{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380369737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3596264","title":"TouchKey","display_name":"TouchKey","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380369737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3596264"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3596264","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3596264","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219751","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies","issn_l":"2474-9567","issn":["2474-9567"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101744515","display_name":"Yuchen Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3796-1057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuchen Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074511454","display_name":"Chaojie Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2153-811X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaojie Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050232781","display_name":"Zhenyu Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4433-5211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062969921","display_name":"Sze Yiu Chau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9300-0808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sze Yiu Chau","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040651615","display_name":"Rui Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8441-9973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100326356","display_name":"Qi Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Uppsala University, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Uppsala University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042014818","display_name":"Wen Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4076-1811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New South Wales, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New South Wales, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068195118","display_name":"Shibo He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1505-6766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shibo He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100726041","display_name":"Jiming Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3155-3145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiming Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101744515"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6582,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64183685,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.744827151298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.64002525806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.6257041692733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.5642457604408264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.544259250164032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.4458834230899811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairing","display_name":"Pairing","score":0.4428040385246277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.43651601672172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.4220844507217407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.41157782077789307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.34803706407546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2857280373573303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2562641501426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1887974739074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.12638261914253235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08841681480407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08283397555351257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.744827151298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.64002525806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.6257041692733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.5642457604408264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.544259250164032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.4458834230899811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14103023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681459","display_name":"Pairing","level":3,"score":0.4428040385246277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.43651601672172546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.4220844507217407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41157782077789307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.34803706407546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2857280373573303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2562641501426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1887974739074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.12638261914253235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08841681480407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08283397555351257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54101563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124131","display_name":"Superconductivity","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3596264","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3596264","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219751","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies","issn_l":"2474-9567","issn":["2474-9567"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2387324154","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1909207, 62202407","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6787387257","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Academic Research Fund Tier 1 (RG88/22)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01kcva023"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W356286598","https://openalex.org/W437466654","https://openalex.org/W1511333159","https://openalex.org/W1985633252","https://openalex.org/W2009450283","https://openalex.org/W2011582944","https://openalex.org/W2031481606","https://openalex.org/W2032551902","https://openalex.org/W2036411674","https://openalex.org/W2090418561","https://openalex.org/W2100147865","https://openalex.org/W2105697580","https://openalex.org/W2111744417","https://openalex.org/W2116548592","https://openalex.org/W2122235704","https://openalex.org/W2124280970","https://openalex.org/W2135988418","https://openalex.org/W2150616341","https://openalex.org/W2156808151","https://openalex.org/W2159200188","https://openalex.org/W2164090669","https://openalex.org/W2249590530","https://openalex.org/W2465494910","https://openalex.org/W2548276179","https://openalex.org/W2606202642","https://openalex.org/W2756567412","https://openalex.org/W2790572611","https://openalex.org/W2794756467","https://openalex.org/W2903743879","https://openalex.org/W2915409910","https://openalex.org/W2925634966","https://openalex.org/W2948935733","https://openalex.org/W2962970093","https://openalex.org/W2963907129","https://openalex.org/W3003163429","https://openalex.org/W3012499259","https://openalex.org/W3095980483","https://openalex.org/W3096980218","https://openalex.org/W3104023962","https://openalex.org/W3105086467","https://openalex.org/W4220876445","https://openalex.org/W4243494487","https://openalex.org/W4254402755","https://openalex.org/W4292862193","https://openalex.org/W6748282087"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3015473028","https://openalex.org/W3201176751","https://openalex.org/W2029180842","https://openalex.org/W2051379014","https://openalex.org/W2057898405","https://openalex.org/W1993094293","https://openalex.org/W2790938167","https://openalex.org/W2953807518","https://openalex.org/W2258335979","https://openalex.org/W2890366349"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Secure":[0],"device":[1],"pairing":[2],"is":[3,58],"important":[4],"to":[5,13,26],"wearables.":[6],"Existing":[7],"solutions":[8],"either":[9],"degrade":[10],"usability":[11],"due":[12,25],"the":[14,27,46,76,82,90,142],"need":[15,28],"of":[16,29,69,107,115,120,135],"specific":[17],"actions":[18],"like":[19,32],"shaking,":[20],"or":[21],"they":[22],"lack":[23],"universality":[24],"dedicated":[30],"hardware":[31],"electrocardiogram":[33],"sensors.":[34],"This":[35],"paper":[36],"proposes":[37],"TouchKey,":[38],"a":[39,102,118,130],"symmetric":[40],"key":[41,104],"generation":[42,105],"scheme":[43],"that":[44,75,99],"exploits":[45],"skin":[47],"electric":[48],"potential":[49],"(SEP)":[50],"induced":[51],"by":[52],"powerline":[53],"electromagnetic":[54],"radiation.":[55],"The":[56],"SEP":[57,77],"ubiquitously":[59],"accessible":[60],"indoors":[61],"with":[62],"analog-to-digital":[63],"converters":[64],"widely":[65],"available":[66],"on":[67,89],"Internet":[68],"Things":[70],"devices.":[71,161],"Our":[72],"measurements":[73],"show":[74,98],"has":[78],"high":[79,103],"randomness":[80],"and":[81,110,125,146,152],"SEPs":[83],"measured":[84],"at":[85],"two":[86],"close":[87],"locations":[88],"same":[91],"human":[92],"body":[93],"are":[94,149],"similar.":[95],"Extensive":[96],"experiments":[97],"TouchKey":[100,128],"achieves":[101],"rate":[106,114,134],"345":[108],"bit/s":[109],"an":[111],"average":[112],"success":[113],"99.29%.":[116],"Under":[117],"range":[119],"adversary":[121],"models":[122],"including":[123],"active":[124],"passive":[126],"attacks,":[127],"shows":[129],"low":[131],"false":[132],"acceptance":[133],"0.86%,":[136],"which":[137,155],"outperforms":[138],"existing":[139],"solutions.":[140],"Besides,":[141],"overall":[143],"execution":[144],"time":[145],"energy":[147],"usage":[148],"0.44":[150],"s":[151],"2.716":[153],"mJ,":[154],"make":[156],"it":[157],"suitable":[158],"for":[159],"resource-constrained":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2023-06-13T00:00:00"}
