{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385415883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3589012.3594898","title":"Evaluating Unbalanced Network Data for Attack Detection","display_name":"Evaluating Unbalanced Network Data for Attack Detection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385415883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3589012.3594898"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3589012.3594898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3589012.3594898","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3589012.3594898","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 on Systems and Network Telemetry and Analytics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3589012.3594898","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042608888","display_name":"Donghwoon Kwon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7048-3579"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45536552","display_name":"North Central College","ror":"https://ror.org/02ehan050","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45536552"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Donghwoon Kwon","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Central College, Naperville, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7048-3579","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Central College, Naperville, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45536552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092780660","display_name":"Rares-Mihail Neagu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7671-405X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45536552","display_name":"North Central College","ror":"https://ror.org/02ehan050","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45536552"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rares-Mihail Neagu","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Central College, Naperville, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7671-405X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Central College, Naperville, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45536552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092780661","display_name":"Prem Rasakonda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6061-3773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206651237","display_name":"East Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01red3556","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206651237"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prem Rasakonda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, Commerce, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6061-3773","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, Commerce, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206651237"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108014455","display_name":"Jeong-Tak Ryu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5951-807X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9323808","display_name":"Daegu University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqccq48","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9323808"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeong Tak Ryu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Daegu University, Gyeongsan-si, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5951-807X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Daegu University, Gyeongsan-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9323808"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101877231","display_name":"Jinoh Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-1866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206651237","display_name":"East Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01red3556","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206651237"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinoh Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, Commerce, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-1866","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, Commerce, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206651237"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042608888"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45536552"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5903,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68122301,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"23","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7766573429107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.6325973868370056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6193928122520447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5909188985824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5801529884338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5675579309463501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5499364137649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5137201547622681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.49806904792785645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.49620968103408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4439780116081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.4147423505783081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32297417521476746}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7766573429107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.6325973868370056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6193928122520447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5909188985824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5801529884338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5675579309463501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5499364137649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5137201547622681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.49806904792785645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.49620968103408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4439780116081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.4147423505783081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32297417521476746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3589012.3594898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3589012.3594898","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3589012.3594898","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 on Systems and Network Telemetry and Analytics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3589012.3594898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3589012.3594898","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3589012.3594898","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 on Systems and Network Telemetry and Analytics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385415883.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385415883.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3043530913","https://openalex.org/W3196382900","https://openalex.org/W3208904656","https://openalex.org/W4283259863","https://openalex.org/W4306650020","https://openalex.org/W4310206563","https://openalex.org/W4312673452"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081900870","https://openalex.org/W2068608913","https://openalex.org/W3124914020","https://openalex.org/W2141033859","https://openalex.org/W2077542787","https://openalex.org/W2071701083","https://openalex.org/W2383687187","https://openalex.org/W2156434174","https://openalex.org/W2121496884","https://openalex.org/W2387910809"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,17,67],"study":[1],"analyzes":[2],"recent":[3],"network":[4,14,42],"data":[5,50],"(HIKARI-2021)":[6],"collected":[7],"in":[8],"2021,":[9],"with":[10,27,54,143],"a":[11,56,82],"focus":[12],"on":[13],"anomaly":[15],"detection.":[16],"initial":[18],"work":[19],"reports":[20],"our":[21,137],"evaluation":[22],"results":[23,142],"and":[24,31,40,87],"observations":[25],"performed":[26],"Machine":[28],"Learning":[29,33],"(ML)":[30],"Deep":[32],"(DL)":[34],"techniques,":[35],"including":[36],"tree-based":[37],"ensemble":[38],"methods":[39],"neural":[41],"structures.":[43],"The":[44],"first":[45],"observation":[46,115],"is":[47,51,85,116,123],"that":[48,117],"the":[49,90,99,111,130,140],"highly":[52,124],"unbalanced,":[53],"only":[55],"small":[57],"number":[58],"of":[59,77,101,108,129,139],"attack":[60,64,121],"instances":[61],"(normal":[62],"vs.":[63],"=":[65],"93%:7%).":[66],"class":[68],"imbalance":[69],"affects":[70],"learning":[71,112],"performance":[72,91],"considerably,":[73],"showing":[74,126],"an":[75,144],"F-measure":[76],"69.98%":[78],"at":[79,133],"best.":[80,134],"Applying":[81],"sampling":[83],"strategy":[84],"beneficial":[86],"significantly":[88],"improves":[89],"by":[92],"up":[93],"to":[94],"99.64%.":[95],"We":[96,135],"also":[97],"examine":[98],"feasibility":[100],"zero-day":[102],"detection":[103],"(identifying":[104],"previously":[105,119],"unseen":[106],"types":[107,122],"attacks)":[109],"using":[110],"models.":[113],"Our":[114],"detecting":[118],"untrained":[120],"challenging,":[125],"approximately":[127],"70%":[128],"F1":[131],"score":[132],"provide":[136],"analysis":[138],"experimental":[141],"embedding-based":[145],"visualization":[146],"tool":[147],"(t-distributed":[148],"stochastic":[149],"neighbor":[150],"embedding).":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}