{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4318541678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575693.3575716","title":"Copy-on-Pin: The Missing Piece for Correct Copy-on-Write","display_name":"Copy-on-Pin: The Missing Piece for Correct Copy-on-Write","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4318541678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575693.3575716"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3575693.3575716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575693.3575716","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032381479","display_name":"David Hildenbrand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1138-0750"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Hildenbrand","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Munich, Germany / Red Hat, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Munich, Germany / Red Hat, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045289712","display_name":"Martin Schulz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-435X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Schulz","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Munich, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088968741","display_name":"Nadav Amit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6643-6232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74786994","display_name":"Kitware (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02s2acn37","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74786994"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadav Amit","raw_affiliation_strings":["VMware, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VMware, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74786994"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032381479"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5098,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69218239,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"176","last_page":"191"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8155972361564636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.7497785091400146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copying","display_name":"Copying","score":0.7094250917434692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.5555638074874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/page-fault","display_name":"Page fault","score":0.4920136630535126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4305562376976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3216220736503601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-management","display_name":"Memory management","score":0.2893527150154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-memory","display_name":"Virtual memory","score":0.229335755109787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8155972361564636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.7497785091400146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779151265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156791","display_name":"Copying","level":2,"score":0.7094250917434692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.5555638074874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193343404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928607","display_name":"Page fault","level":5,"score":0.4920136630535126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4305562376976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3216220736503601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176649486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308807","display_name":"Memory management","level":3,"score":0.2893527150154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76399640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189401","display_name":"Virtual memory","level":4,"score":0.229335755109787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136085584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910289","display_name":"Overlay","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3575693.3575716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3575693.3575716","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980985741","https://openalex.org/W2001703874","https://openalex.org/W2010778676","https://openalex.org/W2013592197","https://openalex.org/W2024109642","https://openalex.org/W2060616331","https://openalex.org/W2078348653","https://openalex.org/W2094544964","https://openalex.org/W2112177563","https://openalex.org/W2113222340","https://openalex.org/W2121542813","https://openalex.org/W2154142155","https://openalex.org/W2516668814","https://openalex.org/W2577104238","https://openalex.org/W2602366239","https://openalex.org/W2766647240","https://openalex.org/W2788258096","https://openalex.org/W2806485412","https://openalex.org/W2911076778","https://openalex.org/W2937118960","https://openalex.org/W2954913846","https://openalex.org/W2964108026","https://openalex.org/W2971082801","https://openalex.org/W2972777031","https://openalex.org/W2983415467","https://openalex.org/W2998448248","https://openalex.org/W3015163924","https://openalex.org/W3082475596","https://openalex.org/W3136127207","https://openalex.org/W3159422333","https://openalex.org/W3198770935","https://openalex.org/W4210501679","https://openalex.org/W4231945399","https://openalex.org/W6931494235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308771405","https://openalex.org/W2355873265","https://openalex.org/W2963669501","https://openalex.org/W3080197661","https://openalex.org/W4318471783","https://openalex.org/W2760667490","https://openalex.org/W2991781269","https://openalex.org/W775724729","https://openalex.org/W4254817417","https://openalex.org/W2121542813"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Operating":[0],"systems":[1,45],"utilize":[2],"Copy-on-Write":[3],"(COW)":[4],"to":[5,40,47,53,142],"conserve":[6],"memory":[7,26,50],"and":[8,27,52,92,94,133,170,188,220],"improve":[9],"performance.":[10,232],"During":[11],"the":[12,58,101,122,151,158],"last":[13],"two":[14],"decades,":[15],"a":[16,180,203],"series":[17],"of":[18,35,61,116,157,183,212],"COW-related":[19],"bugs":[20,37,63,88],"-":[21,30],"which":[22,43,135,206],"compromised":[23],"security,":[24],"corrupted":[25],"degraded":[28],"performance":[29,187],"was":[31],"found.":[32],"The":[33],"majority":[34],"these":[36,62],"are":[38,173,193],"related":[39],"page":[41,107,213],"\"pinning\",":[42],"operating":[44],"employ":[46],"access":[48],"process":[49],"efficiently":[51],"perform":[54],"direct":[55],"I/O.":[56],"Unfortunately,":[57],"true":[59],"cause":[60],"is":[64],"not":[65,105,208],"well":[66],"understood,":[67],"resulting":[68,110],"in":[69,89,111,226],"incomplete":[70],"bug":[71],"fixes.":[72],"We":[73,119],"show":[74],"this":[75,147,184],"by:":[76],"(1)":[77],"surveying":[78],"previously":[79],"reported":[80],"pinning-related":[81],"COW":[82,102,159],"bugs;":[83],"(2)":[84],"uncovering":[85],"new":[86],"such":[87],"Linux,":[90],"FreeBSD,":[91],"NetBSD;":[93],"(3)":[95],"showing":[96],"that":[97,161,179],"they":[98],"occur":[99],"because":[100],"logic":[103],"does":[104,207],"consider":[106],"pinnings":[108],"correctly,":[109],"incorrect":[112],"behavior":[113],"(e.g.,":[114],"I/O":[115],"stale":[117],"data).":[118],"then":[120],"address":[121],"underlying":[123],"problem":[124],"by":[125,166],"deriving":[126],"when/how":[127],"shared":[128,141,171],"pages":[129,138,164,169,172,192,225],"must":[130],"be":[131,140],"copied":[132,194],"under":[134],"conditions":[136],"pinned":[137,163,168],"can":[139],"maintain":[143],"correctness.":[144],"Based":[145],"on":[146],"assessment,":[148],"we":[149,177,201],"introduce":[150,202],"\"Copy-on-Pin":[152],"(COP)\"":[153],"scheme,":[154],"an":[155],"extension":[156],"mechanism":[160],"handles":[162],"correctly":[165],"ensuring":[167],"mutually":[174],"exclusive.":[175],"However,":[176],"find":[178],"naive":[181],"implementation":[182],"scheme":[185],"hampers":[186],"increases":[189],"complexity":[190],"if":[191],"only":[195],"when":[196],"strictly":[197],"necessary.":[198],"To":[199],"compensate,":[200],"relaxed-COP":[204,234],"design,":[205],"require":[209],"precise":[210],"tracking":[211],"sharing,":[214],"maintains":[215],"correctness":[216],"without":[217],"increasing":[218],"complexity,":[219],"(while":[221],"potentially":[222],"needlessly":[223],"copying":[224],"some":[227],"corner":[228],"cases)":[229],"marginally":[230],"improves":[231],"Our":[233],"solution":[235],"has":[236],"been":[237],"integrated":[238],"into":[239],"Linux":[240],"5.19.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}