{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385521210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583131.3590351","title":"ChatGPT and Other Large Language Models as Evolutionary Engines for Online Interactive Collaborative Game Design","display_name":"ChatGPT and Other Large Language Models as Evolutionary Engines for Online Interactive Collaborative Game Design","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385521210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583131.3590351"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3583131.3590351","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583131.3590351","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3583131.3590351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608932","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3583131.3590351","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040796351","display_name":"Pier Luca Lanzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1933-7717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pier Luca Lanzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004851087","display_name":"Daniele Loiacono","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5355-0634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Loiacono","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040796351"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1206,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97162023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1383","last_page":"1390"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11349","display_name":"Music Technology and Sound Studies","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8133717775344849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6718579530715942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5541834831237793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5538599491119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5488978028297424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.529133677482605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4688604474067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructed-language","display_name":"Constructed language","score":0.41912105679512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.41140735149383545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3433927297592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3313973546028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.21173101663589478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.1419547200202942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09338989853858948}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8133717775344849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6718579530715942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5541834831237793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5538599491119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5488978028297424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.529133677482605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4688604474067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94922259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33215","display_name":"Constructed language","level":2,"score":0.41912105679512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.41140735149383545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3433927297592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3313973546028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.21173101663589478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.1419547200202942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09338989853858948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3583131.3590351","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583131.3590351","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3583131.3590351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608932","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1259367","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1259367","pdf_url":"https://re.public.polimi.it/bitstream/11311/1259367/1/3583131.3590351.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3583131.3590351","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3583131.3590351","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3583131.3590351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608932","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385521210.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385521210.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493762179","https://openalex.org/W1528908714","https://openalex.org/W1576818901","https://openalex.org/W1602946837","https://openalex.org/W1967352593","https://openalex.org/W1980681408","https://openalex.org/W1989627215","https://openalex.org/W2010846353","https://openalex.org/W2033664869","https://openalex.org/W2045340511","https://openalex.org/W2051413264","https://openalex.org/W2064540711","https://openalex.org/W2069409996","https://openalex.org/W2095980045","https://openalex.org/W2113410615","https://openalex.org/W2117049633","https://openalex.org/W2118770413","https://openalex.org/W2139165539","https://openalex.org/W2151019861","https://openalex.org/W2158433228","https://openalex.org/W2171121489","https://openalex.org/W2265475888","https://openalex.org/W2543206182","https://openalex.org/W2560674852","https://openalex.org/W2964011712","https://openalex.org/W2964201809","https://openalex.org/W2975534577","https://openalex.org/W2976815820","https://openalex.org/W2999988434","https://openalex.org/W3038300925","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3177813494","https://openalex.org/W3210757389","https://openalex.org/W4206764678","https://openalex.org/W4224306127","https://openalex.org/W4243432123","https://openalex.org/W4286892945","https://openalex.org/W4287671158","https://openalex.org/W4292779060","https://openalex.org/W4298187623","https://openalex.org/W4312841684","https://openalex.org/W4385521210"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W4312814274","https://openalex.org/W2353752728","https://openalex.org/W2347443960","https://openalex.org/W3195495085","https://openalex.org/W2373208289","https://openalex.org/W2897758796","https://openalex.org/W2090001332"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"language":[1,16,64,89,121],"models":[2,65,90],"(LLMs)":[3],"have":[4],"taken":[5],"the":[6,12,68,75,83,105,126,132,148],"scientific":[7],"world":[8],"by":[9,125,135],"storm,":[10],"changing":[11],"landscape":[13],"of":[14,45,100,114],"natural":[15],"processing":[17],"and":[18,37,62,87,98,111,146],"human-computer":[19],"interaction.":[20],"These":[21],"powerful":[22],"tools":[23],"can":[24],"answer":[25],"complex":[26,94],"questions":[27],"and,":[28],"surprisingly,":[29],"perform":[30],"challenging":[31],"creative":[32,95],"tasks":[33,160],"(e.g.,":[34],"generate":[35],"code":[36],"applications":[38],"to":[39,66,77,138],"solve":[40],"problems,":[41],"write":[42],"stories,":[43],"pieces":[44],"music,":[46],"etc.).":[47],"In":[48,102],"this":[49],"paper,":[50],"we":[51],"present":[52],"a":[53,92,109,112,120],"collaborative":[54],"game":[55,158],"design":[56,71,133,159],"framework":[57,155],"that":[58,143],"combines":[59],"interactive":[60,140],"evolution":[61],"large":[63,88],"simulate":[67],"typical":[69],"human":[70,162],"process.":[72],"We":[73,152],"use":[74],"former":[76],"exploit":[78],"users'":[79],"feedback":[80,137],"for":[81,91],"selecting":[82],"most":[84,149],"promising":[85,150],"ideas":[86],"very":[93],"task---the":[96],"recombination":[97],"variation":[99],"ideas.":[101],"our":[103,154],"framework,":[104],"process":[106,134],"starts":[107],"with":[108,161],"brief":[110],"set":[113],"candidate":[115],"designs,":[116],"either":[117],"generated":[118],"using":[119],"model":[122],"or":[123],"proposed":[124],"users.":[127],"Next,":[128],"users":[129],"collaborate":[130],"on":[131,156],"providing":[136],"an":[139],"genetic":[141],"algorithm":[142],"selects,":[144],"recombines,":[145],"mutates":[147],"designs.":[151],"evaluated":[153],"three":[157],"designers":[163],"who":[164],"collaborated":[165],"remotely.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2023-08-04T00:00:00"}
