{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383221572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3579856.3595793","title":"Investigating Traffic Analysis Attacks on Apple iCloud Private Relay","display_name":"Investigating Traffic Analysis Attacks on Apple iCloud Private Relay","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383221572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3579856.3595793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3579856.3595793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3579856.3595793","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101837597","display_name":"Zohaib Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6674-8909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ali Zohaib","raw_affiliation_strings":["UMass Amherst, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6674-8909","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMass Amherst, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064176333","display_name":"Jade Sheffey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-9267"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jade Sheffey","raw_affiliation_strings":["UMass Amherst, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-9267","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMass Amherst, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018588864","display_name":"Amir Houmansadr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7553-6657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Houmansadr","raw_affiliation_strings":["UMass Amherst, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7553-6657","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMass Amherst, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101837597"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6816,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7501914,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"773","last_page":"784"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.7420719265937805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6675238609313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5928691625595093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-analysis","display_name":"Traffic analysis","score":0.5035166144371033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-traffic","display_name":"Web traffic","score":0.46830546855926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.46705377101898193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4610286355018616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-service","display_name":"Web service","score":0.4474569857120514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3525961637496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.34243881702423096}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.7420719265937805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6675238609313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5928691625595093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781317605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7832483","display_name":"Traffic analysis","level":2,"score":0.5035166144371033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777672014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172573","display_name":"Web traffic","level":3,"score":0.46830546855926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.46705377101898193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4610286355018616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35578498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193424","display_name":"Web service","level":2,"score":0.4474569857120514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3525961637496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.34243881702423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3579856.3595793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3579856.3595793","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3611929494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DARPA-RA-21-03- 09-YFA9-FP-003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6058957315","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NS-1953786","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1655958391","https://openalex.org/W2004993199","https://openalex.org/W2012210084","https://openalex.org/W2012574038","https://openalex.org/W2099829430","https://openalex.org/W2108217512","https://openalex.org/W2146148058","https://openalex.org/W2151972741","https://openalex.org/W2269460187","https://openalex.org/W2272516773","https://openalex.org/W2275499081","https://openalex.org/W2311773231","https://openalex.org/W2485000773","https://openalex.org/W2783301790","https://openalex.org/W2793024185","https://openalex.org/W2806616617","https://openalex.org/W2892381525","https://openalex.org/W2963890727","https://openalex.org/W2978599067","https://openalex.org/W3015990833","https://openalex.org/W3103367901","https://openalex.org/W4288057717","https://openalex.org/W4293281904","https://openalex.org/W6695009093"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W260288676","https://openalex.org/W2198977010","https://openalex.org/W151092709","https://openalex.org/W1608222975","https://openalex.org/W1976462977","https://openalex.org/W2783693048","https://openalex.org/W2082364538","https://openalex.org/W1122233105","https://openalex.org/W2154444759","https://openalex.org/W2151854443"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,38],"iCloud":[1],"Private":[2],"Relay":[3],"(PR)":[4],"is":[5,40,57],"a":[6,23,49,53],"new":[7],"feature":[8],"introduced":[9],"by":[10,21,63],"Apple":[11],"in":[12],"June":[13],"2021":[14],"that":[15,34],"aims":[16],"to":[17],"enhance":[18],"online":[19],"privacy":[20],"protecting":[22],"subset":[24],"of":[25],"web":[26,55],"traffic":[27,56],"from":[28],"both":[29],"local":[30],"eavesdroppers":[31],"and":[32,47],"websites":[33],"use":[35],"IP-based":[36],"tracking.":[37],"service":[39],"integrated":[41],"into":[42],"Apple\u2019s":[43],"latest":[44],"operating":[45],"systems":[46],"uses":[48],"two-hop":[50],"architecture":[51],"where":[52],"user\u2019s":[54],"relayed":[58],"through":[59],"two":[60],"proxies":[61],"run":[62],"disjoint":[64],"entities.":[65]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}