE Research Institutes of Sweden","ror":"https://ror.org/03nnxqz81","country_code":"SE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800664555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Raza","raw_affiliation_strings":["RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800664555"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090068462"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800664555"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5669,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96747492,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8486893177032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.7285310626029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7151460647583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.5917218327522278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federated-learning","display_name":"Federated learning","score":0.553739070892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5273690819740295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoofing-attack","display_name":"Spoofing attack","score":0.5074629187583923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4862712621688843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4607672691345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.36022108793258667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8486893177032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7285310626029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7151460647583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5917218327522278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.553739070892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5273690819740295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167900197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081100","display_name":"Spoofing attack","level":2,"score":0.5074629187583923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4862712621688843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4607672691345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.36022108793258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3603257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3603257","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3603257","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175912","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Internet of Things","issn_l":"2577-6207","issn":["2577-6207","2691-1914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Internet of Things","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:uu-511288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-511288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article in journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3603257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3603257","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3603257","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175912","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Internet of Things","issn_l":"2577-6207","issn":["2577-6207","2691-1914"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Internet of Things","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1065722106","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"957197","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1357117299","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101020259","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4484218627","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10048312","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G634668657","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"957197","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7331901853","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EU H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4379986344.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4379986344.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W82771173","https://openalex.org/W2116612304","https://openalex.org/W2294481702","https://openalex.org/W2574448563","https://openalex.org/W2604738573","https://openalex.org/W2621148797","https://openalex.org/W2754804809","https://openalex.org/W2767079719","https://openalex.org/W2784118568","https://openalex.org/W2799758613","https://openalex.org/W2888505697","https://openalex.org/W2891699316","https://openalex.org/W2895909303","https://openalex.org/W2901909474","https://openalex.org/W2903139904","https://openalex.org/W2912213068","https://openalex.org/W2919720498","https://openalex.org/W2921669466","https://openalex.org/W2928689123","https://openalex.org/W2950767885","https://openalex.org/W2969494728","https://openalex.org/W2980245908","https://openalex.org/W2982540247","https://openalex.org/W2983028905","https://openalex.org/W2985766404","https://openalex.org/W3013124972","https://openalex.org/W3014463933","https://openalex.org/W3015240948","https://openalex.org/W3122864121","https://openalex.org/W3189654197","https://openalex.org/W3210925692","https://openalex.org/W3213330817","https://openalex.org/W4214863110","https://openalex.org/W4220966162"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2998478967","https://openalex.org/W2188559950","https://openalex.org/W2989910292","https://openalex.org/W3128793638","https://openalex.org/W2607818178","https://openalex.org/W2123299109","https://openalex.org/W2021230337","https://openalex.org/W3153057489","https://openalex.org/W2895823926","https://openalex.org/W2020816142"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unidentified":[0],"devices":[1,19,42,54,187,208],"in":[2,7,84,105,118,158,162,170,184],"a":[3,56,70,95,119,127,143,163,189,198],"network":[4],"can":[5,205],"result":[6],"devastating":[8],"consequences.":[9],"It":[10,110],"is,":[11],"therefore,":[12],"necessary":[13],"to":[14,21,39,44,69,115,197],"fingerprint":[15],"and":[16,52,101,132,150,165,182],"identify":[17],"IoT":[18,33,63,75,129,186],"connected":[20,43],"private":[22,74,195],"or":[23],"critical":[24],"networks.":[25,45],"With":[26],"the":[27,81,171],"proliferation":[28],"of":[29,59],"massive":[30],"but":[31],"heterogeneous":[32],"devices,":[34],"it":[35,139],"is":[36,142],"getting":[37],"challenging":[38],"detect":[40,206],"vulnerable":[41],"Current":[46],"machine":[47,112],"learning-based":[48],"techniques":[49],"for":[50,98],"fingerprinting":[51,131,149],"identifying":[53,185],"necessitate":[55],"significant":[57],"amount":[58],"data":[60,76,196],"gathered":[61],"from":[62],"networks":[64],"that":[65,177],"must":[66],"be":[67,78,116],"transmitted":[68],"central":[71,82],"cloud.":[72],"Nevertheless,":[73],"cannot":[77],"shared":[79],"with":[80,209],"cloud":[83,200],"numerous":[85],"sensitive":[86],"scenarios.":[87],"Federated":[88],"learning":[89,100,113],"(FL)":[90],"has":[91,102],"been":[92,103],"regarded":[93],"as":[94],"promising":[96],"paradigm":[97],"decentralized":[99],"applied":[104],"many":[106],"different":[107,159],"use":[108],"cases.":[109],"enables":[111],"models":[114],"trained":[117],"privacy-preserving":[120],"way.":[121],"In":[122,202],"this":[123],"article,":[124],"we":[125,137],"propose":[126],"privacy-preserved":[128],"device":[130,148,152],"identification":[133],"mechanisms":[134],"using":[135,188],"FL;":[136],"call":[138],"FL4IoT.":[140],"FL4IoT":[141,154,178,204],"two-phased":[144],"system":[145],"combining":[146],"unsupervised-learning-based":[147],"supervised-learning-based":[151],"identification.":[153],"shows":[155],"its":[156],"practicality":[157],"performance":[160],"metrics":[161],"federated":[164,190],"centralized":[166,199],"setup.":[167],"For":[168],"instance,":[169],"best":[172],"cases,":[173],"empirical":[174],"results":[175],"show":[176],"achieves":[179],"\u223c99%":[180],"accuracy":[181,212],"F1-Score":[183],"setup":[191],"without":[192],"exposing":[193],"any":[194],"entity.":[201],"addition,":[203],"spoofed":[207],"over":[210],"99%":[211],".":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
