{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382654435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3587102.3588833","title":"Project-Based and Assignment-Based Courses: A Study of Piazza Engagement and Gender in Online Courses","display_name":"Project-Based and Assignment-Based Courses: A Study of Piazza Engagement and Gender in Online Courses","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382654435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3587102.3588833"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3587102.3588833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3587102.3588833","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3587102.3588833","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education V. 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3587102.3588833","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032726238","display_name":"Ryan Lenfant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8022-1024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Lenfant","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8022-1024","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103048979","display_name":"Alice Wanner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2322-4432"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice Wanner","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2322-4432","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080596920","display_name":"John R. Hott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8305-325X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John R. Hott","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8305-325X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008353242","display_name":"Raymond Pettit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9675-025X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raymond Pettit","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9675-025X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032726238"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0814,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83663733,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"138","last_page":"144"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9783999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9783999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.7304968237876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-engagement","display_name":"Student engagement","score":0.598421037197113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-discussion","display_name":"Online discussion","score":0.5772761702537537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.47237876057624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-learning","display_name":"Online learning","score":0.44387656450271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.4387779235839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3811831474304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-education","display_name":"Medical education","score":0.37962836027145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2590579092502594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.12540701031684875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.7304968237876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194519906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7627827","display_name":"Student engagement","level":2,"score":0.598421037197113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780656832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796573","display_name":"Online discussion","level":2,"score":0.5772761702537537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.47237876057624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986087404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15946010","display_name":"Online learning","level":2,"score":0.44387656450271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4387779235839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3811831474304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.37962836027145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2590579092502594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12540701031684875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3587102.3588833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3587102.3588833","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3587102.3588833","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education V. 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3587102.3588833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3587102.3588833","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3587102.3588833","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education V. 1","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310536","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382654435.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4382654435.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500604262","https://openalex.org/W1966327174","https://openalex.org/W2007134326","https://openalex.org/W2053602434","https://openalex.org/W2078506806","https://openalex.org/W2093153317","https://openalex.org/W2106378625","https://openalex.org/W2163005242","https://openalex.org/W2295630254","https://openalex.org/W2408395597","https://openalex.org/W2605555946","https://openalex.org/W2744333732","https://openalex.org/W2803239460","https://openalex.org/W3012464075","https://openalex.org/W3036943044","https://openalex.org/W3135524981","https://openalex.org/W3152092287","https://openalex.org/W4251723235","https://openalex.org/W4293227414"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2995401150","https://openalex.org/W2519929931","https://openalex.org/W2413097815","https://openalex.org/W2981497171","https://openalex.org/W1273316177","https://openalex.org/W4304172813","https://openalex.org/W2057506382","https://openalex.org/W2768596099","https://openalex.org/W2017503948","https://openalex.org/W1601166914"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Project-based":[0],"(PB)":[1],"learning":[2,28,51],"has":[3],"become":[4],"increasingly":[5],"popular":[6],"in":[7,78,88,96,125,132,137],"computer":[8,62],"science":[9,63],"education,":[10],"particularly":[11],"as":[12,174],"studies":[13],"have":[14],"found":[15,122],"that":[16,112,123],"the":[17,47,76,178],"teaching":[18],"style":[19],"better":[20],"prepares":[21],"students":[22,124,136,168],"for":[23],"future":[24],"careers":[25],"and":[26,72,84,94,105,118,146,158,183,185,207,215,223],"improves":[27],"outcomes":[29],"through":[30],"increased":[31],"student":[32,114],"engagement.":[33,42],"Online":[34],"forum":[35,54,80],"usage":[36,57,81],"is":[37],"one":[38],"measurable":[39],"component":[40],"of":[41,49,177,181,191],"In":[43],"order":[44],"to":[45,90,144,155,227],"study":[46,102,109],"impact":[48],"PB":[50,83,126,206],"on":[52,110,149,161,199,202],"online":[53,61,79,133],"engagement,":[55,115],"Piazza":[56,111,150],"data":[58],"from":[59],"seven":[60],"courses":[64,127],"at":[65],"a":[66,107,171,175,187],"higher":[67],"education":[68],"institution":[69],"were":[70,128,141,152,211,224],"collected":[71],"examined.":[73],"We":[74,121],"analyzed":[75],"differences":[77,91],"between":[82,92],"assignment-based":[85],"(AB)":[86],"learning,":[87],"addition":[89],"men":[93],"women":[95,210],"each":[97],"course":[98,166],"type.":[99],"Specifically,":[100],"this":[101],"builds":[103],"upon":[104],"replicates":[106],"previous":[108],"measured":[113],"anonymity":[116],"usage,":[117],"peer":[119,192,229],"parity.":[120,193],"less":[129,142,225],"actively":[130],"engaged":[131],"forums":[134],"than":[135,231],"AB":[138,208],"courses;":[139],"they":[140],"likely":[143,154,226],"ask":[145],"answer":[147],"questions":[148,182],"but":[151],"more":[153,162,212,217,221],"view":[156],"posts":[157],"be":[159],"logged":[160],"days.":[163],"Across":[164,204],"both":[165,205],"types,":[167],"posted":[169,219],"anonymously":[170,220],"similar":[172,189],"amount":[173,190],"proportion":[176],"total":[179],"number":[180],"answers":[184],"experienced":[186],"proportionally":[188],"Our":[194],"findings":[195],"mirror":[196],"prior":[197],"results":[198],"gender":[200],"engagement":[201],"Piazza.":[203],"courses,":[209],"engaged,":[213],"asked":[214],"viewed":[216],"questions,":[218],"frequently,":[222],"experience":[228],"parity":[230],"men.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}