{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309287962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3571728","title":"Machine Learning Applications in Internet-of-Drones: Systematic Review, Recent Deployments, and Open Issues","display_name":"Machine Learning Applications in Internet-of-Drones: Systematic Review, Recent Deployments, and Open Issues","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309287962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3571728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3571728","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3571728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157921468","display_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","issn_l":"0360-0300","issn":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086695777","display_name":"Arash Heidari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4279-8551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293555014","display_name":"Islamic Azad University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/04hnf9a51","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I1293555014"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arash Heidari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4279-8551","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293555014"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007907571","display_name":"Nima Jafari Navimipour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5514-5536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132286405","display_name":"Kadir Has University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzckc47","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132286405"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nima Jafari Navimipour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Douliou, Yunlin, Taiwan, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5514-5536","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Douliou, Yunlin, Taiwan, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132286405"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000387573","display_name":"Mehmet \u00dcnal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7912-3844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I282159120","display_name":"\u0130stanbul Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/04tah3159","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I282159120"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehmet Unal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Nisantasi University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7912-3844","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Nisantasi University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I282159120"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026381160","display_name":"Guodao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6264-5854"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guodao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Digital Media Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6264-5854","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Digital Media Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":33.2122,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":183,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":1.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"12","first_page":"1","last_page":"45"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13038","display_name":"Internet of Things and AI","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13693","display_name":"Smart Systems and Machine Learning","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8082314729690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.759734034538269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interconnectivity","display_name":"Interconnectivity","score":0.5946027636528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-research","display_name":"Open research","score":0.563057005405426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5521397590637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42603030800819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.40335866808891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.3631932735443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.34404581785202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.13674601912498474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.1255333125591278}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8082314729690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.759734034538269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25516864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665949","display_name":"Interconnectivity","level":2,"score":0.5946027636528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778464652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309849","display_name":"Open