{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4322762499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3579449","title":"Duo: A High-Throughput Reconfigurable Datacenter Network Using Local Routing and Control","display_name":"Duo: A High-Throughput Reconfigurable Datacenter Network Using Local Routing and Control","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4322762499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3579449"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3579449","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3579449","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3579449","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3579449","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083915191","display_name":"Johannes Zerwas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-7305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes Zerwas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-7305","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081807660","display_name":"Csaba Gy\u00f6rgyi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8083-3277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106118109","display_name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jsq2704","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Csaba Gy\u00f6rgyi","raw_affiliation_strings":["ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University & University of Vienna, Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8083-3277","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University & University of Vienna, Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010345569","display_name":"Andreas Blenk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2001-4050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325886976","display_name":"Siemens (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/059mq0909","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Blenk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Siemens AG, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2001-4050","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Siemens AG, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066080641","display_name":"Stefan Schmid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7798-1711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133470","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt2gs44","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Schmid","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Berlin & Fraunhofer SIT, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7798-1711","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Berlin & Fraunhofer SIT, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470","https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010846539","display_name":"Chen Avin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6647-8002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Avin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6647-8002","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.3576,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98297698,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7781556248664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.6198315620422363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5585184097290039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-table","display_name":"Routing table","score":0.4968152344226837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.48436006903648376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.43760427832603455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4373365044593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.4331554174423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-routing","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","score":0.417726069688797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.417331337928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3491230607032776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-routing","display_name":"Static routing","score":0.3311953544616699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.30196577310562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11295828223228455}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7781556248664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6198315620422363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5585184097290039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184896649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290066","display_name":"Routing table","level":4,"score":0.4968152344226837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.48436006903648376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.43760427832603455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4373365044593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.4331554174423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177818476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12878103","display_name":"Hierarchical routing","level":5,"score":0.417726069688797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.417331337928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3491230607032776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.3311953544616699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.30196577310562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11295828223228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3579449","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3579449","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3579449","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1695371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1695371","pdf_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/doc/1695371/document.