{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394744957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597503.3639093","title":"Analyzing and Debugging Normative Requirements via Satisfiability Checking","display_name":"Analyzing and Debugging Normative Requirements via Satisfiability Checking","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394744957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597503.3639093"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3597503.3639093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597503.3639093","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046002566","display_name":"Nick Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3908-2755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nick Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3908-2755","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020950621","display_name":"Lina Marsso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0220-191X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lina Marsso","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0220-191X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041526430","display_name":"Sinem Getir Yaman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3944-6574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sinem Getir Yaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of York, York, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3944-6574","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, York, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052289188","display_name":"Yesugen Baatartogtokh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7946-0074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202524275","display_name":"Smith College","ror":"https://ror.org/0497crr92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202524275"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yesugen Baatartogtokh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7946-0074","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202524275"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072643540","display_name":"Reem Ayad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7775-2871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reem Ayad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7775-2871","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017529465","display_name":"Victoria Oldemburgo de Mello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2867-8529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victoria Oldemburgo De Mello","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2867-8529","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027335222","display_name":"Beverley Townsend","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8486-6041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beverley Townsend","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of York, York, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8486-6041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, York, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093713883","display_name":"Isobel Standen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0486-3778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isobel Standen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy, University of York, York, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0486-3778","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy, University of York, York, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072127441","display_name":"Ioannis Stefanakos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3741-252X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Stefanakos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of York, York, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3741-252X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, York, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070675201","display_name":"Calum Imrie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3198-9226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Calum Imrie","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of York, York, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3198-9226","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, York, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039374886","display_name":"Gena\u00edna Nunes Rodrigues","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1661-8131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150729083","display_name":"Universidade de Bras\u00edlia","ror":"https://ror.org/02xfp8v59","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150729083"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Genaina Nunes Rodrigues","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1661-8131","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150729083"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073408099","display_name":"Ana Cavalcanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0831-1976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Cavalcanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of York, York, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0831-1976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, York, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011374280","display_name":"Radu C\u0103linescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2678-9260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Radu Calinescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of York, York, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2678-9260","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, York, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079431306","display_name":"Marsha Che\u0107hik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6301-3517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marsha Chechik","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6301-3517","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.0034,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9937486,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debugging","display_name":"Debugging","score":0.745952308177948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6942751407623291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5874555110931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.5482736229896545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normative","display_name":"Normative","score":0.5009782314300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.48956260085105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociotechnical-system","display_name":"Sociotechnical