{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4365451524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3592615","title":"Data Augmentation-based Novel Deep Learning Method for Deepfaked Images Detection","display_name":"Data Augmentation-based Novel Deep Learning Method for Deepfaked Images Detection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4365451524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3592615"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3592615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3592615","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3592615","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19610489","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications","issn_l":"1551-6857","issn":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3592615","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068447696","display_name":"Farkhund Iqbal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9081-3598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91044093","display_name":"Zayed University","ror":"https://ror.org/03snqfa66","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Farkhund Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","College of Technological Innovation Zayed University, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Technological Innovation Zayed University, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022987254","display_name":"Ahmed Abbasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5768-7518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899713450","display_name":"Air University","ror":"https://ror.org/03yfe9v83","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Abbasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air university, Islamabad, Pakistan","Department of Creative Technology Air University, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air university, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Creative Technology Air University, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069580698","display_name":"Abdul Rehman Javed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0570-1813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56306041","display_name":"Lebanese American University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hqkan37","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56306041"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Rehman Javed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56306041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045221683","display_name":"Ahmad Almadhor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8665-1669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199702508","display_name":"Jouf University","ror":"https://ror.org/02zsyt821","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Almadhor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia","Department of Computer Engineering and Networks, College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering and Networks, College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199702508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037494059","display_name":"Zunera Jalil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2531-2564"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899713450","display_name":"Air University","ror":"https://ror.org/03yfe9v83","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zunera Jalil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air university, Islambad, Pakistan","Department of Cyber Security Air University, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air university, Islambad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cyber Security Air University, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032370620","display_name":"Sajid Anwar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3393-1656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127363","display_name":"Institute of Management Sciences Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/02m8e1r74","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127363"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajid Anwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035273426","display_name":"Imad Rida","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2789-5070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102516824","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Technologie de Compi\u00e8gne","ror":"https://ror.org/04y5kwa70","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102516824"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imad Rida","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Technology of Compi\u00e8gne, Compi\u00e8gnee, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology of Compi\u00e8gne, Compi\u00e8gnee, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102516824"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068447696"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6567,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97162963,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"11","first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7617659568786621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7415656447410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.7362178564071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.731420636177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion-matrix","display_name":"Confusion matrix","score":0.7146967053413391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.5595062971115112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5510169863700867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5245640277862549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4810043275356293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/f1-score","display_name":"F1 score","score":0.4795919954776764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion","display_name":"Confusion","score":0.4632498025894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4294111728668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.41665083169937134}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7617659568786621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7415656447410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.7362178564071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.731420636177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138602881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2709591","display_name":"Confusion matrix","level":2,"score":0.7146967053413391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.5595062971115112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5510169863700867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5245640277862549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4810043275356293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148524875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6975395","display_name":"F1 score","level":2,"score":0.4795919954776764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781140086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557945","display_name":"Confusion","level":2,"score":0.4632498025894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4294111728668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.41665083169937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3592615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3592615","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3592615","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19610489","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications","issn_l":"1551-6857","issn":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04237526v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04237526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922466","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications, 2023, &#x27E8;10.1145/3592615&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3592615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3592615","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3592615","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19610489","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications","issn_l":"1551-6857","issn":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4365451524.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4365451524.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2552104267","https://openalex.org/W2765811365","https://openalex.org/W2767825479","https://openalex.org/W2790828713","https://openalex.org/W2808763756","https://openalex.org/W2883289607","https://openalex.org/W2911424785","https://openalex.org/W2919080262","https://openalex.org/W2962949934","https://openalex.org/W2965027611","https://openalex.org/W2970340508","https://openalex.org/W2980905302","https://openalex.org/W2981803355","https://openalex.org/W3016454550","https://openalex.org/W3024671279","https://openalex.org/W3034713808","https://openalex.org/W3035063907","https://openalex.org/W3036806226","https://openalex.org/W3040168631","https://openalex.org/W3093863666","https://openalex.org/W3100270690","https://openalex.org/W3125405799","https://openalex.org/W3140428646","https://openalex.org/W3207478457","https://openalex.org/W3211099767","https://openalex.org/W4210963550","https://openalex.org/W4220724714","https://openalex.org/W4225692608","https://openalex.org/W4226088892","https://openalex.org/W4292794006","https://openalex.org/W4306845373","https://openalex.org/W4312743281","https://openalex.org/W4387654907"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093217629","https://openalex.org/W4366202965","https://openalex.org/W2349679704","https://openalex.org/W4389633859","https://openalex.org/W2570625548","https://openalex.org/W3154844368","https://openalex.org/W4200361736","https://openalex.org/W3014765288","https://openalex.org/W4372324482","https://openalex.org/W4387404299"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2,178],"artificial":[3],"intelligence":[4],"have":[5,23,40],"led":[6],"to":[7,12,27,43,81,99,142],"deepfake":[8,21,36,83,89],"images,":[9],"enabling":[10],"users":[11],"replace":[13],"a":[14,18,123],"real":[15,60,91,180],"face":[16],"with":[17,122,169],"genuine":[19],"one.":[20],"images":[22,39,61,92],"recently":[24],"been":[25,41],"used":[26,42,98,141],"malign":[28],"public":[29],"figures,":[30],"politicians,":[31],"and":[32,51,77,90,93,120,136,161,166,181],"even":[33,52],"average":[34],"citizens.":[35],"but":[37],"realistic":[38],"stir":[44],"political":[45],"dissatisfaction,":[46],"blackmail,":[47],"propagate":[48],"false":[49],"news,":[50],"carry":[53],"out":[54],"bogus":[55],"terrorist":[56],"attacks.":[57],"Thus,":[58],"identifying":[59],"from":[62],"fakes":[63],"has":[64],"got":[65],"more":[66],"challenging.":[67],"To":[68],"avoid":[69],"these":[70],"issues,":[71],"this":[72],"study":[73],"employs":[74],"transfer":[75,124],"learning":[76,108,125],"data":[78],"augmentation":[79,95],"technique":[80],"classify":[82],"images.":[84],"For":[85],"experimentation,":[86],"190,335":[87],"RGB-resolution":[88],"image":[94],"methods":[96],"are":[97,140],"prepare":[100],"the":[101,106,144,147,153],"dataset.":[102],"The":[103],"experiments":[104],"use":[105],"deep":[107],"models:":[109],"convolutional":[110],"neural":[111],"network":[112],"(CNN),":[113],"Inception":[114],"V3,":[115],"visual":[116],"geometry":[117],"group":[118],"(VGG19),":[119],"VGG16":[121,172],"approach.":[126,149],"Essential":[127],"evaluation":[128],"metrics":[129],"(accuracy,":[130],"precision,":[131,168],"recall,":[132,159],"F1-score,":[133],"confusion":[134],"matrix,":[135],"AUC-ROC":[137,162],"curve":[138],"score)":[139],"test":[143],"efficacy":[145],"of":[146,164],"proposed":[148,154],"Results":[150],"revealed":[151],"that":[152],"approach":[155],"achieves":[156],"an":[157],"accuracy,":[158],"F1-score":[160],"score":[163],"90%":[165],"91%":[167],"our":[170],"fine-tuned":[171],"model":[173],"outperforming":[174],"other":[175],"DL":[176],"models":[177],"recognizing":[179],"deepfakes.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-01T17:29:45.350535","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
