{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386965110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3569562.3569589","title":"Short Paper: Static and Microarchitectural ML-Based Approaches For Detecting Spectre Vulnerabilities and Attacks","display_name":"Short Paper: Static and Microarchitectural ML-Based Approaches For Detecting Spectre Vulnerabilities and Attacks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386965110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3569562.3569589"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3569562.3569589","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3569562.3569589","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Hardware and Architectural Support for Security and Privacy","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013547418","display_name":"Chidera Biringa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5904-2764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100633361","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Dartmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/00fzmm222","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100633361"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chidera Biringa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5904-2764","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100633361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092923570","display_name":"Gaspard Baye","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100633361","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Dartmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/00fzmm222","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100633361"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baye Gaspard","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8565-9880","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100633361"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039228531","display_name":"G\u00f6khan Kul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-1979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100633361","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Dartmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/00fzmm222","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100633361"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gokhan Kul","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-1979","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100633361"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013547418"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100633361"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4162,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70231867,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"53","last_page":"57"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8194799423217773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.8080994486808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.7478201389312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/branch-predictor","display_name":"Branch predictor","score":0.6472655534744263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5877441167831421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.534035861492157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4808429181575775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.4799059331417084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-analysis","display_name":"Static analysis","score":0.440862774848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threat-model","display_name":"Threat model","score":0.43993979692459106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isolation","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","score":0.4321857690811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.15706336498260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.14795136451721191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07980561256408691}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8194799423217773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.8080994486808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.7478201389312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168522837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679552","display_name":"Branch predictor","level":2,"score":0.6472655534744263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5877441167831421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.534035861492157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4808429181575775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4799059331417084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97686452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604153","display_name":"Static analysis","level":2,"score":0.440862774848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140547941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7797194","display_name":"Threat model","level":2,"score":0.43993979692459106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.4321857690811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.15706336498260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.14795136451721191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07980561256408691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3569562.3569589","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3569562.3569589","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Hardware and Architectural Support for Security and Privacy","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2158297335","https://openalex.org/W2378208052","https://openalex.org/W2522718524","https://openalex.org/W2788667846","https://openalex.org/W2899912069","https://openalex.org/W2917061593","https://openalex.org/W2963311060","https://openalex.org/W2972034624","https://openalex.org/W2985509521","https://openalex.org/W3015465581","https://openalex.org/W3083702481","https://openalex.org/W3090475639","https://openalex.org/W3153387123","https://openalex.org/W3165348418","https://openalex.org/W3214515980","https://openalex.org/W4213366026","https://openalex.org/W6753443810"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498897948","https://openalex.org/W2085319386","https://openalex.org/W1551379303","https://openalex.org/W2034199088","https://openalex.org/W2157301192","https://openalex.org/W2335883597","https://openalex.org/W2076205949","https://openalex.org/W3110049015","https://openalex.org/W2181883319","https://openalex.org/W2901933342"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spectre":[0,46,81,105,134,140,153],"intrusions":[1],"exploit":[2],"speculative":[3,34],"execution":[4],"design":[5],"vulnerabilities":[6,154],"in":[7,17,67,115,148],"modern":[8],"processors.":[9],"The":[10],"attacks":[11,47,106,141],"violate":[12],"the":[13,102,108,120,145],"principles":[14],"of":[15,104,124],"isolation":[16],"programs":[18],"to":[19,36,50,80,132],"gain":[20],"unauthorized":[21],"private":[22],"user":[23],"information.":[24],"Current":[25],"state-of-the-art":[26],"detection":[27,103],"techniques":[28,42],"utilize":[29],"micro-architectural":[30],"features":[31],"or":[32],"vulnerable":[33,79,135],"code":[35,78,136],"detect":[37,133],"these":[38,41,87],"threats.":[39],"However,":[40],"are":[43],"insufficient":[44],"as":[45,90],"have":[48],"proven":[49],"be":[51],"more":[52],"stealthy":[53],"with":[54],"recently":[55],"discovered":[56],"variants":[57],"that":[58],"bypass":[59],"current":[60],"mitigation":[61],"mechanisms.":[62],"Side-channels":[63],"generate":[64],"distinct":[65],"patterns":[66],"processor":[68],"cache,":[69],"and":[70,126,139,155],"sensitive":[71],"information":[72],"leakage":[73],"is":[74],"dependent":[75],"on":[76],"source":[77],"attacks,":[82],"where":[83],"an":[84],"adversary":[85],"uses":[86],"vulnerabilities,":[88],"such":[89],"branch":[91],"prediction,":[92],"which":[93],"causes":[94],"a":[95,111],"data":[96],"breach.":[97],"Previous":[98],"studies":[99],"predominantly":[100],"approach":[101],"using":[107],"microarchitectural":[109,127],"analysis,":[110],"reactive":[112],"approach.":[113],"Hence,":[114],"this":[116],"paper,":[117],"we":[118],"present":[119],"first":[121],"comprehensive":[122],"evaluation":[123],"static":[125],"analysis-assisted":[128],"machine":[129],"learning":[130],"approaches":[131],"snippets":[137],"(preventive)":[138],"(reactive).":[142],"We":[143],"evaluate":[144],"performance":[146],"trade-offs":[147],"employing":[149],"classifiers":[150],"for":[151],"detecting":[152],"attacks.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}