system","score":0.46643900871276855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/requirements-elicitation","display_name":"Requirements elicitation","score":0.4368334114551544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.41054901480674744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.36839550733566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.31877028942108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/requirements-engineering","display_name":"Requirements engineering","score":0.311778724193573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2958762049674988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2422269880771637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.163937509059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.745952308177948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6942751407623291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5874555110931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.5482736229896545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44725695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288156","display_name":"Normative","level":2,"score":0.5009782314300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.48956260085105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127627568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639361","display_name":"Sociotechnical system","level":2,"score":0.46643900871276855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45384764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838667","display_name":"Requirements elicitation","level":4,"score":0.4368334114551544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.41054901480674744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.36839550733566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.31877028942108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6604083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376937","display_name":"Requirements engineering","level":3,"score":0.311778724193573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2958762049674988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2422269880771637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.163937509059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3597503.3639093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3597503.3639093","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.polymtl.ca:64466","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.polymtl.ca/64466/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401013","display_name":"PolyPublie (\u00c9cole Polytechnique de Montr\u00e9al)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","host_organization_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Communication de conf\u00e9rence"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1058556230","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R025479/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4796088780","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/M025756/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113486906","https://openalex.org/W2129289644","https://openalex.org/W2133460105","https://openalex.org/W2167376082","https://openalex.org/W2171627300","https://openalex.org/W2202015452","https://openalex.org/W2588699678","https://openalex.org/W2751090161","https://openalex.org/W2793070406","https://openalex.org/W2917032424","https://openalex.org/W2987375645","https://openalex.org/W3036972878","https://openalex.org/W3092224513","https://openalex.org/W3159220272","https://openalex.org/W3165773888","https://openalex.org/W3173699214","https://openalex.org/W4296594012","https://openalex.org/W4297311334","https://openalex.org/W4297686343","https://openalex.org/W4297880987","https://openalex.org/W4383213568","https://openalex.org/W4384471467","https://openalex.org/W4388482993"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2608001814","https://openalex.org/W2062417677","https://openalex.org/W2472769502","https://openalex.org/W2757033128","https://openalex.org/W4285801815","https://openalex.org/W2242308721","https://openalex.org/W2137520080","https://openalex.org/W2181998829","https://openalex.org/W1910988615","https://openalex.org/W1617997706"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"software":[1,171],"systems":[2],"increasingly":[3],"interact":[4],"with":[5,60],"humans":[6],"in":[7,120,146],"application":[8],"domains":[9],"such":[10,107,177],"as":[11,108],"transportation":[12],"and":[13,25,29,92,112,130,137,156,162,181],"healthcare,":[14],"they":[15],"raise":[16],"concerns":[17,43],"related":[18],"to":[19,40,54,89,98,128,160,185],"the":[20,135,170,173],"social,":[21],"legal,":[22],"ethical,":[23],"empathetic,":[24],"cultural":[26],"(SLEEC)":[27],"norms":[28],"values":[30],"of":[31,103,139,149,175],"their":[32,118],"stakeholders.":[33],"Normative":[34],"non-functional":[35],"requirements":[36],"(N-NFRs)":[37],"are":[38],"used":[39,158],"capture":[41],"these":[42],"by":[44,57],"setting":[45],"SLEEC-relevant":[46],"boundaries":[47],"for":[48,169],"system":[49],"behavior.":[50],"Since":[51],"N-NFRs":[52],"need":[53],"be":[55],"specified":[56],"multiple":[58],"stakeholders":[59,127],"widely":[61],"different,":[62],"non-technical":[63,126],"expertise":[64],"(ethicists,":[65],"lawyers,":[66,151],"regulators,":[67],"end":[68],"users,":[69],"etc.),":[70],"N-NFR":[71,90,104],"elicitation":[72],"is":[73],"very":[74],"challenging.":[75],"To":[76],"address":[77],"this":[78],"difficult":[79],"task,":[80],"we":[81],"introduce":[82],"N-Check,":[83],"a":[84,100,121],"novel":[85],"tool-supported":[86],"formal":[87],"approach":[88,141],"analysis":[91],"debugging.":[93],"N-Check":[94,159],"employs":[95],"satisfiability":[96],"checking":[97],"identify":[99],"broad":[101],"spectrum":[102],"well-formedness":[105],"issues,":[106],"conflicts,":[109],"redundancy,":[110],"restrictiveness,":[111],"insufficiency,":[113],"yielding":[114],"diagnostics":[115],"that":[116,124],"pinpoint":[117],"causes":[119],"user-friendly":[122],"way":[123],"enables":[125],"understand":[129],"fix":[131],"them.":[132],"We":[133],"show":[134],"effectiveness":[136],"usability":[138],"our":[140],"through":[142],"nine":[143],"case":[144],"studies":[145],"which":[147],"teams":[148],"ethicists,":[150],"philosophers,":[152],"psychologists,":[153],"safety":[154],"analysts,":[155],"engineers":[157],"analyse":[161],"debug":[163],"233":[164],"N-NFRs,":[165],"comprising":[166],"62":[167],"issues":[168],"underpinning":[172],"operation":[174],"systems,":[176],"as,":[178],"assistive-care":[179],"robots":[180],"tree-disease":[182],"detection":[183],"drones":[184],"manufacturing":[186],"collaborative":[187],"robots.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}