{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379533994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3591242","title":"Context Sensitivity without Contexts: A Cut-Shortcut Approach to Fast and Precise Pointer Analysis","display_name":"Context Sensitivity without Contexts: A Cut-Shortcut Approach to Fast and Precise Pointer Analysis","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379533994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3591242"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3591242","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3591242","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3591242","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3591242","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101763103","display_name":"Wenjie Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9134-1980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenjie Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9134-1980","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022573881","display_name":"Sheng-Yuan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3298-7999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengyuan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3298-7999","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007391734","display_name":"Tian Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3792-1237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3792-1237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041674680","display_name":"Xiaoxing Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7970-1384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxing Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7970-1384","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052203980","display_name":"Chang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6299-4704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6299-4704","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107249156","display_name":"Yue Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1285-2298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1285-2298","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101763103"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2919,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95470599,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"PLDI","first_page":"539","last_page":"564"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pointer-analysis","display_name":"Pointer analysis","score":0.9304885864257812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8264440298080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pointer","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","score":0.753364086151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.644929051399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.5776070356369019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heap","display_name":"Heap (data structure)","score":0.5733723640441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/call-graph","display_name":"Call graph","score":0.545235812664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.5284956097602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3675019145011902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-analysis","display_name":"Static analysis","score":0.32554757595062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3193929195404053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3169179856777191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17441919445991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1321968138217926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.09426847100257874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7263679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5978076","display_name":"Pointer analysis","level":3,"score":0.9304885864257812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8264440298080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150202949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107602","display_name":"Pointer (user interface)","level":2,"score":0.753364086151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.644929051399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.5776070356369019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134757568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274089","display_name":"Heap (data structure)","level":2,"score":0.5733723640441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102379954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2589940","display_name":"Call graph","level":2,"score":0.545235812664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.5284956097602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3675019145011902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97686452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604153","display_name":"Static analysis","level":2,"score":0.32554757595062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3193929195404053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3169179856777191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17441919445991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1321968138217926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.09426847100257874}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3591242","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3591242","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3591242","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3591242","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3591242","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3591242","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1888249465","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61932021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2131628907","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20202001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6207416481","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20202001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7268762225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62025202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4379533994.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4379533994.