{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377981508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3592473.3592565","title":"Will Dynamic Foveation Boost Cloud VR Gaming Experience?","display_name":"Will Dynamic Foveation Boost Cloud VR Gaming Experience?","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377981508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3592473.3592565"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3592473.3592565","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3592473.3592565","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 33rd Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/c90825d6-50d1-4e4c-860c-8d52481ed64b","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082900174","display_name":"Jia-Wei Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6190-5264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jia-Wei Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009871942","display_name":"Kuan-Yu Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9450-8995"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuan-Yu Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061086814","display_name":"Teemu K\u00e4m\u00e4r\u00e4inen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4685-6763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teemu K\u00e4m\u00e4r\u00e4inen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043930285","display_name":"Matti Siekkinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0423-1060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107997","display_name":"Finland University","ror":"https://ror.org/014rks409","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107997"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matti Siekkinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","Aalto University, Espoo, Finland University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University, Espoo, Finland University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081","https://openalex.org/I4210107997","https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034696208","display_name":"Cheng-Hsin Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8116-2591"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Hsin Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082900174"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7221,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71734078,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"29","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viewport","display_name":"Viewport","score":0.9525023698806763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8140428066253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foveal","display_name":"Foveal","score":0.6695667505264282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5714942812919617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5560038685798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.5445449948310852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.4992184638977051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4905211329460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-experience","display_name":"Quality of experience","score":0.473281592130661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.35049304366111755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.31674724817276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.31438305974006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.2029789686203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.19061291217803955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1622980535030365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778090530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2523931","display_name":"Viewport","level":2,"score":0.9525023698806763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8140428066253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30181142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865103","display_name":"Foveal","level":3,"score":0.6695667505264282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5714942812919617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5560038685798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.5445449948310852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.4992184638977051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4905211329460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779333187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3132648","display_name":"Quality of experience","level":3,"score":0.473281592130661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.35049304366111755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.31674724817276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.31438305974006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.2029789686203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.19061291217803955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1622980535030365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3592473.3592565","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3592473.3592565","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 33rd Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aaltodoc.aalto.fi:123456789/125521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/c90825d6-50d1-4e4c-860c-8d52481ed64b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401662","display_name":"Aaltodoc (Aalto University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","host_organization_name":"Aalto University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"acceptedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aaltodoc.aalto.fi:123456789/125521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/c90825d6-50d1-4e4c-860c-8d52481ed64b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401662","display_name":"Aaltodoc (Aalto University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","host_organization_name":"Aalto University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"acceptedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1423800196","https://openalex.org/W1968607211","https://openalex.org/W2144366379","https://openalex.org/W2551546500","https://openalex.org/W2755643607","https://openalex.org/W3009470780","https://openalex.org/W3092773699","https://openalex.org/W3168989576","https://openalex.org/W4214531162","https://openalex.org/W6758637523"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389095575","https://openalex.org/W2908978341","https://openalex.org/W4294975495","https://openalex.org/W2992753629","https://openalex.org/W4308233970","https://openalex.org/W3161069372","https://openalex.org/W4297575873","https://openalex.org/W4285285990","https://openalex.org/W3036519337","https://openalex.org/W3036703003"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cloud":[0],"Virtual":[1],"Reality":[2],"(VR)":[3],"gaming":[4,27,106,152,183,205],"offloads":[5],"the":[6,51,63,82,93,101,114,133,172,182,194,246],"computationally-intensive":[7],"rendering":[8],"tasks":[9],"from":[10,122],"resource-limited":[11],"Head-Mounted":[12],"Displays":[13],"(HMDs)":[14],"to":[15,31,39,50,89,126,170,202,211,240],"cloud":[16,104,127,150,203,252,286],"servers,":[17,128],"which":[18,57,81,129,255],"consume":[19],"a":[20,47,159,163,212,218],"staggering":[21],"amount":[22],"of":[23,54,118,185,215,221,248],"bandwidth":[24,36],"for":[25,180],"high-quality":[26],"experiences.":[28],"One":[29],"way":[30],"cope":[32],"with":[33],"such":[34,136],"high":[35,258],"demands":[37],"is":[38,58,87],"capitalize":[40],"on":[41,124,233],"human":[42],"vision":[43],"systems":[44],"by":[45,69],"allocating":[46],"higher":[48],"bitrate":[49,219],"foveal":[52,138],"region":[53,139,143],"HMD":[55,83],"viewport,":[56],"known":[59],"as":[60,137],"foveation":[61,66,134,173,179,196,209,226,250],"in":[62,80,130,175,188,228,251,269],"literature.":[64],"Although":[65],"was":[67],"employed":[68],"remote":[70],"VR":[71,105,151,168,204,253,287],"gaming,":[72,254],"existing":[73],"open-source":[74],"projects":[75],"all":[76],"adopt":[77],"static":[78,176,208,241],"foveation,":[79,207],"gamer":[84],"gaze":[85,116],"position":[86],"assumed":[88],"be":[90],"fixed":[91],"at":[92],"viewport":[94],"center.":[95],"In":[96],"this":[97,270],"paper,":[98],"we":[99,154,198],"construct":[100],"very":[102],"first":[103],"system":[107],"that":[108,279],"supports":[109],"dynamic":[110,178,225,249],"foveation.":[111,242],"That":[112],"is,":[113],"real-time":[115],"positions":[117],"gamers":[119],"are":[120],"streamed":[121],"eye-trackers":[123],"HMDs":[125],"turn":[131],"adjust":[132],"parameters,":[135,197],"size/location":[140],"and":[141,156,177,217,261,271],"peripheral":[142],"quality":[144,260],"degradation,":[145],"accordingly.":[146],"Using":[147],"our":[148],"developed":[149,268],"system,":[153],"design":[155],"carry":[157],"out":[158],"user":[160],"study":[161],"using":[162],"game":[164],"called":[165],"Fruit":[166],"Ninja":[167],"2":[169],"find":[171],"parameters":[174],"maximizing":[181],"Quality":[184],"Experience":[186],"(QoE)":[187],"Mean":[189],"Opinion":[190],"Score":[191],"(MOS).":[192],"With":[193],"chosen":[195],"found":[199],"that,":[200],"compared":[201,239],"without":[206],"leads":[210],"MOS":[213,234],"increase":[214,232],"0.60":[216,231],"reduction":[220],"8.71%.":[222],"Furthermore,":[223],"adopting":[224],"results":[227],"an":[229],"additional":[230],"while":[235],"saving":[236],"9.81%":[237],"bitrate,":[238],"Our":[243],"findings":[244],"demonstrate":[245],"potential":[247],"dictates":[256],"both":[257],"visual":[259],"short":[262],"response":[263],"time.":[264],"The":[265],"optimization":[266],"techniques":[267],"follow-up":[272],"work":[273],"could":[274],"benefit":[275],"other":[276],"cloud-rendered":[277],"applications":[278],"typically":[280],"have":[281],"less":[282],"strict":[283],"requirements":[284],"than":[285],"gaming.":[288]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-01T17:29:45.350535","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}