{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4364361809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3590153","title":"A Multi-tenant Key-value SSD with Secondary Index for Search Query Processing and Analysis","display_name":"A Multi-tenant Key-value SSD with Secondary Index for Search Query Processing and Analysis","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4364361809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3590153"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3590153","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3590153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005461365","display_name":"Donghyun Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6043-9264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donghyun Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6043-9264","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353407","display_name":"Kihyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8424-002X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kihyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8424-002X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049409678","display_name":"Chaewon Moon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0498-2234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaewon Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0498-2234","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085960321","display_name":"Awais Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2603-3516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Awais Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2603-3516","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100734811","display_name":"Seungjin Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5002-3337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungjin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5002-3337","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108834179","display_name":"Changhwan Yun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10654025","display_name":"SK Group (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00qajw440","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10654025","https://openalex.org/I134353371"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changhwan Yun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Memory System R&amp;D, SK Hynix"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7136-2642","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Memory System R&amp;D, SK Hynix","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10654025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066717095","display_name":"Woosuk Chung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9375-8931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10654025","display_name":"SK Group (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00qajw440","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10654025","https://openalex.org/I134353371"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woosuk Chung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Memory System R&amp;D, SK Hynix"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9375-8931","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Memory System R&amp;D, SK Hynix","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10654025"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100458491","display_name":"Youngjae Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8786-3850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148751991","display_name":"Sogang University","ror":"https://ror.org/056tn4839","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youngjae Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8786-3850","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sogang University, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148751991"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3793,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58501954,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/namespace","display_name":"Namespace","score":0.9369572401046753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7937096357345581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6215043067932129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.5033990740776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.48852360248565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.4710678458213806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.38328081369400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.21035906672477722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.14188668131828308}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778383056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q873636","display_name":"Namespace","level":2,"score":0.9369572401046753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7937096357345581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6215043067932129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.5033990740776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.48852360248565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.4710678458213806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.38328081369400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.21035906672477722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.14188668131828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3590153","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3590153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5194536489","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2021R1A2C2014386","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317879","display_name":"SK Hynix","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W139627331","https://openalex.org/W1479339259","https://openalex.org/W1967907280","https://openalex.org/W1981420413","https://openalex.org/W1985229168","https://openalex.org/W2032756564","https://openalex.org/W2053480238","https://openalex.org/W2067080594","https://openalex.org/W2068739275","https://openalex.org/W2087946700","https://openalex.org/W2088306184","https://openalex.org/W2109597634","https://openalex.org/W2143339817","https://openalex.org/W2198407343","https://openalex.org/W2725179571","https://openalex.org/W2766040387","https://openalex.org/W2798536345","https://openalex.org/W2950590973","https://openalex.org/W2976671949","https://openalex.org/W3085111528","https://openalex.org/W3135704582","https://openalex.org/W3165918172","https://openalex.org/W3166292164","https://openalex.org/W3186715194","https://openalex.org/W4232385523","https://openalex.org/W4236504400","https://openalex.org/W4247512567","https://openalex.org/W4254773538","https://openalex.org/W4312038589"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093239037","https://openalex.org/W2348101466","https://openalex.org/W1991645216","https://openalex.org/W2413339343","https://openalex.org/W2122688963","https://openalex.org/W2329452785","https://openalex.org/W2356380379","https://openalex.org/W2912850104","https://openalex.org/W2028024605","https://openalex.org/W2363240318"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Key-value":[0],"SSDs":[1],"(KVSSDs)":[2],"introduced":[3],"so":[4],"far":[5],"are":[6,154,171],"limited":[7],"in":[8,90],"their":[9],"use":[10,39],"as":[11],"an":[12],"alternative":[13],"to":[14,23,127,177,187,197],"the":[15,20,24,38,106,139,165],"key-value":[16],"store":[17],"running":[18],"on":[19,47,164],"host":[21],"due":[22],"following":[25],"technical":[26],"limitations.":[27],"First,":[28],"they":[29,44],"were":[30],"designed":[31],"only":[32],"for":[33,50,87,97,119,199],"a":[34,59,73,91,111],"single":[35,112],"tenant,":[36],"limiting":[37],"of":[40,61],"multiple":[41,88,172],"tenants.":[42,120],"Second,":[43],"mainly":[45],"focused":[46],"designing":[48],"indexes":[49,118,126],"primary":[51,62],"key-based":[52],"searches,":[53],"without":[54],"supporting":[55],"various":[56],"queries":[57,148,152],"using":[58],"combination":[60],"key":[63],"and":[64,84,94,109,133,149,158,182],"non-primary":[65,99,129,145,200],"attribute-based":[66,100,130,146,201],"searches.":[67],"This":[68],"article":[69],"proposes":[70],"Cerberus":[71,104,121,143,163,174,190],",":[72],"Log":[74],"Structured":[75],"Merged":[76],"(LSM)":[77],"tree-based":[78],"KVSSD":[79],"armed":[80],"with":[81,156],"(1)":[82],"namespace":[83,108],"performance":[85],"isolation":[86],"tenants":[89],"multi-tenant":[92],"environment":[93],"(2)":[95],"capability":[96],"processing":[98],"search":[101,135,147,157],"queries.":[102,202],"Specifically,":[103],"identifies":[105],"tenant\u2019s":[107],"splits":[110],"large":[113],"LSM-tree":[114,117,125],"into":[115],"namespace-specific":[116],"also":[122,191],"manages":[123],"secondary":[124],"enable":[128],"data":[131],"access":[132],"fast":[134],"query":[136],"processing.":[137],"With":[138],"SSD-internal":[140],"CPU/DRAM":[141],"resources,":[142],"supports":[144],"handles":[150],"complex":[151],"that":[153],"combined":[155],"computing":[159],"operations.":[160],"We":[161],"prototyped":[162],"Cosmos+":[166],"OpenSSD":[167],"platform.":[168],"When":[169],"there":[170],"tenants,":[173],"exhibits":[175],"up":[176,196],"2.9\u00d7":[178],"higher":[179],"read":[180],"throughput":[181],"negligible":[183],"write":[184],"overhead":[185],"compared":[186],"existing":[188],"KVSSD.":[189],"shows":[192],"lower":[193],"latency":[194],"by":[195],"9.31\u00d7":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
