{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4364361193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3582437.3587206","title":"Lode Enhancer: Level Co-creation Through Scaling","display_name":"Lode Enhancer: Level Co-creation Through Scaling","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4364361193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3582437.3587206"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3582437.3587206","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3582437.3587206","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.01543","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033163624","display_name":"Debosmita Bhaumik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3800-5208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","display_name":"University of Malta","ror":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60","country_code":"MT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}],"countries":["MT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Debosmita Bhaumik","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Malta, Malta"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3800-5208","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Malta, Malta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077267552","display_name":"Julian Togelius","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-4598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803050950","display_name":"Danish Ministry of Defence","ror":"https://ror.org/02ncgfj77","country_code":"DK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803050950"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["DK","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Togelius","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University, United States and modl.ai, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-4598","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University, United States and modl.ai, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803050950","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072029181","display_name":"Georgios N. Yannakakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7793-1450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","display_name":"University of Malta","ror":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60","country_code":"MT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}],"countries":["MT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios N. Yannakakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Malta, Malta and modl.ai, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7793-1450","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Malta, Malta and modl.ai, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025547740","display_name":"Ahmed Khalifa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7839-9432"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","display_name":"University of Malta","ror":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60","country_code":"MT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}],"countries":["MT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Khalifa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Malta, Malta"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7839-9432","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Malta, Malta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033163624"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4943,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67550154,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lode","display_name":"Lode","score":0.8943935632705688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7694811820983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.667743980884552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4836036264896393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.4816412031650543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46782606840133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.46173322200775146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.42208540439605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.36430326104164124}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58625266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256418","display_name":"Lode","level":2,"score":0.8943935632705688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7694811820983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.667743980884552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4836036264896393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.4816412031650543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46782606840133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.46173322200775146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.42208540439605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.36430326104164124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3582437.3587206","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3582437.3587206","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2308.01543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.01543","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.01543","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2308.01543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.01543","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.01543","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4364361193.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4364361193.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54257720","https://openalex.org/W2022314692","https://openalex.org/W2534314849","https://openalex.org/W2944678459","https://openalex.org/W2975116180","https://openalex.org/W3106433390","https://openalex.org/W3182186294","https://openalex.org/W3206507930","https://openalex.org/W4205094101","https://openalex.org/W4287691962"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2382811263","https://openalex.org/W2352230310","https://openalex.org/W1969669722","https://openalex.org/W1121034699","https://openalex.org/W2391607634","https://openalex.org/W2949425345","https://openalex.org/W2591633532","https://openalex.org/W67174817","https://openalex.org/W2773087442","https://openalex.org/W2156992437"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,95],"explore":[1],"AI-powered":[2],"upscaling":[3,75,108],"as":[4],"a":[5,42,97,131],"design":[6],"assistance":[7],"tool":[8,124],"in":[9],"the":[10,30,46,71,120,147],"context":[11],"of":[12,27,57,104,122],"creating":[13],"2D":[14],"game":[15,33],"levels.":[16],"Deep":[17],"neural":[18,89,98],"networks":[19,38,90],"are":[20,39],"used":[21],"to":[22,70,91,114,137],"upscale":[23],"artificially":[24],"downscaled":[25],"patches":[26],"levels":[28,52,56],"from":[29],"puzzle":[31],"platformer":[32],"Lode":[34],"Runner.":[35],"The":[36],"trained":[37],"incorporated":[40],"into":[41],"web-based":[43],"editor,":[44],"where":[45],"user":[47],"can":[48],"create":[49],"and":[50,61,125,153],"edit":[51,64],"at":[53,65,84],"three":[54],"different":[55],"resolution:":[58],"4x4,":[59],"8x8,":[60],"16x16.":[62],"An":[63],"any":[66],"resolution":[67],"instantly":[68],"transfers":[69],"other":[72],"resolutions.":[73],"As":[74],"requires":[76],"inventing":[77],"features":[78],"that":[79,101],"might":[80],"not":[81,105],"be":[82],"present":[83],"lower":[85],"resolutions,":[86],"we":[87,129],"train":[88],"reproduce":[92],"these":[93],"features.":[94],"introduce":[96],"network":[99],"architecture":[100],"is":[102],"capable":[103],"only":[106],"learning":[107],"but":[109],"also":[110],"giving":[111],"higher":[112],"priority":[113],"less":[115],"frequent":[116],"tiles.":[117],"To":[118],"investigate":[119],"potential":[121],"this":[123],"guide":[126],"further":[127,157],"development,":[128],"conduct":[130],"qualitative":[132],"study":[133],"with":[134,146],"3":[135],"designers":[136],"understand":[138],"how":[139],"they":[140],"use":[141],"it.":[142],"Designers":[143],"enjoyed":[144],"co-designing":[145],"tool,":[148],"liked":[149],"its":[150],"underlying":[151],"concept,":[152],"provided":[154],"feedback":[155],"for":[156],"improvement.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}