{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382362943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3599733.3600255","title":"Little\u2019s Law in a Single-Server System with Inactive State for Demand-Response in Data Centers with Green SLAs","display_name":"Little\u2019s Law in a Single-Server System with Inactive State for Demand-Response in Data Centers with Green SLAs","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382362943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3599733.3600255"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3599733.3600255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3599733.3600255","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036578889","display_name":"Alexander Golovin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1325-3739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152247","display_name":"Karelian Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05wgt8358","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210152247","https://openalex.org/I4210160366"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Golovin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Mathematical Research, Karelian Research Centre RAS, Russian Federation"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1325-3739","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Mathematical Research, Karelian Research Centre RAS, Russian Federation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023615606","display_name":"Robert Basmadjian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2951-4243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43980791","display_name":"Clausthal University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qb8nc58","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43980791"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Basmadjian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, TU Clausthal, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2951-4243","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, TU Clausthal, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43980791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036461035","display_name":"Sergey Astafiev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4486-798X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152247","display_name":"Karelian Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05wgt8358","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210152247","https://openalex.org/I4210160366"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergey Astafiev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Mathematical Research, Karelian Research Centre RAS, Russian Federation"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4486-798X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Mathematical Research, Karelian Research Centre RAS, Russian Federation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152247"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054106210","display_name":"Alexander Rumyantsev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2364-5939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152247","display_name":"Karelian Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05wgt8358","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210152247","https://openalex.org/I4210160366"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Rumyantsev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Mathematical Research, Karelian Research Centre RAS, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2364-5939","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Mathematical Research, Karelian Research Centre RAS, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152247"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10578585,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"91","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5498438477516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5133029818534851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.4869033396244049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.30299699306488037}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5498438477516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5133029818534851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.4869033396244049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.30299699306488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3599733.3600255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3599733.3600255","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W240410933","https://openalex.org/W1520003103","https://openalex.org/W1940369520","https://openalex.org/W1981489410","https://openalex.org/W2151484814","https://openalex.org/W2152260878","https://openalex.org/W2426132784","https://openalex.org/W2553404802","https://openalex.org/W2787794092","https://openalex.org/W2789321149","https://openalex.org/W2804861016","https://openalex.org/W2808103092","https://openalex.org/W2951452709","https://openalex.org/W2970082665","https://openalex.org/W2979670384","https://openalex.org/W2981984138","https://openalex.org/W3108384552","https://openalex.org/W3176356177","https://openalex.org/W3187436598","https://openalex.org/W4214879293","https://openalex.org/W4285224775","https://openalex.org/W4312999336"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2092530219","https://openalex.org/W2388464034","https://openalex.org/W2533125852","https://openalex.org/W2140460949","https://openalex.org/W2105580438","https://openalex.org/W2057435755","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Data":[0],"centers":[1],"can":[2,51],"participate":[3],"in":[4,154],"demand-response":[5],"schemes":[6,32],"by":[7,24],"reducing":[8],"their":[9,20],"demand,":[10],"however,":[11],"at":[12],"the":[13,16,25,39,44,55,62,85,112,131,136,151,161],"expense":[14],"of":[15,19,30,41,43,75,87,100,104,130,141,168],"agreed-upon":[17],"performance":[18,138],"IT":[21,82],"services":[22],"defined":[23],"SLAs.":[26,89],"The":[27],"successful":[28],"application":[29],"such":[31],"necessitates":[33],"a":[34,72,76,95,116],"careful":[35],"analysis":[36],"so":[37],"that":[38],"amount":[40],"degradation":[42],"SLAs":[45],"with":[46,115],"respect":[47],"to":[48,59],"power":[49,147],"savings":[50],"be":[52],"quantified":[53],"helping":[54],"data":[56,77,96],"center":[57,97],"operators":[58],"set":[60],"up":[61],"optimal":[63],"configuration.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66,91],"paper,":[67],"we":[68,93],"study":[69,150],"and":[70,81,124,145,149,171],"analyze":[71],"system":[73,98,114],"consisting":[74,99],"center,":[78],"its":[79],"operator,":[80],"clients":[83],"under":[84,165],"consideration":[86],"relaxed":[88],"For":[90],"purpose,":[92],"consider":[94],"two":[101],"heterogeneous":[102],"pools":[103],"servers,":[105],"where":[106],"each":[107],"server":[108],"is":[109],"modeled":[110],"using":[111],"single-server":[113],"power-saving":[117],"inactive":[118],"state,":[119],"non-zero":[120],"(random)":[121],"activation/deactivation":[122],"times,":[123],"hot":[125],"standby":[126],"state.":[127],"Making":[128],"use":[129],"distributional":[132],"Little\u2019s":[133],"Law,":[134],"derive":[135],"steady-state":[137],"(in":[139],"terms":[140],"response":[142],"time":[143],"distribution)":[144],"average":[146],"demand":[148],"power-performance":[152],"trade-off":[153],"an":[155],"explicit":[156],"way.":[157],"Numerical":[158],"results":[159],"illustrate":[160],"model\u2019s":[162],"theoretical":[163],"properties,":[164],"different":[166],"considerations":[167],"low,":[169],"medium,":[170],"high":[172],"workload":[173],"utilization":[174],"rates.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}