{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4318541674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575693.3575750","title":"MC Mutants: Evaluating and Improving Testing for Memory Consistency Specifications","display_name":"MC Mutants: Evaluating and Improving Testing for Memory Consistency Specifications","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4318541674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575693.3575750"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3575693.3575750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575693.3575750","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3575693.3575750","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3575693.3575750","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065723018","display_name":"Reese Levine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1324-0738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Reese Levine","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Santa Cruz, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Santa Cruz, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025568654","display_name":"Tianhao Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1317-868X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianhao Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University, USA / University of California at Santa Cruz, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University, USA / University of California at Santa Cruz, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057500478","display_name":"Mingun Cho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingun Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Davis, USA / University of California at Santa Cruz, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Davis, USA / University of California at Santa Cruz, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030608214","display_name":"Alan Baker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0178-1983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148186","display_name":"Google (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d06q394","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969","https://openalex.org/I4210148186"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026296435","display_name":"Raph Levien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4592-3389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raph Levien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086202336","display_name":"David Neto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-5896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148186","display_name":"Google (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d06q394","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969","https://openalex.org/I4210148186"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Neto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054902250","display_name":"Andrew Quinn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0785-4119"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Quinn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Santa Cruz, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Santa Cruz, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052590511","display_name":"Tyler Sorensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1646-7935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tyler Sorensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Santa Cruz, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Santa Cruz, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065723018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5021,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87884008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"473","last_page":"488"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7754802703857422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.756027340888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5940166711807251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4773830771446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.47034600377082825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-bug","display_name":"Software bug","score":0.43335163593292236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3707607686519623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3639192581176758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.308244526386261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.2984788119792938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13558468222618103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10829314589500427}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7754802703857422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.756027340888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5940166711807251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4773830771446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.47034600377082825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1009929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179550","display_name":"Software bug","level":3,"score":0.43335163593292236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3707607686519623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3639192581176758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.308244526386261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2984788119792938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13558468222618103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10829314589500427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3575693.3575750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575693.3575750","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3575693.3575750","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3575693.3575750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575693.3575750","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3575693.3575750","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4318541674.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4318541674.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525350307","https://openalex.org/W1594228127","https://openalex.org/W1877513498","https://openalex.org/W1945229733","https://openalex.org/W2027711654","https://openalex.org/W2049695835","https://openalex.org/W2054739713","https://openalex.org/W2096956970","https://openalex.org/W2110879934","https://openalex.org/W2127187973","https://openalex.org/W2135841285","https://openalex.org/W2150618958","https://openalex.org/W2153636750","https://openalex.org/W2301631282","https://openalex.org/W2553522901","https://openalex.org/W2625764229","https://openalex.org/W2738891045","https://openalex.org/W2765586026","https://openalex.org/W2935389012","https://openalex.org/W2960013457","https://openalex.org/W3012356635","https://openalex.org/W3028520121","https://openalex.org/W3098619491","https://openalex.org/W3101131858","https://openalex.org/W3107477519","https://openalex.org/W4234066571","https://openalex.org/W4251361517","https://openalex.org/W6931540979"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1603736412","https://openalex.org/W4304185162","https://openalex.org/W2061685118","https://openalex.org/W3006282800","https://openalex.org/W2462100143","https://openalex.org/W1770503332","https://openalex.org/W3125207769","https://openalex.org/W2577825108","https://openalex.org/W2086008440","https://openalex.org/W2621101275"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Shared":[0],"memory":[1,5,58],"platforms":[2],"provide":[3],"a":[4,24,83],"consistency":[6],"specification":[7],"(MCS)":[8],"so":[9],"that":[10,23],"developers":[11],"can":[12],"reason":[13],"about":[14],"the":[15,52],"behaviors":[16],"of":[17],"their":[18,48],"parallel":[19],"programs.":[20],"Unfortunately,":[21],"ensuring":[22],"platform":[25],"conforms":[26],"to":[27,67,76],"its":[28],"MCS":[29,43,62,71,90],"is":[30,33,60],"difficult,":[31],"as":[32,78],"exemplified":[34],"by":[35],"numerous":[36],"bugs":[37],"in":[38],"well-used":[39],"platforms.":[40],"While":[41],"existing":[42],"testing":[44,53,63],"approaches":[45,86],"find":[46],"bugs,":[47],"efficacy":[49,80],"depends":[50],"on":[51],"environment":[54],"(e.g.":[55],"if":[56],"synthetic":[57],"pressure":[59],"applied).":[61],"environments":[64],"are":[65,73],"difficult":[66],"evaluate":[68],"since":[69],"legitimate":[70],"violations":[72],"too":[74],"rare":[75],"use":[77],"an":[79],"metric.":[81],"As":[82],"result,":[84],"prior":[85],"have":[87],"missed":[88],"critical":[89],"bugs.":[91]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}