{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381104137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3591196.3593515","title":"The Prompt Artists","display_name":"The Prompt Artists","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381104137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3591196.3593515"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3591196.3593515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3591196.3593515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306418137","display_name":"Creativity and Cognition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Creativity and Cognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3591196.3593515","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084721447","display_name":"Minsuk Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9441-3337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Minsuk Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research, Google, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9441-3337","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research, Google, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062766716","display_name":"Stefania Druga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5475-8437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefania Druga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Labs, Google, United States and Information School, University of Washington, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5475-8437","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Labs, Google, United States and Information School, University of Washington, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081074062","display_name":"Alexander J. Fiannaca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8981-1114"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander J. Fiannaca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research, Google, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8981-1114","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research, Google, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067145062","display_name":"Pedro Vergani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0305-319X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113297","display_name":"Google (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024bc3e07","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210113297","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Vergani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0305-319X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113297"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078443228","display_name":"Chinmay Kulkarni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-6601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chinmay Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research, Google, United States and Computer Science Department, Emory University, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-6601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research, Google, United States and Computer Science Department, Emory University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065663195","display_name":"Carrie J. Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-7128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carrie J Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research, Google, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-7128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research, Google, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015483503","display_name":"Michael Terry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1941-939X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Terry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research, Google, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1941-939X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research, Google, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084721447"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.1556,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":1.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"75","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12650","display_name":"Aesthetic Perception and Analysis","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12650","display_name":"Aesthetic Perception and Analysis","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13216","display_name":"Artistic and Creative Research","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.684659481048584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.6143709421157837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.6093153357505798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5787827968597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-arts","display_name":"Visual arts","score":0.4911958873271942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-editing","display_name":"Image editing","score":0.49029257893562317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.48163121938705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.47208234667778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4720257818698883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/style","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","score":0.41815850138664246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.3229712247848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2503533959388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.2210899293422699}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.684659481048584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.6143709421157837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.6093153357505798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5787827968597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.4911958873271942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776674983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q545981","display_name":"Image editing","level":3,"score":0.49029257893562317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.48163121938705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47208234667778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4720257818698883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.41815850138664246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3229712247848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2503533959388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2210899293422699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3591196.3593515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3591196.3593515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306418137","display_name":"Creativity and Cognition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Creativity and Cognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3591196.3593515","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3591196.3593515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306418137","display_name":"Creativity and Cognition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Creativity and Cognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084640692","https://openalex.org/W2312415298","https://openalex.org/W2333722819","https://openalex.org/W2757467360","https://openalex.org/W2796000004","https://openalex.org/W2892181857","https://openalex.org/W2909608214","https://openalex.org/W2911664431","https://openalex.org/W2917855746","https://openalex.org/W2951166214","https://openalex.org/W2955678056","https://openalex.org/W2962750014","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963143316","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963820570","https://openalex.org/W2963920537","https://openalex.org/W2969020539","https://openalex.org/W3021157314","https://openalex.org/W3031000691","https://openalex.org/W3031192630","https://openalex.org/W3032790983","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3099153456","https://openalex.org/W3130295820","https://openalex.org/W3157485926","https://openalex.org/W3161188800","https://openalex.org/W3175297824","https://openalex.org/W3176714309","https://openalex.org/W4205336583","https://openalex.org/W4224035735","https://openalex.org/W4225126561","https://openalex.org/W4281485151","https://openalex.org/W4283388932","https://openalex.org/W4287643030","https://openalex.org/W4299510085","https://openalex.org/W4301489422","https://openalex.org/W4312933868"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2380075625","https://openalex.org/W4311681673","https://openalex.org/W3217114251","https://openalex.org/W2356229341","https://openalex.org/W4237784285","https://openalex.org/W2349768204","https://openalex.org/W3042772878","https://openalex.org/W3096509145","https://openalex.org/W2353725049","https://openalex.org/W4386160398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,13,31,36,50,54,96,136],"art":[4,91,114],"practices,":[5],"artwork,":[6],"and":[7,22,34,53,70,161],"motivations":[8],"of":[9,12,16,30,39,64,145],"prolific":[10],"users":[11],"latest":[14],"generation":[15],"text-to-image":[17],"models.":[18],"Through":[19],"interviews,":[20],"observations,":[21],"a":[23,28,62],"user":[24],"survey,":[25],"we":[26,152],"present":[27],"sampling":[29],"artistic":[32,65,143],"styles":[33,144],"describe":[35,125],"developed":[37,87],"community":[38,101],"practice":[40],"around":[41],"generative":[42,90],"AI.":[43],"We":[44,93,127],"find":[45,122,129],"that:":[46],"1)":[47],"artists":[48,107,132],"hold":[49],"text":[51],"prompt":[52,72],"resulting":[55],"image":[56,162],"can":[57,139],"be":[58,140],"considered":[59],"collectively":[60],"as":[61,68],"form":[63],"expression":[66],"(prompts":[67,74],"art),":[69],"2)":[71],"templates":[73],"with":[75,82],"\u201cslots\u201d":[76],"for":[77,156],"others":[78],"to":[79,88,106,111,121,124],"fill":[80],"in":[81,135],"their":[83,146],"own":[84,147],"words)":[85],"are":[86],"create":[89],"styles.":[92],"discover":[94],"that":[95,130,138],"value":[97],"placed":[98],"by":[99,117],"this":[100],"on":[102],"unique":[103],"outputs":[104],"leads":[105],"seeking":[108],"specialized":[109],"vocabulary":[110],"produce":[112],"distinctive":[113],"pieces":[115],"(e.g.,":[116],"reading":[118],"architectural":[119],"blogs":[120],"phrases":[123],"images).":[126],"also":[128],"some":[131],"use":[133],"\u201cglitches\u201d":[134],"model":[137],"turned":[141],"into":[142],"right.":[148],"From":[149],"these":[150],"findings,":[151],"outline":[153],"specific":[154],"implications":[155],"design":[157],"regarding":[158],"future":[159],"prompting":[160],"editing":[163],"options.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2023-06-18T00:00:00"}