research","level":2,"score":0.563057005405426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5521397590637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42603030800819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.40335866808891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3631932735443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.34404581785202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.13674601912498474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.1255333125591278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3571728","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3571728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157921468","display_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","issn_l":"0360-0300","issn":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":144,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2522615148","https://openalex.org/W2768216293","https://openalex.org/W2795250396","https://openalex.org/W2889655092","https://openalex.org/W2903528516","https://openalex.org/W2944086006","https://openalex.org/W2981066302","https://openalex.org/W2986499130","https://openalex.org/W2990204812","https://openalex.org/W2990442018","https://openalex.org/W2999146029","https://openalex.org/W2999691331","https://openalex.org/W3003933818","https://openalex.org/W3004964302","https://openalex.org/W3005478472","https://openalex.org/W3012163124","https://openalex.org/W3012555737","https://openalex.org/W3015339556","https://openalex.org/W3017403618","https://openalex.org/W3017644243","https://openalex.org/W3018074695","https://openalex.org/W3021622280","https://openalex.org/W3022601977","https://openalex.org/W3033616466","https://openalex.org/W3038241258","https://openalex.org/W3041708388","https://openalex.org/W3042633958","https://openalex.org/W3045543554","https://openalex.org/W3046132566","https://openalex.org/W3047884290","https://openalex.org/W3049663264","https://openalex.org/W3080139731","https://openalex.org/W3081323070","https://openalex.org/W3085145549","https://openalex.org/W3086271189","https://openalex.org/W3089146878","https://openalex.org/W3089831155","https://openalex.org/W3090332370","https://openalex.org/W3094411157","https://openalex.org/W3096167185","https://openalex.org/W3097308740","https://openalex.org/W3098133185","https://openalex.org/W3106649810","https://openalex.org/W3107482673","https://openalex.org/W3110411590","https://openalex.org/W3110741110","https://openalex.org/W3110908156","https://openalex.org/W3111740206","https://openalex.org/W3112140657","https://openalex.org/W3113166045","https://openalex.org/W3113247000","https://openalex.org/W3113453806","https://openalex.org/W3119286118","https://openalex.org/W3119859629","https://openalex.org/W3120210753","https://openalex.org/W3120384685","https://openalex.org/W3121070929","https://openalex.org/W3122431193","https://openalex.org/W3122940834","https://openalex.org/W3127717643","https://openalex.org/W3128499486","https://openalex.org/W3129801349","https://openalex.org/W3130431610","https://openalex.org/W3130992186","https://openalex.org/W3131075400","https://openalex.org/W3133399029","https://openalex.org/W3134795335","https://openalex.org/W3135564693","https://openalex.org/W3135666979","https://openalex.org/W3137966978","https://openalex.org/W3142822491","https://openalex.org/W3151172299","https://openalex.org/W3156154677","https://openalex.org/W3156232590","https://openalex.org/W3157183890","https://openalex.org/W3158203695","https://openalex.org/W3158504826","https://openalex.org/W3158773522","https://openalex.org/W3159028135","https://openalex.org/W3159183204","https://openalex.org/W3159456735","https://openalex.org/W3161689427","https://openalex.org/W3163909052","https://openalex.org/W3164526661","https://openalex.org/W3164778242","https://openalex.org/W3166081899","https://openalex.org/W3167014088","https://openalex.org/W3167680842","https://openalex.org/W3168651634","https://openalex.org/W3169123638","https://openalex.org/W3169176628","https://openalex.org/W3169213814","https://openalex.org/W3171468349","https://openalex.org/W3173057896","https://openalex.org/W3174439105","https://openalex.org/W3176167563","https://openalex.org/W3179017527","https://openalex.org/W3181710830","https://openalex.org/W3183524393","https://openalex.org/W3185203264","https://openalex.org/W3186241169","https://openalex.org/W3186975389","https://openalex.org/W3192099410","https://openalex.org/W3193427565","https://openalex.org/W3193497053","https://openalex.org/W3193630181","https://openalex.org/W3194026771","https://openalex.org/W3194291390","https://openalex.org/W3194485691","https://openalex.org/W3196280729","https://openalex.org/W3196607691","https://openalex.org/W3197652774","https://openalex.org/W3197701220","https://openalex.org/W3198247306","https://openalex.org/W3198442084","https://openalex.org/W3199621185","https://openalex.org/W3200250588","https://openalex.org/W3201146954","https://openalex.org/W3201410046","https://openalex.org/W3202968404","https://openalex.org/W3203839559","https://openalex.org/W3203958782","https://openalex.org/W3204508375","https://openalex.org/W3210560044","https://openalex.org/W3215571357","https://openalex.org/W3216656735","https://openalex.org/W3217539601","https://openalex.org/W4200634471","https://openalex.org/W4205106321","https://openalex.org/W4205243039","https://openalex.org/W4211020797","https://openalex.org/W4226118229","https://openalex.org/W4235404659","https://openalex.org/W4280496735","https://openalex.org/W4281554757","https://openalex.org/W4285107695","https://openalex.org/W4285294477","https://openalex.org/W4286363639","https://openalex.org/W4286579641","https://openalex.org/W4292258979","https://openalex.org/W4292261065","https://openalex.org/W4294310794","https://openalex.org/W4297813717","https://openalex.org/W4300865356"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229448053","https://openalex.org/W174982720","https://openalex.org/W2151173140","https://openalex.org/W2059768187","https://openalex.org/W4247925126","https://openalex.org/W4312858960","https://openalex.org/W4386036939","https://openalex.org/W4327774218","https://openalex.org/W3206445629","https://openalex.org/W2605096541"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"Learning":[1,5],"(DL)":[2],"and":[3,17,57,64,70,84,98,117,141,165,185,195,220,228,233,240,269],"Machine":[4],"(ML)":[6],"are":[7,100,266],"effectively":[8],"utilized":[9,47,101],"in":[10,14,49,148,160,173,222,259,297,306],"various":[11,110,126],"complicated":[12],"challenges":[13,127],"healthcare,":[15],"industry,":[16],"academia.":[18],"The":[19,242],"Internet":[20],"of":[21,36,52,109,122,133,162,209,213,230,302],"Drones":[22],"(IoD)":[23],"has":[24,309],"lately":[25],"cropped":[26],"up":[27],"due":[28],"to":[29,32,68,79,87,91,129,178,201,262],"high":[30,138],"adjustability":[31],"a":[33,50,206],"broad":[34],"range":[35],"unpredictable":[37],"circumstances.":[38],"In":[39,94,152],"addition,":[40],"Unmanned":[41],"Aerial":[42],"Vehicles":[43],"(UAVs)":[44],"could":[45,146],"be":[46],"efficiently":[48],"multitude":[51],"scenarios,":[53],"including":[54,113,181],"rescue":[55],"missions":[56],"search,":[58],"farming,":[59],"mission-critical":[60],"services,":[61],"surveillance":[62,184],"systems,":[63],"so":[65],"on,":[66],"owing":[67],"technical":[69],"realistic":[71],"benefits":[72,227],"such":[73],"as":[74],"low":[75],"movement,":[76],"the":[77,85,106,120,130,134,137,142,155,174,203,211,216,226,246,253,282,286,292,303,310],"capacity":[78],"lengthen":[80],"wireless":[81,135],"coverage":[82],"zones,":[83],"ability":[86],"attain":[88],"places":[89],"unreachable":[90],"human":[92],"beings.":[93],"many":[95],"studies,":[96],"IoD":[97,156],"UAV":[99],"interchangeably.":[102],"Besides,":[103],"drones":[104],"enhance":[105],"efficiency":[107],"aspects":[108],"network":[111],"topologies,":[112],"delay,":[114],"throughput,":[115],"interconnectivity,":[116],"dependability.":[118],"Nonetheless,":[119],"deployment":[121],"drone":[123],"systems":[124],"raises":[125],"relating":[128],"inherent":[131],"unpredictability":[132],"medium,":[136],"mobility":[139,193,270],"degrees,":[140],"battery":[143],"life":[144],"that":[145,236,245],"result":[147],"rapid":[149],"topological":[150],"changes.":[151],"this":[153,223],"paper,":[154],"is":[157,252,291],"originally":[158],"explained":[159],"terms":[161],"potential":[163],"applications":[164],"comparative":[166],"operational":[167],"scenarios.":[168],"Then,":[169],"we":[170],"classify":[171],"ML":[172,257],"IoD-UAV":[175],"world":[176],"according":[177],"its":[179],"applications,":[180],"resource":[182,268],"management,":[183,192,194],"monitoring,":[186],"object":[187],"detection,":[188],"power":[189],"control,":[190],"energy":[191],"security":[196],"management.":[197,271],"This":[198],"research":[199],"aims":[200],"supply":[202],"readers":[204],"with":[205,281],"better":[207],"understanding":[208],"(1)":[210],"fundamentals":[212],"IoD/UAV,":[214],"(2)":[215],"most":[217,254,264,287,293,311],"recent":[218],"developments":[219],"breakthroughs":[221],"field,":[224],"(3)":[225],"drawbacks":[229],"existing":[231],"methods,":[232],"(4)":[234],"areas":[235],"need":[237],"further":[238],"investigation":[239],"consideration.":[241],"results":[243],"suggest":[244],"Convolutional":[247],"Neural":[248],"Networks":[249],"(CNN)":[250],"method":[251,258],"often":[255],"employed":[256],"publications.":[260],"According":[261],"research,":[263],"papers":[265,312],"on":[267,276],"Most":[272],"articles":[273],"have":[274],"focused":[275],"enhancing":[277],"only":[278],"one":[279],"parameter,":[280],"accuracy":[283],"parameter":[284],"receiving":[285],"attention.":[288],"Also,":[289,305],"Python":[290],"commonly":[294],"used":[295],"language":[296],"papers,":[298],"accounting":[299],"for":[300],"90%":[301],"time.":[304],"2021,":[307],"it":[308],"published.":[313]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":70},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":43}],"updated_date":"2026-07-27T08:26:11.824852","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}