{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4378800923","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583781.3590324","title":"Lightweight Hierarchical Root-of-Trust Framework for CAN-based 3D Printing Security","display_name":"Lightweight Hierarchical Root-of-Trust Framework for CAN-based 3D Printing Security","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4378800923","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583781.3590324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3583781.3590324","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583781.3590324","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI 2023","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067953174","display_name":"Tyler Cultice","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5026-8644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tyler Cultice","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083854984","display_name":"Joseph D. Clark","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8547-8112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Clark","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091267392","display_name":"Himanshu Thapliyal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9157-4517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Himanshu Thapliyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1227,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40737671,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"215","last_page":"216"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.8248999714851379,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.8248999714851379,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.817300021648407,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11342","display_name":"Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications","score":0.7265999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.8380917310714722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8069807291030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6917088627815247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.6848393678665161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5993136167526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5440506339073181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.49689939618110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.49094703793525696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.44369882345199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/can-bus","display_name":"CAN bus","score":0.4416102170944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3852759599685669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3258485496044159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.17839914560317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.1318415105342865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.102955162525177}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.8380917310714722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8069807291030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6917088627815247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.6848393678665161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5993136167526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5440506339073181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.49689939618110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.49094703793525696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.44369882345199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201762086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728183","display_name":"CAN bus","level":2,"score":0.4416102170944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3852759599685669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3258485496044159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.17839914560317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.1318415105342865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.102955162525177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3583781.3590324","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583781.3590324","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI 2023","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312964910","https://openalex.org/W4319068737"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772112465","https://openalex.org/W4386360526","https://openalex.org/W4387918499","https://openalex.org/W2368710903","https://openalex.org/W2158905603","https://openalex.org/W2766105476","https://openalex.org/W2735171729","https://openalex.org/W2786267942","https://openalex.org/W2769254131","https://openalex.org/W2091556092"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Controller":[0],"Area":[1],"Network":[2],"(CAN)":[3],"has":[4],"been":[5],"demonstrated":[6],"to":[7,109],"have":[8],"excellent":[9],"applications":[10],"in":[11,36,39,62],"3D":[12,80],"printer":[13],"communication.":[14],"However,":[15],"single-bus":[16],"CAN":[17,56,77],"network":[18,41,72],"designs":[19],"are":[20],"plagued":[21],"with":[22],"vulnerabilities,":[23],"such":[24],"as":[25],"hijacking,":[26],"denial-of-service,":[27],"and":[28,58,86,103],"eavesdropping.":[29],"Exploitation":[30],"of":[31,88],"these":[32,67],"issues":[33],"can":[34,82],"result":[35],"every":[37],"node":[38],"the":[40,55,104],"being":[42],"compromised.":[43],"In":[44],"response,":[45],"we":[46],"propose":[47],"a":[48,63],"hierarchical":[49],"tree-based":[50],"design":[51],"focused":[52],"on":[53],"protecting":[54],"bus":[57],"isolating":[59],"critical":[60],"systems":[61],"novel":[64],"approach":[65],"against":[66],"threats.":[68],"By":[69],"organizing":[70],"ASCON-encrypted":[71],"routing":[73],"into":[74],"smaller,":[75],"authenticated":[76],"sub-nets,":[78],"modular":[79],"printers":[81],"maintain":[83],"integrity,":[84],"confidentiality,":[85],"authenticity":[87],"all":[89],"traffic.":[90],"Our":[91],"preliminary":[92],"results":[93],"demonstrate":[94],"an":[95],"88-99%":[96],"hardware":[97],"efficiency":[98],"between":[99],"pre-existing":[100],"client":[101],"nodes":[102,106],"total":[105],"after":[107],"conversion":[108],"our":[110],"framework.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}