{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384024290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583131.3590424","title":"Algorithm Instance Footprint: Separating Easily Solvable and Challenging Problem Instances","display_name":"Algorithm Instance Footprint: Separating Easily Solvable and Challenging Problem Instances","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384024290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583131.3590424"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3583131.3590424","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583131.3590424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608932","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-04180584v1/document","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055785474","display_name":"Ana Nikolikj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6983-9627"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3006985408","display_name":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05060sz93","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ana Nikolikj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064609702","display_name":"Sa\u0161o D\u017eeroski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2363-712X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3006985408","display_name":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05060sz93","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sa\u0161o D\u017eeroski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058827753","display_name":"Mario Andr\u00e9s Mu\u00f1oz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7254-2808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Andr\u00e9s Mu\u00f1oz","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Carola Doerr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-7169"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carola Doerr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sorbonne University, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sorbonne University, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043114412","display_name":"Peter Koro\u0161ec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4492-4603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3006985408","display_name":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05060sz93","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Koro\u0161ec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082115266","display_name":"Tome Eftimov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7330-1902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3006985408","display_name":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05060sz93","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tome Eftimov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055785474"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9986,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88834951,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"529","last_page":"537"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.693334698677063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6212088465690613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5959998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43731749057769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.4325069189071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/footprint","display_name":"Footprint","score":0.4283679127693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meta-learning","display_name":"Meta learning (computer science)","score":0.4261499345302582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41965189576148987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.41370752453804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38467171788215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3203861117362976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20991188287734985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.11532023549079895}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.693334698677063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6212088465690613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5959998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43731749057769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4325069189071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132943942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2562511","display_name":"Footprint","level":2,"score":0.4283679127693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781002164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6822311","display_name":"Meta learning (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.4261499345302582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41965189576148987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.41370752453804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38467171788215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3203861117362976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20991188287734985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.11532023549079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3583131.3590424","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583131.3590424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608932","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04180584v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-04180584","pdf_url":"https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-04180584v1/document","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922461","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"GECCO '23: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, Jul 2023, Lisbon, Portugal. pp.529-537, &#x27E8;10.1145/3583131.3590424&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04180584v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-04180584","pdf_url":"https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-04180584v1/document","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922461","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"GECCO '23: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, Jul 2023, Lisbon, Portugal. pp.529-537, &#x27E8;10.1145/3583131.3590424&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Conference papers"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"No poverty"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1846233399","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"J2-446","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2691083761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-22-ERCS-0003-01 project VARIATION","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4141766493","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. P2-0098","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4521297162","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"952215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337663","funder_display_name":"H2020 Industrial Leadership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G565735717","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"952215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G625984628","display_name":"Generalized Variation Operators for Randomized Search Heuristics","funder_award_id":"ANR-22-ERCS-0003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6602774147","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N2-0239","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7530123626","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2-0103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7736322935","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PR-12040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7799930752","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"J2-4460","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G791504897","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2-0098","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8551046516","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-22-ERCS-0003-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","ror":"https://ror.org/059bp8k51"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337663","display_name":"H2020 Industrial Leadership","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4384024290.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4384024290.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1625914768","https://openalex.org/W1972278817","https://openalex.org/W2063966510","https://openalex.org/W2088252378","https://openalex.org/W2095314857","https://openalex.org/W2096166399","https://openalex.org/W2216946510","https://openalex.org/W2314046539","https://openalex.org/W2732736182","https://openalex.org/W2735671596","https://openalex.org/W3135757297","https://openalex.org/W3210578945","https://openalex.org/W4238823234","https://openalex.org/W4285209259","https://openalex.org/W4285734568","https://openalex.org/W4311011823","https://openalex.org/W4312277853","https://openalex.org/W4385189094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2330537534","https://openalex.org/W2368534554","https://openalex.org/W2148469257","https://openalex.org/W2999244305","https://openalex.org/W2168827721","https://openalex.org/W2094506573","https://openalex.org/W2804364458","https://openalex.org/W4249517016","https://openalex.org/W4298130764","https://openalex.org/W2730343163"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"black-box":[1],"optimization,":[2],"it":[3],"is":[4,75],"essential":[5],"to":[6,50,62,78,86,145,153,192],"understand":[7],"why":[8],"an":[9,35,66,184],"algorithm":[10,36,67,73,118,137,168,180],"instance":[11,37,74],"works":[12],"on":[13,21],"a":[14,31,42,54,130],"set":[15,43,55],"of":[16,26,41,44,56,71,82,89,109,116,149,160,176,186],"problem":[17,45,57,84,94,111],"instances":[18,46,58,85,95,112],"while":[19],"failing":[20],"others":[22],"and":[23,53,113,140,173,178],"provide":[24,87],"explanations":[25,88],"its":[27],"behavior.":[28],"We":[29],"propose":[30],"methodology":[32,101],"for":[33,65,136],"formulating":[34],"footprint":[38],"that":[39,47,59,104,164],"consists":[40],"are":[48,60,126,190],"easy":[49,96],"be":[51,63],"solved":[52],"difficult":[61],"solved,":[64],"instance.":[68],"This":[69],"behavior":[70],"the":[72,79,83,106,110,114,117,120,147,150,154,161,171],"further":[76],"linked":[77],"landscape":[80,107,151,188],"properties":[81,91,108,189],"which":[90,187],"make":[92],"some":[93],"or":[97],"challenging.":[98],"The":[99],"proposed":[100],"uses":[102],"meta-representations":[103,125,162],"embed":[105],"performance":[115,138,155,169],"into":[119],"same":[121],"vector":[122],"space.":[123],"These":[124],"obtained":[127],"by":[128],"training":[129],"supervised":[131],"machine":[132],"learning":[133],"regression":[134],"model":[135,142],"prediction":[139],"applying":[141],"explainability":[143],"techniques":[144],"assess":[146],"importance":[148],"features":[152],"predictions.":[156],"Next,":[157],"deterministic":[158],"clustering":[159],"demonstrates":[163],"using":[165],"them":[166],"captures":[167],"across":[170],"space":[172],"detects":[174],"regions":[175],"poor":[177],"good":[179],"performance,":[181],"together":[182],"with":[183],"explanation":[185],"leading":[191],"it.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
