{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396723388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3589334.3645409","title":"Understanding GDPR Non-Compliance in Privacy Policies of Alexa Skills in European Marketplaces","display_name":"Understanding GDPR Non-Compliance in Privacy Policies of Alexa Skills in European Marketplaces","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396723388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3589334.3645409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3589334.3645409","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3589334.3645409","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2024","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3589334.3645409","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028044541","display_name":"Song Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5264-7573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Song Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082422207","display_name":"Mohammed Aldeen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7603-0765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Aldeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007247586","display_name":"Jingwen Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5193-2107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingwen Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101995085","display_name":"Long Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4819-5406"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400376","display_name":"Xiapu Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiapu Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076081056","display_name":"Haipeng Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5224-9970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72951846","display_name":"Washington State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haipeng Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056657952","display_name":"Hongxin Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8710-247X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongxin Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028044541"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5468,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95261338,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1081","last_page":"1091"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/publication","display_name":"Publication","score":0.6466430425643921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6282662153244019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5755822062492371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compliance","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","score":0.5642384886741638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-collection","display_name":"Data collection","score":0.5100880265235901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-data-protection-regulation","display_name":"General Data Protection Regulation","score":0.5073546767234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.48372533917427063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-policy","display_name":"Privacy policy","score":0.4582189619541168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4286915957927704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3604024350643158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-protection-act-1998","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","score":0.3397016227245331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3136650621891022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.11147147417068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.09449857473373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.0674477219581604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41458344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732577","display_name":"Publication","level":2,"score":0.6466430425643921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6282662153244019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5755822062492371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781460075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399332","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5642384886741638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.5100880265235901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3090818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172506","display_name":"General Data Protection Regulation","level":3,"score":0.5073546767234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.48372533917427063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102938260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1999831","display_name":"Privacy policy","level":3,"score":0.4582189619541168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4286915957927704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3604024350643158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69360830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172237","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","level":2,"score":0.3397016227245331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3136650621891022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11147147417068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.09449857473373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0674477219581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3589334.3645409","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3589334.3645409","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2024","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3589334.3645409","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3589334.3645409","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2024","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8093995768","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B00236-1220-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","funder_display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005708641","https://openalex.org/W2076063813","https://openalex.org/W2798397723","https://openalex.org/W2801982182","https://openalex.org/W2914630606","https://openalex.org/W2963511536","https://openalex.org/W2964378348","https://openalex.org/W2969238072","https://openalex.org/W2999830435","https://openalex.org/W3012726906","https://openalex.org/W3081818170","https://openalex.org/W3096559598","https://openalex.org/W3112086075","https://openalex.org/W3114076591","https://openalex.org/W3128281363","https://openalex.org/W3139099451","https://openalex.org/W3156874074","https://openalex.org/W4224312274","https://openalex.org/W4224940275","https://openalex.org/W4281384987","https://openalex.org/W4300072878","https://openalex.org/W4307823722","https://openalex.org/W4313563535","https://openalex.org/W4313563705","https://openalex.org/W4313563723","https://openalex.org/W4386721703","https://openalex.org/W4387857621","https://openalex.org/W6754404224"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2917102635","https://openalex.org/W3023256691","https://openalex.org/W2789497412","https://openalex.org/W2883729192","https://openalex.org/W2910484607","https://openalex.org/W3156135475","https://openalex.org/W2799236100","https://openalex.org/W4226141377","https://openalex.org/W2120513799","https://openalex.org/W3214713579"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Amazon":[0,36],"Alexa":[1,26,37],"is":[2],"one":[3],"of":[4,33],"the":[5,25,31,90],"largest":[6],"Voice":[7],"Personal":[8],"Assistant":[9],"(VPA)":[10],"platforms":[11],"and":[12,45,76,95],"it":[13],"allows":[14,46],"third-party":[15],"developers":[16,47],"to":[17,24,48,61,88,93],"publish":[18,49],"their":[19,52],"voice":[20],"apps,":[21],"named":[22],"skills,":[23],"skill":[27,41],"store.":[28],"To":[29],"satisfy":[30],"needs":[32],"European":[34,57],"users,":[35],"has":[38],"established":[39],"multiple":[40],"marketplaces":[42,58],"in":[43,51,56],"Europe":[44],"skills":[50],"native":[53],"languages.":[54],"Skills":[55,78],"are":[59],"required":[60],"comply":[62],"with":[63],"GDPR":[64,97],"(General":[65],"Data":[66],"Protection":[67],"Regulation),":[68],"which":[69],"imposes":[70],"strict":[71],"obligations":[72],"on":[73],"data":[74,81,91],"collection":[75,82],"processing.":[77],"that":[79],"involve":[80],"should":[83],"provide":[84],"a":[85],"privacy":[86],"policy":[87],"disclose":[89],"practice":[92],"users":[94],"meet":[96],"requirements.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}