{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385679598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588001.3609376","title":"Digital Public Goods Interoperability: A Low-Code Middleware Approach","display_name":"Digital Public Goods Interoperability: A Low-Code Middleware Approach","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385679598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588001.3609376"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3588001.3609376","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3588001.3609376","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029543799","display_name":"Andrew Amstrong Musoke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7818-4159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130200","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University Africa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f33m021","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130200","https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Amstrong Musoke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University Africa, Upanzi DPG Network, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7818-4159","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University Africa, Upanzi DPG Network, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130200"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108855915","display_name":"Jean Paul Nishimirwe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130200","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University Africa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f33m021","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130200","https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean Paul Nishimirwe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University Africa, Upanzi DPG Network"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6469-4716","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University Africa, Upanzi DPG Network","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130200"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092616442","display_name":"Nafiu Lawal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130200","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University Africa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f33m021","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130200","https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nafiu Lawal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University Africa, Upanzi DPG Network"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University Africa, Upanzi DPG Network","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130200"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016748726","display_name":"Assane Gueye","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130200","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University Africa","ror":"https://ror.org/02f33m021","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130200","https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Assane Gueye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University Africa, Upanzi DPG Network"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University Africa, Upanzi DPG Network","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130200"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029543799"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130200"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07873696,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"138","last_page":"141"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14147","display_name":"Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.8446236848831177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middleware","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","score":0.7408509254455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5809966325759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5445346236228943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.41837409138679504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.24601873755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.207454651594162}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.8446236848831177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169468491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146923","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","level":2,"score":0.7408509254455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5809966325759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5445346236228943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.41837409138679504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.24601873755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.207454651594162}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3588001.3609376","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3588001.3609376","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W968075907","https://openalex.org/W2995346061","https://openalex.org/W3096833416","https://openalex.org/W3187526010","https://openalex.org/W3208230745","https://openalex.org/W4285502170","https://openalex.org/W4312664327"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2093262417","https://openalex.org/W2123131699","https://openalex.org/W913131694","https://openalex.org/W650116260","https://openalex.org/W2378329187","https://openalex.org/W1546397715","https://openalex.org/W1981860401","https://openalex.org/W1864755515","https://openalex.org/W2955825640"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"Public":[1],"Goods":[2],"(DPGs)":[3],"play":[4],"a":[5,73,77,83,135,152,157],"vital":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8,17,65],"achieving":[9],"the":[10,23,49,56,60,66,94,98,105,121,138,147,170,173],"United":[11],"Nations\u2019":[12],"Sustainable":[13],"Development":[14],"Goals":[15],"(SDGs)":[16],"low-income":[18],"and":[19,71,87,97,103,113,119,156,187,192],"middle-income":[20],"countries.":[21],"However,":[22],"lack":[24,37],"of":[25,34,38,51,62,124,149,172],"interoperability":[26,64],"among":[27],"different":[28],"DPGs":[29],"could":[30],"lead":[31],"to":[32,46,117,131,169,177],"duplication":[33],"efforts":[35],"and/or":[36],"(inter)-functionality":[39],"since":[40],"one":[41],"DPG":[42,69],"is":[43,82,161],"not":[44,129],"able":[45],"benefit":[47],"from":[48,175],"features":[50],"another.":[52],"This":[53],"paper":[54,164],"illustrates":[55],"need":[57,130],"for":[58],"interoperability,":[59],"difficulty":[61],"retrofitting":[63],"numerous":[67],"mature":[68],"projects":[70],"introduces":[72],"middleware":[74,80,139,174],"application":[75,81,89],"as":[76,137,179,181],"solution.":[78],"The":[79,163],"lightweight,":[84],"technology-agnostic,":[85],"portable,":[86],"modular":[88],"which":[90],"facilitates":[91],"transactions":[92],"between":[93],"integrating":[95,107],"system":[96,108,155],"integrated":[99],"system.":[100],"By":[101],"customizing":[102],"deploying":[104],"middleware,":[106],"developers":[109,127],"can":[110],"save":[111],"time":[112],"costs,":[114],"reducing":[115],"barriers":[116],"prototyping":[118],"increasing":[120],"adoption":[122],"rate":[123],"DPGs.":[125],"Furthermore,":[126],"do":[128],"provision":[132],"or":[133],"access":[134],"sandbox":[136],"supports":[140],"mocking":[141],"responses.":[142],"A":[143],"use":[144],"case":[145],"involving":[146],"integration":[148],"two":[150],"DPGs,":[151],"digital":[153],"identity":[154],"health":[158],"information":[159],"system,":[160],"illustrated.":[162],"also":[165],"describes":[166],"future":[167],"enhancements":[168],"generalizability":[171],"1-to-any":[176],"any-to-any":[178],"well":[180],"improving":[182],"security":[183],"resilience":[184],"with":[185],"WebAuthn":[186],"custom":[188],"cyber-security":[189],"hardening":[190],"tools":[191],"procedures.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-23T23:11:35.936235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}