{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2310264465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3592626.3592633","title":"W3Objects: Bringing Object-Oriented Technology to the Web","display_name":"W3Objects: Bringing Object-Oriented Technology to the Web","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2310264465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3592626.3592633","mag":"2310264465"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3592626.3592633","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3592626.3592633","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3592626.3592633","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on World Wide Web","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3592626.3592633","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104365460","display_name":"DB Ingham","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Ingham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112430819","display_name":"MC Little","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Little","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001687851","display_name":"SJ Caughey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve Caughey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107905900","display_name":"SK Shrivastava","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Santosh Shrivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.8566,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98980242,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"89","last_page":"105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8469799757003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.7112525105476379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.6370054483413696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency","display_name":"Concurrency","score":0.633278489112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extensibility","display_name":"Extensibility","score":0.6307910680770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-oriented-programming","display_name":"Object-oriented programming","score":0.5344492793083191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency-control","display_name":"Concurrency control","score":0.5329960584640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-application","display_name":"Web application","score":0.5269699096679688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.49524131417274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.45787522196769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-orientation","display_name":"Object-orientation","score":0.45630329847335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.4168705940246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.40581339597702026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4031725525856018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3964749872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.28765368461608887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1522558629512787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8469799757003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.7112525105476379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.6370054483413696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193702766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414548","display_name":"Concurrency","level":2,"score":0.633278489112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32833848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115054","display_name":"Extensibility","level":2,"score":0.6307910680770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73752529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79872","display_name":"Object-oriented programming","level":2,"score":0.5344492793083191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84511453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914952","display_name":"Concurrency control","level":3,"score":0.5329960584640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118643609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189210","display_name":"Web application","level":2,"score":0.5269699096679688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.49524131417274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.45787522196769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120968358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2011845","display_name":"Object-orientation","level":3,"score":0.45630329847335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4168705940246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.40581339597702026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4031725525856018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3964749872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.28765368461608887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1522558629512787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3592626.3592633","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3592626.3592633","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3592626.3592633","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on World Wide Web","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.2.3394","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.2.3394","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/research/pubs/inproceedings/../inproceedings/papers/64.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.27.4623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.27.4623","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://w3objects.ncl.ac.uk/pubs/bootw/pdf/paper.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.52.5995","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.52.5995","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arjuna.ncl.ac.uk/group/Mark.Little/../papers/p049.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2310264465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/file_store/production/158866/A9A15FE6-8F67-4F40-8198-A4F741370154.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306421067","display_name":"The Web Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"The Web Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3592626.3592633","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3592626.3592633","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3592626.3592633","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on World Wide Web","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324890","display_name":"Ministry of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/04wxm6g36"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2310264465.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2310264465.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000475900","https://openalex.org/W2027657506","https://openalex.org/W2050757208","https://openalex.org/W2164950780"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013207865","https://openalex.org/W2943854795","https://openalex.org/W2087102299","https://openalex.org/W1641167210","https://openalex.org/W2300065002","https://openalex.org/W2213149149","https://openalex.org/W2124627641","https://openalex.org/W2055083848","https://openalex.org/W1547123631","https://openalex.org/W1964557534","https://openalex.org/W2057596167","https://openalex.org/W1747899618","https://openalex.org/W2120586286","https://openalex.org/W2469060595","https://openalex.org/W3022077815","https://openalex.org/W2306177545","https://openalex.org/W343865093","https://openalex.org/W854672826","https://openalex.org/W2912277797","https://openalex.org/W2149688219"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3,95,109],"discuss":[4],"some":[5],"of":[6,9,18,49,86,118,130],"the":[7,10,16,60,91,112,116],"problems":[8,117],"current":[11],"Web":[12,25],"and":[13,22,41,51,68,102,121],"show":[14],"how":[15,108],"introduction":[17],"object-orientation":[19],"provides":[20],"flexible":[21],"extensible":[23],"solutions.":[24],"resources":[26],"become":[27],"encapsulated":[28],"as":[29,65],"objects,":[30,50],"with":[31],"well-defined":[32],"interfaces":[33,40],"through":[34,104],"which":[35,94],"all":[36],"interactions":[37],"occur.":[38],"The":[39],"their":[42],"implementations":[43],"can":[44,54,70],"be":[45,55,71],"inherited":[46],"by":[47,73],"builders":[48],"methods":[52],"(operations)":[53],"redefined":[56],"to":[57,84,114],"better":[58],"suit":[59],"object.":[61],"New":[62],"characteristics,":[63],"such":[64],"concurrency":[66],"control":[67],"persistence,":[69],"obtained":[72],"inheriting":[74],"from":[75],"suitable":[76],"base":[77],"classes,":[78],"without":[79],"necessarily":[80],"requiring":[81],"any":[82],"changes":[83],"users":[85],"these":[87,100],"resources.":[88],"We":[89,126],"describe":[90],"W3Object":[92],"model":[93,113],"have":[96,110],"developed":[97],"based":[98],"upon":[99],"ideas,":[101],"show,":[103],"a":[105],"prototype":[106],"implementation,":[107],"used":[111],"address":[115],"referential":[119],"integrity":[120],"transparent":[122],"object":[123],"(resource)":[124],"migration.":[125],"also":[127],"give":[128],"indications":[129],"future":[131],"work.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
