{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386415055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3599696.3612898","title":"Grassroots Social Networking: Serverless, Permissionless Protocols for Twitter/LinkedIn/WhatsApp","display_name":"Grassroots Social Networking: Serverless, Permissionless Protocols for Twitter/LinkedIn/WhatsApp","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386415055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3599696.3612898"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3599696.3612898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3599696.3612898","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3599696.3612898","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3rd International Workshop on Open Challenges in Online Social Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3599696.3612898","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053718371","display_name":"Ehud Shapiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8266-3125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53964585","display_name":"Weizmann Institute of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0316ej306","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53964585"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ehud Shapiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8266-3125","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53964585"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053718371"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53964585"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"14","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grassroots","display_name":"Grassroots","score":0.9496996402740479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7538788318634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roaming","display_name":"Roaming","score":0.7523618936538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liveness","display_name":"Liveness","score":0.6451331973075867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.6093209981918335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5060703158378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4890523850917816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4463120698928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4417828321456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snapshot","display_name":"Snapshot (computer storage)","score":0.4280911982059479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.30183273553848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.13815638422966003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.11549177765846252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07801187038421631}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781188222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929651","display_name":"Grassroots","level":3,"score":0.9496996402740479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7538788318634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194498986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q680016","display_name":"Roaming","level":2,"score":0.7523618936538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15569618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3561421","display_name":"Liveness","level":2,"score":0.6451331973075867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.6093209981918335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5060703158378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4890523850917816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4463120698928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4417828321456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55282118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252683","display_name":"Snapshot (computer storage)","level":2,"score":0.4280911982059479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.30183273553848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13815638422966003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.11549177765846252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07801187038421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3599696.3612898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3599696.3612898","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3599696.3612898","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3rd International Workshop on Open Challenges in Online Social Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3599696.3612898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3599696.3612898","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3599696.3612898","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3rd International Workshop on Open Challenges in Online Social Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386415055.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984599464","https://openalex.org/W2049693545","https://openalex.org/W2107233660","https://openalex.org/W2143339817","https://openalex.org/W2887214122","https://openalex.org/W2977445462","https://openalex.org/W2979933889","https://openalex.org/W2980412466","https://openalex.org/W3033744141","https://openalex.org/W4248175462"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038284070","https://openalex.org/W1565271071","https://openalex.org/W2081199208","https://openalex.org/W2020931302","https://openalex.org/W3349016","https://openalex.org/W2393835291","https://openalex.org/W3160870209","https://openalex.org/W2494011163","https://openalex.org/W2053262709","https://openalex.org/W2139648957"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Offering":[0],"a":[1,20,55,82,109,148],"viable":[2],"alternative":[3],"architecture":[4,22,34,52,99],"to":[5],"centrally-controlled":[6,141],"global":[7],"digital":[8],"platforms":[9],"for":[10,23,37],"social":[11,27,31,57,96,123,142],"networking":[12,124],"is":[13,35],"an":[14,43],"open":[15],"challenge.":[16],"Here":[17],"we":[18],"present":[19],"grassroots":[21,30,83,122,149],"serverless,":[24],"permissionless,":[25],"peer-to-peer":[26],"networks":[28,143],"termed":[29],"networking.":[32],"The":[33,51,98],"geared":[36],"roaming":[38],"(address-changing)":[39],"agents":[40],"communicating":[41,48],"over":[42],"unreliable":[44],"network,":[45],"e.g.,":[46],"smartphones":[47],"via":[49],"UDP.":[50],"incorporates":[53],"(i)":[54],"decentralized":[56],"graph,":[58],"where":[59],"each":[60],"member":[61],"controls,":[62],"maintains":[63],"and":[64,78,80,126,133,137],"stores":[65],"only":[66,90],"their":[67,129],"local":[68],"neighbourhood":[69],"in":[70,86],"the":[71,92,95,104,114],"graph;":[72],"(ii)":[73],"member-created":[74],"feeds,":[75],"with":[76],"authors":[77],"followers;":[79],"(iii)":[81],"dissemination":[84],"protocol,":[85],"which":[87],"communication":[88],"occurs":[89],"along":[91],"edges":[93],"of":[94,113],"graph.":[97],"realizes":[100],"these":[101],"components":[102],"using":[103],"blocklace":[105],"data":[106],"structure":[107],"\u2013":[108],"distributed":[110],"partially-ordered":[111],"counterpart":[112],"replicated":[115],"totally-ordered":[116],"blockchain.":[117],"We":[118],"provide":[119],"two":[120],"example":[121],"protocols\u2014Twitter/LinkedIn-like":[125],"WhatsApp-like\u2014and":[127],"address":[128],"security":[130],"(safety,":[131],"liveness":[132],"privacy),":[134],"spam/deep-fake":[135],"resistance,":[136],"implementation,":[138],"demonstrating":[139],"how":[140],"could":[144],"be":[145],"supplanted":[146],"by":[147],"architecture.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2023-09-05T00:00:00"}