{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319963669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3582573","title":"<scp>QuoTe</scp> : Quality-oriented Testing for Deep Learning Systems","display_name":"<scp>QuoTe</scp> : Quality-oriented Testing for Deep Learning Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319963669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3582573"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3582573","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3582573","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/d07ec612-0fb2-4579-86ee-895741c0bc86","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101864441","display_name":"Jialuo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4322-4285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jialuo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4322-4285","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100319491","display_name":"Jingyi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7113-7635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingyi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7113-7635","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078711649","display_name":"Xingjun Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2099-4973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingjun Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2099-4973","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060663223","display_name":"Youcheng Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1893-6259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youcheng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Manchester"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1893-6259","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Manchester","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100429004","display_name":"Jun Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3545-1392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Management University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3545-1392","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Management University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100683238","display_name":"Peixin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5039-5651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peixin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5039-5651","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051951845","display_name":"Peng Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4221-2162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4221-2162","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9579,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8849946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"5","first_page":"1","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7949604988098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7436564564704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-assurance","display_name":"Quality assurance","score":0.6312167644500732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5108096599578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5102832317352295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4902363419532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness-testing","display_name":"Robustness testing","score":0.4693497121334076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-box-testing","display_name":"White-box testing","score":0.4581119418144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.43897753953933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-under-test","display_name":"System under test","score":0.4338952600955963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.43059295415878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.38967809081077576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33145418763160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.31559139490127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-case","display_name":"Test case","score":0.3148253858089447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.2677129805088043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7949604988098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7436564564704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.6312167644500732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5108096599578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5102832317352295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4902363419532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137726913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353550","display_name":"Robustness testing","level":3,"score":0.4693497121334076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162443782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066228","display_name":"White-box testing","level":5,"score":0.4581119418144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.43897753953933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108913964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2376856","display_name":"System under test","level":4,"score":0.4338952600955963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.43059295415878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.38967809081077576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33145418763160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.31559139490127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.3148253858089447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.2677129805088043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3582573","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3582573","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/d07ec612-0fb2-4579-86ee-895741c0bc86","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/d07ec612-0fb2-4579-86ee-895741c0bc86","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chen, J, Wang, J, Ma, X, Sun, Y, Sun, J, Zhang, P & Cheng, P 2023, 'QuoTe: Quality-oriented Testing for Deep Learning Systems', ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology. https://doi.org/10.1145/3582573","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-8788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/7785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3582573","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/d07ec612-0fb2-4579-86ee-895741c0bc86","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://uom.elsevierpure.com/en/publications/d07ec612-0fb2-4579-86ee-895741c0bc86","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Chen, J, Wang, J, Ma, X, Sun, Y, Sun, J, Zhang, P & Cheng, P 2023, 'QuoTe: Quality-oriented Testing for Deep Learning Systems', ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology. https://doi.org/10.1145/3582573","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/d07ec612-0fb2-4579-86ee-895741c0bc86","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/d07ec612-0fb2-4579-86ee-895741c0bc86","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chen, J, Wang, J, Ma, X, Sun, Y, Sun, J, Zhang, P & Cheng, P 2023, 'QuoTe: Quality-oriented Testing for Deep Learning Systems', ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology. https://doi.org/10.1145/3582573","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4743118477","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFB2010901","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W317957491","https://openalex.org/W1503398984","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1892947258","https://openalex.org/W1965194038","https://openalex.org/W2051846789","https://openalex.org/W2065948900","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2125186487","https://openalex.org/W2130486630","https://openalex.org/W2139137304","https://openalex.org/W2162739315","https://openalex.org/W2180612164","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2325939864","https://openalex.org/W2543296129","https://openalex.org/W2604292070","https://openalex.org/W2616028256","https://openalex.org/W2730550703","https://openalex.org/W2750384547","https://openalex.org/W2754537581","https://openalex.org/W2793350103","https://openalex.org/W2795283266","https://openalex.org/W2799107510","https://openalex.org/W2804337238","https://openalex.org/W2809701591","https://openalex.org/W2884801476","https://openalex.org/W2886368623","https://openalex.org/W2888824816","https://openalex.org/W2900153411","https://openalex.org/W2913848079","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2924551358","https://openalex.org/W2952230511","https://openalex.org/W2954855426","https://openalex.org/W2957905354","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963308851","https://openalex.org/W2963327228","https://openalex.org/W2963440492","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2963913218","https://openalex.org/W2964164993","https://openalex.org/W2967682612","https://openalex.org/W2974147052","https://openalex.org/W2982232682","https://openalex.org/W3002398329","https://openalex.org/W3007157104","https://openalex.org/W3021182036","https://openalex.org/W3035447895","https://openalex.org/W3042703469","https://openalex.org/W3043716470","https://openalex.org/W3087720408","https://openalex.org/W3090643686","https://openalex.org/W3092751871","https://openalex.org/W3105507623","https://openalex.org/W3120485916","https://openalex.org/W3120991880","https://openalex.org/W3124058431","https://openalex.org/W3184863899","https://openalex.org/W3192727323","https://openalex.org/W3211582630","https://openalex.org/W4212774754","https://openalex.org/W4221142422","https://openalex.org/W4224214784","https://openalex.org/W4285490447","https://openalex.org/W4288360086","https://openalex.org/W4291213652","https://openalex.org/W6683738474","https://openalex.org/W6758975236","https://openalex.org/W6762185178","https://openalex.org/W6980954492"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2210085315","https://openalex.org/W12495686","https://openalex.org/W1969158622","https://openalex.org/W2184612063","https://openalex.org/W2003200839","https://openalex.org/W2967858513","https://openalex.org/W3155744979","https://openalex.org/W139286382","https://openalex.org/W4285178210","https://openalex.org/W4226279950"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"there":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"significant":[4],"growth":[5],"of":[6,17,32,35,49,97,128,138,147,157,189,206,214],"interest":[7,148],"in":[8,142,216],"applying":[9],"software":[10],"engineering":[11],"techniques":[12],"for":[13,175],"the":[14,47,59,82,95,98,136,144,154,158,164,192,210],"quality":[15,79,100,156],"assurance":[16],"deep":[18],"learning":[19],"(DL)":[20],"systems.":[21],"One":[22],"popular":[23],"direction":[24],"is":[25,130,182],"DL":[26,36,70,218],"testing\u2014that":[27],"is,":[28,221],"given":[29],"a":[30,112,131,184,204,226],"property":[31,146,160],"test,":[33],"defects":[34],"systems":[37],"are":[38,64,73,88],"found":[39],"either":[40],"by":[41,67,110],"fuzzing":[42],"or":[43,170],"guided":[44],"search":[45],"with":[46,77,203],"help":[48],"certain":[50],"testing":[51,71,114,229],"metrics.":[52],"However,":[53],"recent":[54],"studies":[55],"have":[56],"revealed":[57],"that":[58],"neuron":[60],"coverage":[61],"metrics,":[62],"which":[63],"commonly":[65],"used":[66],"most":[68,83],"existing":[69],"approaches,":[72],"not":[74,90],"necessarily":[75],"correlated":[76],"model":[78,85,99,145,159,177,207,219,245],"(e.g.,":[80,239],"robustness,":[81],"studied":[84],"property),":[86],"and":[87,152,200,212,223],"also":[89,183],"an":[91],"effective":[92],"measurement":[93,133],"on":[94,134,197],"confidence":[96],"after":[101],"testing.":[102],"In":[103],"this":[104,108],"work,":[105],"we":[106],"address":[107],"gap":[109],"proposing":[111],"novel":[113],"framework":[115],"called":[116],"QuoTe":[117,129,162,215],"(i.e.,":[118],"Qu":[119],"ality-":[120],"o":[121],"riented":[122],"Te":[123],"sting).":[124],"A":[125],"key":[126],"part":[127],"quantitative":[132],"(1)":[135],"value":[137],"each":[139],"test":[140,173],"case":[141],"enhancing":[143],"(often":[149],"via":[150],"retraining)":[151],"(2)":[153],"convergence":[155],"improvement.":[161],"utilizes":[163],"proposed":[165,180],"metric":[166,181],"to":[167,236],"automatically":[168],"select":[169],"generate":[171],"valuable":[172],"cases":[174],"improving":[176,217],"quality.":[178],"The":[179],"lightweight":[185],"yet":[186],"strong":[187],"indicator":[188],"how":[190],"well":[191,242],"improvement":[193],"converged.":[194],"Extensive":[195],"experiments":[196],"both":[198],"image":[199],"tabular":[201],"datasets":[202],"variety":[205],"architectures":[208],"confirm":[209],"effectiveness":[211],"efficiency":[213],"quality\u2014that":[220],"robustness":[222],"fairness.":[224],"As":[225],"generic":[227],"quality-oriented":[228],"framework,":[230],"future":[231],"adaptations":[232],"can":[233],"be":[234],"made":[235],"other":[237,244],"domains":[238],"text)":[240],"as":[241,243],"properties.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2023-02-11T00:00:00"}