{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4376167392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3570361.3592527","title":"NeRF2: Neural Radio-Frequency Radiance Fields","display_name":"NeRF2: Neural Radio-Frequency Radiance Fields","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4376167392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3570361.3592527"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3570361.3592527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3570361.3592527","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3570361.3592527","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3570361.3592527","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079946793","display_name":"Xiaopeng Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4471-2707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaopeng Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001581332","display_name":"Zhenlin An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-773X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenlin An","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040389890","display_name":"Qingrui Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3902-3878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingrui Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044160991","display_name":"Lei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9651-0811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079946793"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.4718,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98361003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.711604118347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6762199401855469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.6384265422821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiance","display_name":"Radiance","score":0.5955506563186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5946436524391174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5636671781539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-propagation","display_name":"Radio propagation","score":0.5196807980537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.4843205511569977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47747373580932617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.4639797806739807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.45861223340034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.27039462327957153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16229403018951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1600869596004486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.14092710614204407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.14082294702529907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.711604118347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6762199401855469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.6384265422821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23690007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411145","display_name":"Radiance","level":2,"score":0.5955506563186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5946436524391174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5636671781539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202311505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation","level":2,"score":0.5196807980537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.4843205511569977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47747373580932617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.4639797806739807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45861223340034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.27039462327957153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16229403018951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1600869596004486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.14092710614204407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.14082294702529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3570361.3592527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3570361.3592527","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3570361.3592527","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2305.06118","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.06118","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2305.06118","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3570361.3592527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3570361.3592527","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3570361.3592527","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1100817172","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"619320","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2802911279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Young","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2962510358","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61972331","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3647244747","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"15215421","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4914846625","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"15204820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6048975038","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8995610867","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61932017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335581","display_name":"Young Scientists Fund","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4376167392.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4376167392.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W210359992","https://openalex.org/W1490921409","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1585879837","https://openalex.org/W2018543755","https://openalex.org/W2045838724","https://openalex.org/W2051376734","https://openalex.org/W2098126478","https://openalex.org/W2109519180","https://openalex.org/W2114254062","https://openalex.org/W2120103401","https://openalex.org/W2128809618","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2136946851","https://openalex.org/W2143228105","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2488265751","https://openalex.org/W2552600366","https://openalex.org/W2594778565","https://openalex.org/W2609906329","https://openalex.org/W2743524224","https://openalex.org/W2760335883","https://openalex.org/W2799062425","https://openalex.org/W2869395566","https://openalex.org/W2904555174","https://openalex.org/W2917771750","https://openalex.org/W2921700212","https://openalex.org/W2950821050","https://openalex.org/W2951260810","https://openalex.org/W2974403665","https://openalex.org/W2979924295","https://openalex.org/W3000753883","https://openalex.org/W3010647076","https://openalex.org/W3011537551","https://openalex.org/W3021789920","https://openalex.org/W3033712017","https://openalex.org/W3036843665","https://openalex.org/W3040008529","https://openalex.org/W3045611102","https://openalex.org/W3047146825","https://openalex.org/W3092203888","https://openalex.org/W3104697335","https://openalex.org/W3108474399","https://openalex.org/W3109585842","https://openalex.org/W3113005628","https://openalex.org/W3129245057","https://openalex.org/W3136327392","https://openalex.org/W3177583232","https://openalex.org/W3195620846","https://openalex.org/W3203570626","https://openalex.org/W3213836977","https://openalex.org/W4205544115","https://openalex.org/W4206817100","https://openalex.org/W4221142457","https://openalex.org/W4221151978","https://openalex.org/W4235628085","https://openalex.org/W4252725832","https://openalex.org/W4287555862","https://openalex.org/W4288124122","https://openalex.org/W4312280420","https://openalex.org/W4379358956","https://openalex.org/W4393579986","https://openalex.org/W4393633304","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6635170509","https://openalex.org/W6676045232","https://openalex.org/W6676920107","https://openalex.org/W6684135773","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6742786033","https://openalex.org/W6752452565","https://openalex.org/W6781421651","https://openalex.org/W6804611648","https://openalex.org/W7062584115","https://openalex.org/W7067583149"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2896728493","https://openalex.org/W2392142157","https://openalex.org/W2043512367","https://openalex.org/W4321518006","https://openalex.org/W2331836163","https://openalex.org/W1994657804","https://openalex.org/W2005276308","https://openalex.org/W1970182911","https://openalex.org/W3183617701","https://openalex.org/W1988642011"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"Maxwell":[1],"discovered":[2],"the":[3,16,37,41,45,53,63,113,128,133,146,159,164,169,176,195,200],"physical":[4,134],"laws":[5],"of":[6,18,56,87,115,127,136,149,161,197,202],"electromagnetic":[7],"waves":[8],"160":[9],"years":[10],"ago,":[11],"how":[12],"to":[13,61,139,174],"precisely":[14],"model":[15,131,135],"propagation":[17],"an":[19,23,88,188],"RF":[20,42,89],"signal":[21,43,98,104],"in":[22,36,66,199],"electrically":[24],"large":[25],"and":[26,44,171,205],"complex":[27,38],"environment":[28],"remains":[29],"a":[30,58,71,79,96,116,119,141],"long-standing":[31],"problem.":[32],"The":[33],"difficulty":[34],"is":[35,105],"interactions":[39],"between":[40],"obstacles":[46],"(e.g.,":[47],"reflection,":[48],"diffraction,":[49],"etc.).":[50],"Inspired":[51],"by":[52,163],"great":[54],"success":[55],"using":[57],"neural":[59,72,121,152],"network":[60],"describe":[62],"optical":[64],"field":[65,201],"computer":[67],"vision,":[68],"we":[69,156],"propose":[70],"radio-frequency":[73],"radiance":[74],"field,":[75],"NeRF2,":[76],"which":[77,167],"represents":[78],"continuous":[80],"volumetric":[81],"scene":[82],"function":[83],"that":[84,144,182],"makes":[85],"sense":[86],"signal's":[90],"propagation.":[91],"Particularly,":[92],"after":[93],"training":[94,147],"with":[95,187],"few":[97],"measurements,":[99],"NeRF2":[100,123,198],"can":[101,124,157,184],"tell":[102],"how/what":[103],"received":[106],"at":[107],"any":[108],"position":[109,114],"when":[110],"it":[111],"knows":[112],"transmitter.":[117],"As":[118],"physical-layer":[120],"network,":[122],"take":[125],"advantage":[126],"learned":[129],"statistic":[130],"plus":[132],"ray":[137],"tracing":[138],"generate":[140],"synthetic":[142,172],"dataset":[143],"meets":[145],"demands":[148],"application-layer":[150],"artificial":[151],"networks":[153],"(ANNs).":[154],"Thus,":[155],"boost":[158],"performance":[160,186],"ANNs":[162],"proposed":[165],"turbo-learning,":[166],"mixes":[168],"true":[170],"datasets":[173],"intensify":[175],"training.":[177],"Our":[178],"experiment":[179],"results":[180],"show":[181],"turbo-learning":[183],"enhance":[185],"approximate":[189],"50%":[190],"increase.":[191],"We":[192],"also":[193],"demonstrate":[194],"power":[196],"indoor":[203],"localization":[204],"5G":[206],"MIMO.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}