{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377997043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3588410","title":"SP-EyeGAN: Generating Synthetic Eye Movement Data with Generative Adversarial Networks","display_name":"SP-EyeGAN: Generating Synthetic Eye Movement Data with Generative Adversarial Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377997043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3588410"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3588015.3588410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3588410","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588015.3588410","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588015.3588410","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085872778","display_name":"Paul Prasse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1842-3645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176453806","display_name":"University of Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03bnmw459","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul Prasse","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Potsdam, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059678042","display_name":"David R. Reich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3524-3788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176453806","display_name":"University of Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03bnmw459","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Robert Reich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e4t Potsdam, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066279467","display_name":"Silvia Makowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5369-4398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176453806","display_name":"University of Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03bnmw459","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvia Makowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Potsdam, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001047332","display_name":"Seoyoung Ahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7842-9208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seoyoung Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology, Stony Brook University, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology, Stony Brook University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007427935","display_name":"Tobias Scheffer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4405-7925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176453806","display_name":"University of Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03bnmw459","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Scheffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, University of Potsdam, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025151670","display_name":"Lena A. J\u00e4ger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9018-9713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176453806","display_name":"University of Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03bnmw459","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","display_name":"University of Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}],"countries":["CH","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lena A. J\u00e4ger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computational Linguistics, University of Zurich, Switzerland and Computer Science, University of Potsdam, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computational Linguistics, University of Zurich, Switzerland and Computer Science, University of Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176453806","https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085872778"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5396,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89751596,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9696999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7770307064056396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7139809131622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-movement","display_name":"Eye movement","score":0.6860352754592896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.6398791074752808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.6363372206687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-data","display_name":"Synthetic data","score":0.6178967952728271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5360361337661743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.5101783275604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-data","display_name":"Raw data","score":0.4980583190917969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.4824162721633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4587971568107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.45014292001724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4469621479511261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.4185757637023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.36846405267715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.36582499742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08547478914260864}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7770307064056396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7139809131622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153050134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760256","display_name":"Eye movement","level":2,"score":0.6860352754592896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.6398791074752808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.6363372206687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160920958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662746","display_name":"Synthetic data","level":2,"score":0.6178967952728271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5360361337661743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.5101783275604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.4980583190917969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.4824162721633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4587971568107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45014292001724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4469621479511261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.4185757637023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.36846405267715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36582499742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08547478914260864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3588015.3588410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3588410","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588015.3588410","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:253064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/253064/1/Prasse_ETRA_2023_SP_EyeGAN.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401281","display_name":"Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","host_organization_name":"University of Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Prasse, Paul; Reich, David Robert; Makowski, Silvia; Ahn, Seoyoung; Scheffer, Tobias; J\u00e4ger, Lena A  (2023). SP-EyeGAN: Generating Synthetic Eye Movement Data with Generative Adversarial Networks.  In: ETRA '23: 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, T\u00fcbingen, Germany, 30 May 2023 - 2 June 2023. ACM Digital library, 18.","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.5167/uzh-253064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.5167/uzh-253064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-253064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051291","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Z\u00fcrich, ZORA","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3588015.3588410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3588410","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3588015.3588410","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2282568252","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"01| S20043","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3202850579","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"S20043","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7225624288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"This work was","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4377997043.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4377997043.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1769933788","https://openalex.org/W2027454453","https://openalex.org/W2045812729","https://openalex.org/W2090525568","https://openalex.org/W2091777098","https://openalex.org/W2154796476","https://openalex.org/W2294884347","https://openalex.org/W2296687628","https://openalex.org/W2341733275","https://openalex.org/W2914622467","https://openalex.org/W3112689365","https://openalex.org/W3134140545","https://openalex.org/W3179188416","https://openalex.org/W3204795127","https://openalex.org/W4281767916","https://openalex.org/W4285815224","https://openalex.org/W4292968994"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4225394202","https://openalex.org/W4298287631","https://openalex.org/W2953061907","https://openalex.org/W3032952384","https://openalex.org/W4376988852","https://openalex.org/W2888018805","https://openalex.org/W4296551294","https://openalex.org/W4296960511","https://openalex.org/W3101955189","https://openalex.org/W4366999383"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Neural":[0],"networks":[1],"that":[2,12,38,95],"process":[3],"the":[4,22,66,89,97,109],"raw":[5,41],"eye-tracking":[6,42],"signal":[7],"can":[8,70],"outperform":[9],"traditional":[10],"methods":[11],"operate":[13],"on":[14,84],"scanpaths":[15],"preprocessed":[16],"into":[17],"fixations":[18],"and":[19,61],"saccades.":[20],"However,":[21],"scarcity":[23],"of":[24,46,54,91,99],"such":[25],"data":[26,69,87],"poses":[27],"a":[28,35,52,75],"major":[29],"challenge.":[30],"We,":[31],"therefore,":[32],"present":[33],"SP-EyeGAN,":[34],"neural":[36],"network":[37],"generates":[39],"synthetic":[40,68],"data.":[43],"SP-EyeGAN":[44],"consists":[45],"Generative":[47],"Adversarial":[48],"Networks;":[49],"it":[50],"produces":[51],"sequence":[53],"gaze":[55],"angles":[56],"indistinguishable":[57],"from":[58,103],"human":[59,86],"micro-":[60],"macro-movements.":[62],"We":[63,93],"demonstrate":[64],"how":[65],"generated":[67],"be":[71],"used":[72],"to":[73],"pre-train":[74],"model":[76,81],"using":[77],"contrastive":[78],"learning.":[79],"This":[80],"is":[82],"fine-tuned":[83],"labeled":[85],"for":[88,96],"task":[90,98],"interest.":[92],"show":[94],"predicting":[100],"reading":[101],"comprehension":[102],"eye":[104],"movements,":[105],"this":[106],"approach":[107],"outperforms":[108],"previous":[110],"state-of-the-art.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}