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/450851","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/450851","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3579449","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3579449","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3579449","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434337789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5280388049","display_name":"Framework f\u00fcr selbstfahrende Netze basierend auf Methoden des gegnerischen Entwurfs (ADVISE)","funder_award_id":"438892507","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8030278888","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"864228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G846475652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"864228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4322762499.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4322762499.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978382073","https://openalex.org/W2009038171","https://openalex.org/W2017036528","https://openalex.org/W2073347669","https://openalex.org/W2097755092","https://openalex.org/W2118428193","https://openalex.org/W2128678576","https://openalex.org/W2130531694","https://openalex.org/W2141810662","https://openalex.org/W2157614013","https://openalex.org/W2157790661","https://openalex.org/W2164740236","https://openalex.org/W2168595508","https://openalex.org/W2315437335","https://openalex.org/W2418208970","https://openalex.org/W2486960733","https://openalex.org/W2551688242","https://openalex.org/W2559492991","https://openalex.org/W2743429249","https://openalex.org/W2744387122","https://openalex.org/W2744462874","https://openalex.org/W2769038759","https://openalex.org/W2810723790","https://openalex.org/W2819181356","https://openalex.org/W2968108410","https://openalex.org/W3002057986","https://openalex.org/W3006030140","https://openalex.org/W3006074501","https://openalex.org/W3046344355","https://openalex.org/W3120138566","https://openalex.org/W3144786718","https://openalex.org/W3159909636","https://openalex.org/W3192435828","https://openalex.org/W3205099977","https://openalex.org/W4200244213","https://openalex.org/W4231891315","https://openalex.org/W4232093111","https://openalex.org/W4235670058","https://openalex.org/W4239036755","https://openalex.org/W4252371503","https://openalex.org/W4290990894","https://openalex.org/W6600168703"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139584334","https://openalex.org/W2168517869","https://openalex.org/W4234214763","https://openalex.org/W2887152003","https://openalex.org/W2127873929","https://openalex.org/W2171842537","https://openalex.org/W2155400411","https://openalex.org/W2352609928","https://openalex.org/W2352561993","https://openalex.org/W2105624008"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"performance":[1],"of":[2,11,57,104,140,259],"many":[3],"cloud-based":[4],"applications":[5],"critically":[6],"depends":[7],"on":[8,93,255],"the":[9,12,22,37,53,94,109,141,216],"capacity":[10,143],"underlying":[13],"datacenter":[14,59,79],"network.":[15],"A":[16],"particularly":[17],"innovative":[18],"approach":[19,201],"to":[20,34,127,215],"improve":[21],"throughput":[23],"in":[24,42,209],"datacenters":[25],"is":[26,61,91,176],"enabled":[27],"by":[28,144],"emerging":[29],"optical":[30,105],"technologies,":[31],"which":[32,165],"allow":[33],"dynamically":[35],"adjust":[36],"physical":[38],"network":[39,80,142,247],"topology,":[40],"both":[41,153],"an":[43],"oblivious":[44],"or":[45],"demand-aware":[46,76],"manner.":[47],"However,":[48],"such":[49],"topology":[50,98,114],"engineering,":[51],"i.e.,":[52],"operation":[54],"and":[55,64,69,86,108,147,155,219,240,248,262],"control":[56,88,261],"dynamic":[58,119,156,204,220],"networks,":[60],"considered":[62],"complex":[63],"currently":[65],"comes":[66],"with":[67,83,184],"restrictions":[68],"overheads.":[70],"We":[71,206,223,252],"present":[72],"Duo,":[73],"a":[74,84,101,161,256],"novel":[75],"reconfigurable":[77],"rack-to-rack":[78],"design":[81],"realized":[82],"simple":[85],"efficient":[87],"plane.":[89,264],"Duo":[90,130,171,208,226],"based":[92],"well-known":[95],"de":[96],"Bruijn":[97],"(implemented":[99],"using":[100,118,178,245],"small":[102,185],"number":[103],"circuit":[106],"switches)":[107],"key":[110],"observation":[111],"that":[112,151,175,225],"this":[113,200],"can":[115],"be":[116],"enhanced":[117],"(''opportunistic'')":[120],"links":[121],"between":[122],"its":[123],"nodes.":[124],"In":[125],"contrast":[126],"previous":[128],"systems,":[129],"has":[131],"several":[132],"desired":[133],"features:":[134],"i)":[135],"It":[136,159],"makes":[137],"effective":[138],"use":[139],"supporting":[145],"integrated":[146],"multi-hop":[148],"routing":[149,174,193],"(paths":[150],"combine":[152],"static":[154,218],"links).":[157],"ii)":[158],"uses":[160],"work-conserving":[162],"queue":[163],"scheduling":[164],"enables":[166],"out-of-the-box":[167],"TCP":[168],"support.":[169],"iii)":[170],"employs":[172],"greedy":[173],"implemented":[177],"standard":[179],"IP":[180],"longest":[181],"prefix":[182],"match":[183],"forwarding":[186],"tables.":[187],"And":[188],"iv)":[189],"during":[190],"topological":[191],"reconfigurations,":[192],"tables":[194],"require":[195],"only":[196],"local":[197],"updates,":[198],"making":[199],"ideal":[202],"for":[203,236],"networks.":[205],"evaluate":[207],"end-to-end":[210],"packet-level":[211],"simulations,":[212],"comparing":[213],"it":[214],"state-of-the-art":[217],"networks":[221],"designs.":[222],"show":[224],"provides":[227],"higher":[228],"throughput,":[229],"shorter":[230],"paths,":[231],"lower":[232],"flow":[233],"completion":[234],"times":[235],"high":[237],"priority":[238],"flows,":[239],"minimal":[241],"packet":[242],"reordering,":[243],"all":[244],"existing":[246],"transport":[249],"layer":[250],"protocols.":[251],"also":[253],"report":[254],"proof-of-concept":[257],"implementation":[258],"Duo's":[260],"data":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}