{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384155414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597926.3598100","title":"Simulation-Based Validation for Autonomous Driving Systems","display_name":"Simulation-Based Validation for Autonomous Driving Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384155414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597926.3598100"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3597926.3598100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597926.3598100","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 32nd ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053740664","display_name":"Changwen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8901-8287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changwen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software at Chinese Academy of Sciences, China / University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software at Chinese Academy of Sciences, China / University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075454664","display_name":"Joseph Sifakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-7981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Sifakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Grenoble Alpes, France / CNRS, France / Grenoble INP, France / VERIMAG, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Grenoble Alpes, France / CNRS, France / Grenoble INP, France / VERIMAG, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100367029","display_name":"Qiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8751-8093"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Military Sciences, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Military Sciences, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100329480","display_name":"Rongjie Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5225-6268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongjie Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software at Chinese Academy of Sciences, China / University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software at Chinese Academy of Sciences, China / University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100410059","display_name":"Jian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1375-4947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software at Chinese Academy of Sciences, China / University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software at Chinese Academy of Sciences, China / University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0124,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93908458,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"842","last_page":"853"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7772247195243835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.588076651096344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5691837072372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5324293971061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5013978481292725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.4187605381011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3586379587650299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3539998531341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3426671326160431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.15184399485588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10258650779724121}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7772247195243835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.588076651096344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5691837072372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5324293971061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5013978481292725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4187605381011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3586379587650299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3539998531341553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3426671326160431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.15184399485588074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10258650779724121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3597926.3598100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597926.3598100","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 32nd ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4677120484","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"YSBR-040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8267205545","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62132020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970565328","https://openalex.org/W2027769154","https://openalex.org/W2048903680","https://openalex.org/W2328067583","https://openalex.org/W2566243177","https://openalex.org/W2782311202","https://openalex.org/W2811472820","https://openalex.org/W2888307014","https://openalex.org/W2917321477","https://openalex.org/W2957066083","https://openalex.org/W2965660219","https://openalex.org/W2970963308","https://openalex.org/W2973204678","https://openalex.org/W3000408052","https://openalex.org/W3038904154","https://openalex.org/W3101000982","https://openalex.org/W3113697139","https://openalex.org/W3115511661","https://openalex.org/W3117054268","https://openalex.org/W3117590843","https://openalex.org/W3127590161","https://openalex.org/W3138484593","https://openalex.org/W3200052604","https://openalex.org/W3204783853","https://openalex.org/W3206397101","https://openalex.org/W3210089292","https://openalex.org/W3210646386","https://openalex.org/W3216578859","https://openalex.org/W4205208350","https://openalex.org/W4210496774","https://openalex.org/W4287114153","https://openalex.org/W4307934458","https://openalex.org/W4308642992","https://openalex.org/W4309711132","https://openalex.org/W4313563570","https://openalex.org/W4320168818","https://openalex.org/W6931646897"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4232403550","https://openalex.org/W623607250","https://openalex.org/W4245429118","https://openalex.org/W4205110281","https://openalex.org/W4212927854","https://openalex.org/W4211151614","https://openalex.org/W4244798043","https://openalex.org/W4361866086","https://openalex.org/W4251969024","https://openalex.org/W4250793136"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,151],"investigate":[1],"a":[2,20,28,37,50,67,75,80,101,125,177],"rigorous":[3],"simulation":[4,34],"and":[5,19,36,106],"testing-based":[6],"validation":[7,59],"method":[8,60,126],"for":[9,139],"autonomous":[10],"driving":[11],"systems":[12],"that":[13,31,39,133,153,168],"integrates":[14],"an":[15],"existing":[16],"industrial":[17],"simulator":[18,66,167],"formally":[21],"defined":[22],"testing":[23],"environment.":[24],"The":[25,58,94],"environment":[26,85],"includes":[27],"scenario":[29],"generator":[30],"drives":[32],"the":[33,43,47,65,71,84,88,91,115,154,165],"process":[35],"monitor":[38,95],"checks":[40],"at":[41],"runtime":[42],"observed":[44],"behavior":[45,117],"of":[46,52,70,83,90,113,131,142,157],"system":[48,53,73,92,116],"against":[49],"set":[51],"properties":[54,98],"to":[55,127,174],"be":[56,149],"validated.":[57],"consists":[61],"in":[62,86,100,164],"extracting":[63],"from":[64],"semantic":[68],"model":[69,82],"simulated":[72],"including":[74],"metric":[76],"graph,":[77],"which":[78,87],"is":[79],"mathematical":[81],"vehicles":[89],"evolve.":[93],"can":[96],"verify":[97],"formalized":[99],"first-order":[102],"linear":[103],"temporal":[104],"logic":[105],"provide":[107],"diagnostics":[108],"explaining":[109],"their":[110],"non-satisfaction.":[111],"Instead":[112],"exploring":[114],"randomly":[118],"as":[119],"many":[120,162],"simulators":[121],"do,":[122],"we":[123],"propose":[124],"systematically":[128],"generate":[129],"sets":[130],"scenarios":[132],"cover":[134],"potentially":[135],"risky":[136,158],"situations,":[137],"especially":[138],"different":[140],"types":[141],"junctions":[143],"where":[144],"specific":[145],"traffic":[146],"rules":[147],"must":[148],"respected.":[150],"show":[152],"systematic":[155],"exploration":[156,179],"situations":[159],"has":[160],"uncovered":[161],"flaws":[163],"real":[166],"would":[169],"have":[170],"been":[171],"very":[172],"difficult":[173],"discover":[175],"by":[176],"random":[178],"process.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}