{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394745749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597503.3639152","title":"Are We There Yet? Unraveling the State-of-the-Art Smart Contract Fuzzers","display_name":"Are We There Yet? Unraveling the State-of-the-Art Smart Contract Fuzzers","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394745749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597503.3639152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3597503.3639152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597503.3639152","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3597503.3639152","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3597503.3639152","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051914905","display_name":"Shuohan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4719-4637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuohan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4719-4637","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100342798","display_name":"Zihao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4382-577X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4382-577X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044913537","display_name":"Luyi Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8644-9770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luyi Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8644-9770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025634410","display_name":"Weimin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-100X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weimin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU), Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-100X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU), Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067240337","display_name":"Muhui Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-6894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhui Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-6894","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100455048","display_name":"Chenxu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9539-5046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenxu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'An, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9539-5046","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'An, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400376","display_name":"Xiapu Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiapu Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3208","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100396821","display_name":"Hao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8890-9208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8890-9208","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.5487,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99055117,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzz-testing","display_name":"Fuzz testing","score":0.904451847076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8811191320419312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7305799722671509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.6204742789268494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5055193901062012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.488874614238739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-contract","display_name":"Smart contract","score":0.4252210557460785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.35811036825180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3241806626319885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2823565602302551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.21667474508285522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.19746878743171692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.1934848129749298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.1424959897994995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111065885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189053","display_name":"Fuzz testing","level":3,"score":0.904451847076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8811191320419312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7305799722671509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.6204742789268494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5055193901062012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.488874614238739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779950589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544035","display_name":"Smart contract","level":3,"score":0.4252210557460785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.35811036825180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3241806626319885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2823565602302551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.21667474508285522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.19746878743171692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.1934848129749298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.1424959897994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3597503.3639152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597503.3639152","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3597503.3639152","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3597503.3639152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597503.3639152","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3597503.3639152","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8176576550","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62272379","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394745749.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394745749.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994742583","https://openalex.org/W2163362445","https://openalex.org/W2538848838","https://openalex.org/W2598139937","https://openalex.org/W2604844934","https://openalex.org/W2613534458","https://openalex.org/W2766540688","https://openalex.org/W2777430404","https://openalex.org/W2794965318","https://openalex.org/W2804791132","https://openalex.org/W2805827286","https://openalex.org/W2806377938","https://openalex.org/W2806746626","https://openalex.org/W2808815243","https://openalex.org/W2846896781","https://openalex.org/W2933883078","https://openalex.org/W2947182139","https://openalex.org/W2954151438","https://openalex.org/W2963350015","https://openalex.org/W2964097210","https://openalex.org/W2964241064","https://openalex.org/W2981088827","https://openalex.org/W2982275082","https://openalex.org/W2982359148","https://openalex.org/W2985495886","https://openalex.org/W2987160260","https://openalex.org/W2997640974","https://openalex.org/W3004205122","https://openalex.org/W3013972692","https://openalex.org/W3014684725","https://openalex.org/W3026203297","https://openalex.org/W3026315212","https://openalex.org/W3035733952","https://openalex.org/W3039413122","https://openalex.org/W3041037634","https://openalex.org/W3043576244","https://openalex.org/W3089408602","https://openalex.org/W3091620507","https://openalex.org/W3098149161","https://openalex.org/W3098450669","https://openalex.org/W3106007553","https://openalex.org/W3125989628","https://openalex.org/W3128660473","https://openalex.org/W3163844163","https://openalex.org/W3181957689","https://openalex.org/W3207487452","https://openalex.org/W4205689130","https://openalex.org/W4206597193","https://openalex.org/W4225727354","https://openalex.org/W4225827138","https://openalex.org/W4225881017","https://openalex.org/W4226292196","https://openalex.org/W4284694822","https://openalex.org/W4285060547","https://openalex.org/W4285277283","https://openalex.org/W4285814603","https://openalex.org/W4299301436","https://openalex.org/W4312495723","https://openalex.org/W4313563646","https://openalex.org/W4384155618","https://openalex.org/W4384304916","https://openalex.org/W4388857350","https://openalex.org/W4389165109","https://openalex.org/W6737694244"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2511770387","https://openalex.org/W3120811337","https://openalex.org/W3203597304","https://openalex.org/W4385301282","https://openalex.org/W2990186179","https://openalex.org/W4248424560","https://openalex.org/W3023977444","https://openalex.org/W4210660460","https://openalex.org/W4288084466","https://openalex.org/W4365601033"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Given":[0],"the":[1,108],"growing":[2],"importance":[3],"of":[4,37,57,90,113],"smart":[5,29,38],"contracts":[6],"in":[7,60],"various":[8],"applications,":[9],"ensuring":[10],"their":[11],"security":[12],"and":[13,63,86,111],"reliability":[14],"is":[15],"critical.":[16],"Fuzzing,":[17],"an":[18,66],"effective":[19],"vulnerability":[20],"detection":[21],"technique,":[22],"has":[23],"recently":[24],"been":[25],"widely":[26],"applied":[27],"to":[28,70],"contracts.":[30],"Despite":[31],"numerous":[32],"studies,":[33],"a":[34,54,78,83,88],"systematic":[35],"investigation":[36],"contract":[39,61,73,114],"fuzzing":[40],"techniques":[41],"remains":[42],"lacking.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45,49],"paper,":[46],"we":[47,81,104],"fill":[48],"gap":[50],"by:":[51],"1)":[52],"providing":[53],"comprehensive":[55],"review":[56],"current":[58],"research":[59,110],"fuzzing,":[62],"2)":[64],"conducting":[65],"in-depth":[67],"empirical":[68],"study":[69],"evaluate":[71],"state-of-the-art":[72],"fuzzers'":[74],"usability.":[75],"To":[76],"guarantee":[77],"fair":[79],"evaluation,":[80],"employ":[82],"carefully-labeled":[84],"benchmark":[85],"introduce":[87],"set":[89],"pragmatic":[91],"performance":[92],"metrics,":[93],"evaluating":[94],"fuzzers":[95],"from":[96],"five":[97],"complementary":[98],"perspectives.":[99],"Based":[100],"on":[101],"our":[102],"findings,":[103],"provide":[105],"direction":[106],"for":[107],"future":[109],"development":[112],"fuzzers.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}