{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4361750410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575879.3576022","title":"Quantum Key Distribution: Basic Protocols and Threats","display_name":"Quantum Key Distribution: Basic Protocols and Threats","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4361750410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575879.3576022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3575879.3576022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575879.3576022","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3575879.3576022","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3575879.3576022","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011190697","display_name":"Maria Sabani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6216-9122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145722265","display_name":"University of Thessaly","ror":"https://ror.org/04v4g9h31","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Sabani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Thessaly, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6216-9122","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Thessaly, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067825806","display_name":"Ilias \u039a. Savvas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2060-0911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145722265","display_name":"University of Thessaly","ror":"https://ror.org/04v4g9h31","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilias Savvas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Thessaly, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2060-0911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Thessaly, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055114955","display_name":"Dimitrios Poulakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7954-4796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Poulakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7954-4796","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060369445","display_name":"Georgios C. Makris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0246-4258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145722265","display_name":"University of Thessaly","ror":"https://ror.org/04v4g9h31","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Makris","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Thessaly, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0246-4258","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Thessaly, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.081,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89108398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"383","last_page":"388"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-cryptography","display_name":"Quantum cryptography","score":0.8208569884300232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-key-distribution","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","score":0.7929943799972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6816191673278809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.5749397277832031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-network","display_name":"Quantum network","score":0.5504506826400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5075129270553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5010349750518799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4603566527366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.4492996633052826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bb84","display_name":"BB84","score":0.44349873065948486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-information","display_name":"Quantum information","score":0.43996328115463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.36232027411460876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.33110010623931885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12992292642593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.1278567612171173}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144901912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471906","display_name":"Quantum cryptography","level":4,"score":0.8208569884300232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95466800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027298","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","level":3,"score":0.7929943799972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6816191673278809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.5749397277832031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186468114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836478","display_name":"Quantum network","level":4,"score":0.5504506826400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5075129270553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5010349750518799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4603566527366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4492996633052826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78203541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2566969","display_name":"BB84","level":5,"score":0.44349873065948486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.43996328115463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.36232027411460876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.33110010623931885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12992292642593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1278567612171173}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3575879.3576022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575879.3576022","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3575879.3576022","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3575879.3576022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575879.3576022","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3575879.3576022","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4361750410.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4361750410.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968204762","https://openalex.org/W1986407511","https://openalex.org/W2003570674","https://openalex.org/W2006226307","https://openalex.org/W2007661134","https://openalex.org/W2011682372","https://openalex.org/W2041251400","https://openalex.org/W2042664564","https://openalex.org/W2051051926","https://openalex.org/W2053824283","https://openalex.org/W2054518789","https://openalex.org/W2064256851","https://openalex.org/W2073384645","https://openalex.org/W2086282328","https://openalex.org/W2093075119","https://openalex.org/W2095854942","https://openalex.org/W2110033949","https://openalex.org/W2117184768","https://openalex.org/W2129371739","https://openalex.org/W2140192101","https://openalex.org/W2336770924","https://openalex.org/W2764347725","https://openalex.org/W3195636193","https://openalex.org/W4299879363"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3099174309","https://openalex.org/W1981490142","https://openalex.org/W4390997098","https://openalex.org/W4240944159","https://openalex.org/W3093547713","https://openalex.org/W3217264812","https://openalex.org/W2336878745","https://openalex.org/W2374628129","https://openalex.org/W4225316268","https://openalex.org/W2064775687"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"last":[1],"decade,":[2],"the":[3,23,26,48,60,103],"evolution":[4],"in":[5],"quantum":[6,15,28,51,82,88,104,111],"computing":[7,52],"has":[8],"been":[9,74],"enormous":[10],"and":[11,13,56,65,68,84,114],"real":[12],"reliable":[14],"computers":[16],"are":[17,41,108],"being":[18],"developed":[19],"quickly.":[20],"One":[21],"of":[22,25,39,63,70],"consequences":[24],"upcoming":[27],"era":[29],"is":[30],"to":[31],"make":[32],"key":[33,89],"distribution":[34,90],"protocols":[35],"insecure,":[36],"as":[37],"most":[38],"them":[40,71],"based":[42,109],"on":[43,110],"discrete":[44],"algorithm":[45],"problems.":[46],"On":[47],"other":[49],"hand,":[50],"provides":[53],"a":[54],"powerful":[55],"prominent":[57],"tool":[58],"for":[59],"safe":[61],"transmission":[62],"information":[64],"cryptographic":[66,105],"schemes":[67,106],"many":[69],"have":[72],"already":[73],"proposed.":[75],"In":[76],"this":[77],"work,":[78],"we":[79,85],"discuss":[80,94],"about":[81,95],"cryptography":[83],"present":[86],"certain":[87],"protocols.":[91],"We":[92],"also":[93],"\u2018potential":[96],"attacks":[97],"that":[98],"can":[99],"be":[100],"performed":[101],"against":[102],"which":[107],"system\u2019s":[112],"imperfections":[113],"loopholes.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}