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W100599422","https://openalex.org/W148396834","https://openalex.org/W1517071433","https://openalex.org/W1557543533","https://openalex.org/W1966032455","https://openalex.org/W1971327145","https://openalex.org/W1971859150","https://openalex.org/W1989969759","https://openalex.org/W2044870852","https://openalex.org/W2051527230","https://openalex.org/W2093080079","https://openalex.org/W2094716892","https://openalex.org/W2114337691","https://openalex.org/W2122745100","https://openalex.org/W2162544703","https://openalex.org/W2166091242","https://openalex.org/W2166743230","https://openalex.org/W2204346447","https://openalex.org/W2294292201","https://openalex.org/W2295857493","https://openalex.org/W2508295954","https://openalex.org/W2553375745","https://openalex.org/W2556634892","https://openalex.org/W2593885725","https://openalex.org/W2621822648","https://openalex.org/W2626029330","https://openalex.org/W2761799536","https://openalex.org/W2763994238","https://openalex.org/W2898232260","https://openalex.org/W2898502769","https://openalex.org/W2899357780","https://openalex.org/W2912827714","https://openalex.org/W2950121745","https://openalex.org/W2980018082","https://openalex.org/W3008974726","https://openalex.org/W3009007914","https://openalex.org/W3030148664","https://openalex.org/W3033653001","https://openalex.org/W3033818254","https://openalex.org/W3100198463","https://openalex.org/W3109474872","https://openalex.org/W3141181691","https://openalex.org/W3174544859","https://openalex.org/W3185057029","https://openalex.org/W3185514416","https://openalex.org/W3205951184","https://openalex.org/W3207476902","https://openalex.org/W4206047963","https://openalex.org/W4206770190","https://openalex.org/W4220988444","https://openalex.org/W4225793633","https://openalex.org/W4235278598","https://openalex.org/W4243644740","https://openalex.org/W4247889999","https://openalex.org/W4251478049","https://openalex.org/W4300810260","https://openalex.org/W4301151395","https://openalex.org/W6950564001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2296034340","https://openalex.org/W2622138879","https://openalex.org/W2109005061","https://openalex.org/W4233102183","https://openalex.org/W2213281886","https://openalex.org/W2120308515","https://openalex.org/W3121955897","https://openalex.org/W1634343840","https://openalex.org/W2729473725","https://openalex.org/W3206713834"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"the":[1,12,18,27,46,54,116,121,127,134,179,203,221,239,243,253,287,312,316,321,328,339,380,418],"past":[2],"decades,":[3],"context":[4,32,86,138,256,356,370],"sensitivity":[5,33,87,139,257,371],"has":[6],"been":[7,98,196,386],"considered":[8],"as":[9,75],"one":[10,308],"of":[11,20,49,53,137,182,205,255,298],"most":[13,359],"effective":[14,412],"ideas":[15],"for":[16,23,44,101,167,173,300,306,311,320,358,379,397,409,415],"improving":[17],"precision":[19,73,225,365,395],"pointer":[21,103,171,208,303,413],"analysis":[22,104,172,304,414],"Java.":[24,174],"Different":[25],"from":[26,202,235],"extremely":[28,346],"fast":[29,168],"context-insensitivity":[30],"approach,":[31],"requires":[34],"every":[35],"program":[36,264],"method":[37,68,77,244],"to":[38,105,115,189,227,238,272,352,369,388],"be":[39,215],"analyzed":[40,82],"under":[41,83,185],"different":[42,50,163,186],"contexts":[43,113,187],"separating":[45],"static":[47],"abstractions":[48],"dynamic":[51],"instantiations":[52],"method\u2019s":[55],"variables":[56],"and":[57,60,81,107,169,230,266,276,284,315,324,330,394,401],"heap":[58],"objects,":[59],"thus":[61,143],"reducing":[62],"spurious":[63,191],"object":[64,192],"flows":[65,193],"introduced":[66],"by":[67,111,217],"calls.":[69],"However,":[70],"despite":[71],"great":[72],"benefits,":[74],"each":[76,84],"is":[78,177,188,349,367,378],"equivalently":[79],"cloned":[80],"context,":[85],"brings":[88],"heavy":[89],"efficiency":[90,146,393],"costs.":[91],"Recently,":[92],"numerous":[93],"selective":[94,128],"context-sensitive":[95],"approaches":[96,129],"have":[97,195,385],"put":[99],"forth":[100],"scaling":[102],"large":[106,329],"complex":[108,331],"Java":[109,319,416],"programs":[110,332,361],"applying":[112],"only":[114],"selected":[117],"methods":[118,184],"while":[119,362],"analyzing":[120],"remaining":[122],"ones":[123,241],"context-insensitively;":[124],"however,":[125],"because":[126],"do":[130,141],"not":[131,142],"fundamentally":[132,162],"alter":[133],"primary":[135],"methodology":[136],"(and":[140],"remove":[144],"its":[145],"bottleneck),":[147],"they":[148],"produce":[149],"much":[150],"improved":[151],"but":[152],"still":[153],"limited":[154],"results.":[155],"In":[156],"this":[157],"work,":[158],"we":[159,250,294,325,384,402],"present":[160],"a":[161,199,206,248,391],"approach":[164],"called":[165],"Cut-Shortcut":[166,299,348,404],"precise":[170],"Its":[175],"insight":[176],"simple:":[178],"main":[180],"effect":[181,213,254],"cloning":[183],"filter":[190],"that":[194,223,337,366,383],"merged":[197],"inside":[198],"callee":[200],"method;":[201],"view":[204],"typical":[207],"flow":[209],"graph":[210],"(PFG),":[211],"such":[212,390],"can":[214,251],"simulated":[216],"cutting":[218],"off":[219,275],"(Cut)":[220],"edges":[222,233,279],"introduce":[224],"loss":[226],"certain":[228],"pointers":[229,237],"adding":[231],"Shortcut":[232],"directly":[234],"source":[236],"target":[240],"circumventing":[242],"on":[245,270,280],"PFG.":[246],"As":[247],"result,":[249],"achieve":[252,389],"without":[258],"contexts.":[259],"We":[260],"identify":[261],"three":[262],"general":[263],"patterns":[265],"develop":[267],"algorithms":[268],"based":[269],"them":[271,283],"safely":[273],"cut":[274],"add":[277],"shortcut":[278],"PFG,":[281],"formalize":[282],"formally":[285],"prove":[286],"soundness.":[288],"To":[289],"comprehensively":[290],"validate":[291],"Cut-Shortcut\u2019s":[292],"effectiveness,":[293],"implement":[295],"two":[296,301],"versions":[297],"state-of-the-art":[302],"frameworks":[305],"Java,":[307],"in":[309,318,334,374,417],"Datalog":[310],"declarative":[313],"Doop":[314],"other":[317],"imperative":[322],"Tai-e,":[323],"consider":[326],"all":[327],"used":[333],"recent":[335],"literatures":[336],"meet":[338],"experimental":[340],"requirements.":[341],"The":[342],"evaluation":[343],"results":[344],"are":[345],"promising:":[347],"even":[350],"able":[351,387],"run":[353],"faster":[354],"than":[355],"insensitivity":[357],"evaluated":[360],"obtaining":[363],"high":[364],"comparable":[368],"(if":[372],"scalable)":[373],"both":[375],"frameworks.":[376],"This":[377],"first":[381],"time":[382],"good":[392],"trade-off":[396],"those":[398],"hard-to-analyze":[399],"programs,":[400],"hope":[403],"could":[405],"offer":[406],"new":[407],"perspectives":[408],"developing":[410],"more":[411],"future.":[419]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-28T09:10:13.091523","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}