{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4360851815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588594","title":"How Do Users Experience Traceability of AI Systems? Examining Subjective Information Processing Awareness in Automated Insulin Delivery (AID) Systems","display_name":"How Do Users Experience Traceability of AI Systems? Examining Subjective Information Processing Awareness in Automated Insulin Delivery (AID) Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4360851815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3588594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588594","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588594","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173818","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2160-6455","issn":["2160-6455","2160-6463"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588594","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033539249","display_name":"Tim Schrills","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7685-1598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9341345","display_name":"University of L\u00fcbeck","ror":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Schrills","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e4t zu L\u00fcbeck, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7685-1598","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t zu L\u00fcbeck, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079978691","display_name":"Thomas Franke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-3771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9341345","display_name":"University of L\u00fcbeck","ror":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Franke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e4t zu L\u00fcbeck, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-3771","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t zu L\u00fcbeck, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8553,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91897323,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13248","display_name":"Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9387000203132629,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traceability","display_name":"Traceability","score":0.8437637686729431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6254425644874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.558039128780365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.4475001394748688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3508528470993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13930416107177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.09367698431015015}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153876917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899704","display_name":"Traceability","level":2,"score":0.8437637686729431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6254425644874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.558039128780365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.4475001394748688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3508528470993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13930416107177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.09367698431015015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3588594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588594","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588594","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173818","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2160-6455","issn":["2160-6455","2160-6463"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3588594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588594","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588594","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173818","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2160-6455","issn":["2160-6455","2160-6463"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4360851815.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4360851815.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":120,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W37735209","https://openalex.org/W61064047","https://openalex.org/W1127714344","https://openalex.org/W1550659230","https://openalex.org/W1591730265","https://openalex.org/W1982343866","https://openalex.org/W1989943453","https://openalex.org/W1994606570","https://openalex.org/W2005489413","https://openalex.org/W2018250373","https://openalex.org/W2026272086","https://openalex.org/W2028626340","https://openalex.org/W2031256578","https://openalex.org/W2032152873","https://openalex.org/W2034344216","https://openalex.org/W2044140042","https://openalex.org/W2050426605","https://openalex.org/W2051576146","https://openalex.org/W2063052894","https://openalex.org/W2074565708","https://openalex.org/W2084440803","https://openalex.org/W2091552421","https://openalex.org/W2110017066","https://openalex.org/W2121044470","https://openalex.org/W2123179704","https://openalex.org/W2143074722","https://openalex.org/W2144678779","https://openalex.org/W2146948159","https://openalex.org/W2157289187","https://openalex.org/W2171288877","https://openalex.org/W2176981217","https://openalex.org/W2200611418","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2295680652","https://openalex.org/W2398473626","https://openalex.org/W2404457629","https://openalex.org/W2528813378","https://openalex.org/W2531563875","https://openalex.org/W2564509157","https://openalex.org/W2604448873","https://openalex.org/W2612422258","https://openalex.org/W2757707631","https://openalex.org/W2774465513","https://openalex.org/W2791100815","https://openalex.org/W2793028857","https://openalex.org/W2794740256","https://openalex.org/W2795530988","https://openalex.org/W2801816216","https://openalex.org/W2805206708","https://openalex.org/W2890283435","https://openalex.org/W2901232217","https://openalex.org/W2904730732","https://openalex.org/W2913401470","https://openalex.org/W2918341242","https://openalex.org/W2930992318","https://openalex.org/W2942073295","https://openalex.org/W2942444880","https://openalex.org/W2943761611","https://openalex.org/W2944339144","https://openalex.org/W2952064517","https://openalex.org/W2963095307","https://openalex.org/W2963985470","https://openalex.org/W2966362896","https://openalex.org/W2969548486","https://openalex.org/W2973131658","https://openalex.org/W2978932878","https://openalex.org/W2981917765","https://openalex.org/W2984353433","https://openalex.org/W2991579958","https://openalex.org/W2994898777","https://openalex.org/W2995085977","https://openalex.org/W2998687282","https://openalex.org/W2999615587","https://openalex.org/W2999637955","https://openalex.org/W3005000804","https://openalex.org/W3005585385","https://openalex.org/W3008053020","https://openalex.org/W3013160799","https://openalex.org/W3013998503","https://openalex.org/W3014961299","https://openalex.org/W3024608283","https://openalex.org/W3028689275","https://openalex.org/W3042124235","https://openalex.org/W3046238651","https://openalex.org/W3046389243","https://openalex.org/W3083846587","https://openalex.org/W3084645788","https://openalex.org/W3103751997","https://openalex.org/W3104847483","https://openalex.org/W3124489879","https://openalex.org/W3131115182","https://openalex.org/W3133543405","https://openalex.org/W3134111219","https://openalex.org/W3134362900","https://openalex.org/W3152997756","https://openalex.org/W3155920732","https://openalex.org/W3156435562","https://openalex.org/W3158836591","https://openalex.org/W3160042174","https://openalex.org/W3161933594","https://openalex.org/W3163443091","https://openalex.org/W3177025783","https://openalex.org/W3177386843","https://openalex.org/W3178493671","https://openalex.org/W3181560487","https://openalex.org/W3183398589","https://openalex.org/W3184154804","https://openalex.org/W3184837222","https://openalex.org/W3185189058","https://openalex.org/W3185728547","https://openalex.org/W3194906968","https://openalex.org/W3203520391","https://openalex.org/W3206842207","https://openalex.org/W3211872892","https://openalex.org/W3214024265","https://openalex.org/W4205880474","https://openalex.org/W4221086478","https://openalex.org/W4251538284","https://openalex.org/W4287121650","https://openalex.org/W6727323963"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2378709054","https://openalex.org/W4380301954","https://openalex.org/W2803090313","https://openalex.org/W2142853517","https://openalex.org/W2376767034","https://openalex.org/W2350918606","https://openalex.org/W2052375654","https://openalex.org/W2185974889","https://openalex.org/W2379549210"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"interacting":[1],"with":[2,25,30,104,156,172,176],"artificial":[3],"intelligence":[4],"(AI)":[5],"in":[6,48,150,213,234],"the":[7,74,111,126,138,183,215],"medical":[8],"domain,":[9],"users":[10,24,81],"frequently":[11],"face":[12],"automated":[13,31,42],"information":[14,117,189,202],"processing,":[15],"which":[16],"can":[17],"remain":[18],"opaque":[19],"to":[20,64,78,97,134,206,236],"them.":[21],"For":[22],"example,":[23],"diabetes":[26],"may":[27,191,204],"interact":[28],"daily":[29],"insulin":[32,129],"delivery":[33],"(AID).":[34],"However,":[35],"effective":[36],"AID":[37,95,139],"therapy":[38],"requires":[39],"traceability":[40,86],"of":[41,68,73,85,87,113,116,160,185,188,201,226],"decisions":[43],"for":[44,101,128,222],"diverse":[45],"users.":[46],"Grounded":[47],"research":[49,65,76,180],"on":[50,119],"human-automation":[51],"interaction,":[52],"we":[53,109],"study":[54],"Subjective":[55],"Information":[56],"Processing":[57],"Awareness":[58],"(SIPA)":[59],"as":[60,125],"a":[61,93,148,157,207,223],"key":[62],"construct":[63],"users\u2019":[66],"experience":[67,82],"explainable":[69],"AI.":[70],"The":[71,178,218],"objective":[72],"present":[75,179],"was":[77,169],"examine":[79],"how":[80],"differing":[83],"levels":[84,115,187,200],"an":[88,102],"AI":[89],"algorithm.":[90],"We":[91],"developed":[92],"basic":[94],"simulation":[96],"create":[98],"realistic":[99],"scenarios":[100],"experiment":[103],"N":[105],"=":[106],"80,":[107],"where":[108],"examined":[110],"effect":[112,184],"three":[114],"disclosure":[118,190,203],"SIPA":[120,151,161,168,210],"and":[121,174,211],"performance.":[122],"Attributes":[123],"serving":[124],"basis":[127],"needs":[130],"calculation":[131,141],"were":[132],"shown":[133],"users,":[135],"who":[136],"predicted":[137],"system\u2019s":[140,216],"after":[142,152],"over":[143,163],"60":[144],"observations.":[145],"Results":[146],"showed":[147],"difference":[149],"repeated":[153],"observations,":[154],"associated":[155],"general":[158],"decline":[159],"ratings":[162],"time.":[164],"Supporting":[165],"scale":[166],"validity,":[167],"strongly":[170],"correlated":[171],"trust":[173],"satisfaction":[175],"explanations.":[177],"indicates":[181],"that":[182,221],"different":[186],"need":[192],"several":[193],"repetitions":[194],"before":[195],"it":[196],"manifests.":[197],"Additionally,":[198],"high":[199],"lead":[205],"miscalibration":[208],"between":[209],"performance":[212],"predicting":[214],"results.":[217],"results":[219],"indicate":[220],"responsible":[224],"design":[225],"XAI,":[227],"system":[228],"designers":[229],"could":[230],"utilize":[231],"prediction":[232],"tasks":[233],"order":[235],"calibrate":[237],"experienced":[238],"traceability.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}