{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377016488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588967.3588970","title":"Are Female Chatbots More Empathic? - Discussing Gendered Conversational Agent through Empathic Design","display_name":"Are Female Chatbots More Empathic? - Discussing Gendered Conversational Agent through Empathic Design","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377016488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588967.3588970"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3588967.3588970","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588967.3588970","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588967.3588970","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Empathy-Centric Design Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588967.3588970","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103274590","display_name":"Ji-Youn Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9896-1760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji-Youn Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knowledge and Intelligence Design, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9896-1760","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge and Intelligence Design, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028101938","display_name":"Alessandro Bozzon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-2913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Bozzon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knowledge and Intelligence Design, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-2913","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge and Intelligence Design, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0805,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77770915,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empathy","display_name":"Empathy","score":0.8478090763092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatbot","display_name":"Chatbot","score":0.6307568550109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphor","display_name":"Metaphor","score":0.5587980151176453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5077575445175171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empathic-concern","display_name":"Empathic concern","score":0.48131096363067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machiavellianism","display_name":"Machiavellianism","score":0.42710453271865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3808322548866272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3678058981895447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.3567245602607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective-taking","display_name":"Perspective-taking","score":0.20079955458641052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.17046549916267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-five-personality-traits","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","score":0.14586549997329712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality","display_name":"Personality","score":0.10079190135002136}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182263","display_name":"Empathy","level":2,"score":0.8478090763092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779041454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870780","display_name":"Chatbot","level":2,"score":0.6307568550109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18534","display_name":"Metaphor","level":2,"score":0.5587980151176453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5077575445175171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778251646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5373833","display_name":"Empathic concern","level":4,"score":0.48131096363067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779989997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67492016","display_name":"Machiavellianism","level":4,"score":0.42710453271865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3808322548866272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3678058981895447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3567245602607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780342009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18387795","display_name":"Perspective-taking","level":3,"score":0.20079955458641052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.17046549916267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.14586549997329712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.10079190135002136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3588967.3588970","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588967.3588970","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588967.3588970","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Empathy-Centric Design Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:a14cf8e2-e79e-492b-8ae0-4a0c9a2090b8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a14cf8e2-e79e-492b-8ae0-4a0c9a2090b8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3588967.3588970","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588967.3588970","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588967.3588970","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Empathy-Centric Design Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4377016488.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W103982469","https://openalex.org/W1498101430","https://openalex.org/W2010943014","https://openalex.org/W2042295811","https://openalex.org/W2052969768","https://openalex.org/W2084922063","https://openalex.org/W2086935212","https://openalex.org/W2129491278","https://openalex.org/W2156897926","https://openalex.org/W2182854643","https://openalex.org/W2305044860","https://openalex.org/W2345170862","https://openalex.org/W2611049140","https://openalex.org/W2623779865","https://openalex.org/W2754425142","https://openalex.org/W2760400867","https://openalex.org/W2773170638","https://openalex.org/W2792441573","https://openalex.org/W2893032043","https://openalex.org/W2897690397","https://openalex.org/W2940884072","https://openalex.org/W2963270767","https://openalex.org/W2978909187","https://openalex.org/W3009335665","https://openalex.org/W3043304131","https://openalex.org/W3047508744","https://openalex.org/W3121822553","https://openalex.org/W3123393030","https://openalex.org/W3136871948","https://openalex.org/W3160907309","https://openalex.org/W3163805553","https://openalex.org/W3170155921","https://openalex.org/W3194963062","https://openalex.org/W4210317484","https://openalex.org/W4225108150","https://openalex.org/W4293205307"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4221038490","https://openalex.org/W2531528802","https://openalex.org/W2912777680","https://openalex.org/W616609976","https://openalex.org/W2122241274","https://openalex.org/W3174504432","https://openalex.org/W2979334945","https://openalex.org/W2596791684","https://openalex.org/W2000120390","https://openalex.org/W2889821152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Studies":[0],"have":[1],"shown":[2],"that":[3,123,129],"feminine":[4,63],"chatbots":[5,26,50,66,88],"are":[6,27],"perceived":[7],"as":[8],"warmer":[9],"(e.g.,":[10,35],"likable,":[11],"friendly)":[12],"and":[13,83,89,113],"imbue":[14],"more":[15],"humanness":[16],"to":[17,45,65,67,94],"a":[18,52],"machine":[19],"than":[20],"masculine":[21],"or":[22,40],"gender-androgynous":[23],"chatbots.":[24,102],"As":[25],"being":[28],"widely":[29],"deployed":[30],"in":[31,55],"various":[32],"empathic":[33,57,69,81],"contexts":[34],"revealing":[36],"sensitive":[37],"personal":[38],"information":[39],"facilitating":[41],"charity":[42],"donations),":[43],"how":[44,90],"design":[46,58,96,111,128],"the":[47,56,77,84,95,98,101,105,109],"gender":[48,85,127],"of":[49,87,97,100],"remains":[51],"critical":[53],"question":[54],"community.":[59],"Should":[60],"designers":[61],"assign":[62],"identities":[64],"improve":[68],"reactions?":[70],"In":[71],"this":[72],"position":[73],"paper,":[74],"we":[75,107],"explore":[76],"tension":[78],"between":[79],"designing":[80],"agents":[82],"assignment":[86],"they":[91],"can":[92],"relate":[93],"metaphor":[99],"After":[103],"analyzing":[104],"problem,":[106],"discuss":[108],"possible":[110,119],"strategy":[112],"their":[114],"trade-offs.":[115],"We":[116],"conclude":[117],"with":[118],"future":[120],"work":[121],"directions":[122],"could":[124],"inform":[125],"CA":[126],"elicits":[130],"user":[131],"empathy.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}