{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4306179292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3564785","title":"Survey of Approaches and Techniques for Security Verification of Computer Systems","display_name":"Survey of Approaches and Techniques for Security Verification of Computer Systems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4306179292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3564785"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3564785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3564785","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3564785","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96198239","display_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","issn_l":"1550-4832","issn":["1550-4832","1550-4840"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3564785","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032941157","display_name":"Ferhat Erata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6305-4266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferhat Erata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6305-4266","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101506561","display_name":"Shuwen Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-5038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuwen Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-5038","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033017532","display_name":"Faisal Zaghloul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5371-1231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faisal Zaghloul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5371-1231","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008550066","display_name":"Wenjie Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7626-2651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjie Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7626-2651","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065059314","display_name":"Onur Demir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1088-6461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100072489","display_name":"Yeditepe University","ror":"https://ror.org/025mx2575","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100072489"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Onur Demir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yeditepe \u00dcniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1088-6461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yeditepe \u00dcniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100072489"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044387689","display_name":"Jakub Szefer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9721-3640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakub Szefer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9721-3640","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5719,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85703734,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6941461563110352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.6474928855895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-security-assurance","display_name":"Software security assurance","score":0.6353662610054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-verification","display_name":"Software verification","score":0.49347984790802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.49108457565307617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.47405144572257996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4272475838661194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.40746304392814636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3604600429534912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2897328734397888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.28943976759910583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"Information security","score":0.2270265519618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.20433151721954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17783361673355103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-service","display_name":"Security service","score":0.13495829701423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08812269568443298}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6941461563110352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.6474928855895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62913178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554361","display_name":"Software security assurance","level":4,"score":0.6353662610054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33054407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504747","display_name":"Software verification","level":5,"score":0.49347984790802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.49108457565307617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.47405144572257996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4272475838661194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.40746304392814636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3604600429534912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2897328734397888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.28943976759910583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.2270265519618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.20433151721954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17783361673355103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29983905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445066","display_name":"Security service","level":3,"score":0.13495829701423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08812269568443298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3564785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3564785","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3564785","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96198239","display_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","issn_l":"1550-4832","issn":["1550-4832","1550-4840"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/112118","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/112118","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article - Refereed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3564785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3564785","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3564785","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96198239","display_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","issn_l":"1550-4832","issn":["1550-4832","1550-4840"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5382008510","display_name":"STARSS: Small: Collaborative: Practical and Scalable Security Verification of Security-Aware Hardware Architectures","funder_award_id":"1524680","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7038920334","display_name":"CSR: Small: Split Virtual Machine Execution for Reliability and Security","funder_award_id":"1419869","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8786027583","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015-TS-2633","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","funder_display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/047z4n946"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9kkr77"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4306179292.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4306179292.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6904734","https://openalex.org/W17195072","https://openalex.org/W97129115","https://openalex.org/W953200356","https://openalex.org/W1480909796","https://openalex.org/W1481625184","https://openalex.org/W1498432697","https://openalex.org/W1508641834","https://openalex.org/W1520961854","https://openalex.org/W1534850143","https://openalex.org/W1559035930","https://openalex.org/W1595255563","https://openalex.org/W1895387792","https://openalex.org/W1967182706","https://openalex.org/W1974190112","https://openalex.org/W1983394510","https://openalex.org/W2006849174","https://openalex.org/W2012795453","https://openalex.org/W2018688088","https://openalex.org/W2031525781","https://openalex.org/W2035501710","https://openalex.org/W2036329595","https://openalex.org/W2040060046","https://openalex.org/W2041103425","https://openalex.org/W2047442766","https://openalex.org/W2069107692","https://openalex.org/W2069954929","https://openalex.org/W2073294836","https://openalex.org/W2084175640","https://openalex.org/W2115309705","https://openalex.org/W2115716046","https://openalex.org/W2122049982","https://openalex.org/W2130427425","https://openalex.org/W2131129639","https://openalex.org/W2136310957","https://openalex.org/W2170267084","https://openalex.org/W2188582538","https://openalex.org/W2210387432","https://openalex.org/W2344769825","https://openalex.org/W2416938811","https://openalex.org/W2463516579","https://openalex.org/W2490486567","https://openalex.org/W2610782608","https://openalex.org/W2762625979","https://openalex.org/W2767174522","https://openalex.org/W2904305758","https://openalex.org/W2944138723","https://openalex.org/W2963311060","https://openalex.org/W2963723316","https://openalex.org/W2969374400","https://openalex.org/W3111157406","https://openalex.org/W3141521825","https://openalex.org/W3165729797","https://openalex.org/W3205578621","https://openalex.org/W4225922019","https://openalex.org/W4229487452","https://openalex.org/W4236770701","https://openalex.org/W4239035626","https://openalex.org/W4243766954","https://openalex.org/W4250213256","https://openalex.org/W4252033442","https://openalex.org/W4298134634","https://openalex.org/W4300617299","https://openalex.org/W4315746341","https://openalex.org/W6687322004","https://openalex.org/W6712237015","https://openalex.org/W6987020231"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3027371154","https://openalex.org/W61995002","https://openalex.org/W2164098295","https://openalex.org/W2207464675","https://openalex.org/W2146993371","https://openalex.org/W4226437327","https://openalex.org/W4294754599","https://openalex.org/W2118743872","https://openalex.org/W2039681720","https://openalex.org/W2347476215"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,83],"article":[1],"surveys":[2],"the":[3,22,25,36,58,70,75,93,100,102,105],"landscape":[4],"of":[5,104],"security":[6,40,61,112],"verification":[7],"approaches":[8,115],"and":[9,39,50,97,109,122],"techniques":[10],"for":[11,128],"computer":[12],"systems":[13,46],"at":[14],"various":[15],"levels:":[16],"from":[17],"a":[18,79],"software-application":[19],"level":[20],"all":[21],"way":[23],"to":[24,53,56,67,99,118],"physical":[26],"hardware":[27,49,76,108],"level.":[28],"Different":[29],"existing":[30,95],"projects":[31,96],"are":[32,90],"compared,":[33],"based":[34],"on":[35],"tools":[37],"used":[38],"aspects":[41],"being":[42],"examined.":[43],"Since":[44],"many":[45],"require":[47],"both":[48],"software":[51,71,110],"components":[52],"work":[54],"together":[55],"provide":[57],"system\u2019s":[59],"promised":[60],"protections,":[62],"it":[63],"is":[64,124],"not":[65],"sufficient":[66],"verify":[68],"just":[69,74],"levels":[72,77,88],"or":[73],"in":[78,107],"mutually":[80],"exclusive":[81],"fashion.":[82],"survey":[84],"especially":[85],"highlights":[86],"system":[87,111],"that":[89],"verified":[91],"by":[92],"different":[94],"presents":[98],"readers":[101],"state":[103],"art":[106],"verification.":[113],"Few":[114],"come":[116],"close":[117],"providing":[119],"full-system":[120],"verification,":[121],"there":[123],"still":[125],"much":[126],"room":[127],"improvement.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}