{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386389022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3595353.3595882","title":"Why Do Facial Deepfake Detectors Fail?","display_name":"Why Do Facial Deepfake Detectors Fail?","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386389022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3595353.3595882"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3595353.3595882","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3595353.3595882","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2nd Workshop on the security implications of Deepfakes and Cheapfakes","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040773214","display_name":"Binh M. Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4344-3421"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Binh Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dash Lab, Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4344-3421","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dash Lab, Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003311970","display_name":"Shahroz Tariq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9090-0579"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahroz Tariq","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO 's Data61, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9090-0579","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO 's Data61, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086357020","display_name":"Alsharif Abuadbba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9695-7947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alsharif Abuadbba","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO's Data61, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9695-7947","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO's Data61, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037106850","display_name":"Kristen Moore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9962-5080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristen Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO's Data61, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9962-5080","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO's Data61, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033106393","display_name":"Simon S. Woo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8983-1542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Woo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dash Lab, Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8983-1542","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dash Lab, Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040773214"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2372,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90105975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"24","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5739846229553223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5408338904380798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5739846229553223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5408338904380798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3595353.3595882","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3595353.3595882","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2nd Workshop on the security implications of Deepfakes and Cheapfakes","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2115252128","https://openalex.org/W2486034530","https://openalex.org/W2942074357","https://openalex.org/W2943520232","https://openalex.org/W2982058372","https://openalex.org/W3019200173","https://openalex.org/W3034713808","https://openalex.org/W3034864980","https://openalex.org/W3125803510","https://openalex.org/W3158734383","https://openalex.org/W3177027279","https://openalex.org/W3182523681","https://openalex.org/W4224314237","https://openalex.org/W4312388562","https://openalex.org/W4367046738"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2366906938","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"rapid":[1,45],"advancements":[2],"in":[3,85,127],"deepfake":[4,48,61,64,104],"technology":[5],"have":[6,51,106],"allowed":[7],"the":[8,81,90,97,112,120],"creation":[9],"of":[10,93,101],"highly":[11],"realistic":[12],"fake":[13],"media,":[14],"such":[15,29],"as":[16,30],"video,":[17],"image,":[18],"and":[19,63,72,95,125,134],"audio.":[20],"These":[21],"materials":[22],"pose":[23],"significant":[24],"challenges":[25,82],"to":[26,37,55,75,130],"human":[27],"authentication,":[28],"impersonation,":[31],"misinformation,":[32],"or":[33],"even":[34],"a":[35],"threat":[36],"national":[38],"security.":[39],"To":[40],"keep":[41],"pace":[42],"with":[43],"these":[44,67],"advancements,":[46],"several":[47],"detection":[49],"algorithms":[50],"been":[52,108],"proposed,":[53],"leading":[54],"an":[56],"ongoing":[57],"arms":[58],"race":[59],"between":[60],"creators":[62],"detectors.":[65,136],"Nevertheless,":[66],"detectors":[68],"are":[69],"often":[70],"unreliable":[71],"frequently":[73],"fail":[74],"detect":[76],"deepfakes.":[77],"This":[78],"study":[79],"highlights":[80],"they":[83],"face":[84],"detecting":[86],"deepfakes,":[87],"including":[88],"(1)":[89],"pre-processing":[91],"pipeline":[92],"artifacts":[94],"(2)":[96],"fact":[98],"that":[99],"generators":[100],"new,":[102],"unseen":[103],"samples":[105],"not":[107],"considered":[109],"when":[110],"building":[111],"defense":[113],"models.":[114],"Our":[115],"work":[116],"sheds":[117],"light":[118],"on":[119],"need":[121],"for":[122],"further":[123],"research":[124],"development":[126],"this":[128],"field":[129],"create":[131],"more":[132],"robust":[133],"reliable":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-25T23:11:45.687758","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}