{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4311165854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3564625.3564656","title":"Towards Enhanced EEG-based Authentication with Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface","display_name":"Towards Enhanced EEG-based Authentication with Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4311165854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3564625.3564656"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3564625.3564656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3564625.3564656","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3564625.3564656","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 38th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3564625.3564656","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087461677","display_name":"Bingkun Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6446-0143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingkun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["SPTAGE Lab, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6446-0143","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SPTAGE Lab, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085755018","display_name":"Weizhi Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4384-5786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weizhi Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["SPTAGE Lab, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4384-5786","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SPTAGE Lab, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040519916","display_name":"Wei-Yang Chiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8917-4087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Yang Chiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["SPTAGE Lab, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8917-4087","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SPTAGE Lab, DTU Compute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0292,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9670584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"799","last_page":"812"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7973850965499878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.7832704782485962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.7175993919372559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-imagery","display_name":"Motor imagery","score":0.6833590269088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6354095935821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.6348044276237488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.5960915088653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48535028100013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4802744388580322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/session","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","score":0.41129860281944275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4100346863269806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3975893557071686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.323317289352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1502307951450348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.09360450506210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.0935673713684082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7973850965499878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7832704782485962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.7175993919372559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54808283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6918191","display_name":"Motor imagery","level":4,"score":0.6833590269088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6354095935821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.6348044276237488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5960915088653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48535028100013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4802744388580322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.41129860281944275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4100346863269806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3975893557071686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.323317289352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1502307951450348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.09360450506210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0935673713684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3564625.3564656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3564625.3564656","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3564625.3564656","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 38th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/652e4d8e-764b-4059-9f44-b0013c5a9424","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/652e4d8e-764b-4059-9f44-b0013c5a9424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wu , B , Meng , W & Chiu , W-Y 2022 , Towards Enhanced EEG-based Authentication with Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface . in Proceedings of the 38 th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference . Association for Computing Machinery , pp. 799-812 , 38 th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference , Austin , Texas , United States , 05/12/2022 . https://doi.org/10.1145/3564625.3564656","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3564625.3564656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3564625.3564656","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3564625.3564656","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 38th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4311165854.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4311165854.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W175464770","https://openalex.org/W182695033","https://openalex.org/W222827149","https://openalex.org/W1556934133","https://openalex.org/W1573511822","https://openalex.org/W1897682791","https://openalex.org/W1981650367","https://openalex.org/W2019448438","https://openalex.org/W2065268748","https://openalex.org/W2113412631","https://openalex.org/W2134577338","https://openalex.org/W2136365570","https://openalex.org/W2136562407","https://openalex.org/W2151669316","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2178225550","https://openalex.org/W2261365252","https://openalex.org/W2289982664","https://openalex.org/W2526529994","https://openalex.org/W2528460875","https://openalex.org/W2534443592","https://openalex.org/W2557301950","https://openalex.org/W2559463885","https://openalex.org/W2584002171","https://openalex.org/W2591423112","https://openalex.org/W2727821536","https://openalex.org/W2762297287","https://openalex.org/W2782676523","https://openalex.org/W2797558164","https://openalex.org/W2911312349","https://openalex.org/W2925281733","https://openalex.org/W2933506701","https://openalex.org/W2944559085","https://openalex.org/W2946288671","https://openalex.org/W3012089473","https://openalex.org/W3081630347","https://openalex.org/W3092342532","https://openalex.org/W3102455230","https://openalex.org/W3102856398","https://openalex.org/W3112695512","https://openalex.org/W3127599774","https://openalex.org/W3206840074","https://openalex.org/W4207021389","https://openalex.org/W4253292219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977940006","https://openalex.org/W2887556756","https://openalex.org/W2947925238","https://openalex.org/W195417223","https://openalex.org/W1984377984","https://openalex.org/W1961545574","https://openalex.org/W3045772920","https://openalex.org/W2510077457","https://openalex.org/W2047816336","https://openalex.org/W2944296668"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electroencephalography":[0],"(EEG)":[1],"is":[2,65],"the":[3,8,12,132,136,149],"record":[4],"of":[5,7,39,138,161],"electrogram":[6],"electrical":[9],"activity":[10],"on":[11,186],"scalp":[13],"typically":[14],"using":[15,24],"non-invasive":[16],"electrodes.":[17],"In":[18,92,131],"recent":[19],"years,":[20],"many":[21,85],"studies":[22],"started":[23],"EEG":[25,42,80,99,109],"as":[26,143],"a":[27,37,107,139,167],"human":[28],"characteristic":[29],"to":[30,126],"construct":[31],"biometric":[32,140],"identification":[33],"or":[34],"authentication.":[35,81,130],"Being":[36],"kind":[38],"behavioral":[40],"characteristics,":[41],"has":[43,74],"its":[44],"natural":[45],"advantages":[46],"whereas":[47],"some":[48],"characteristics":[49],"have":[50],"not":[51,75],"been":[52,76],"fully":[53],"evaluated.":[54],"For":[55],"instance,":[56],"we":[57,95,134],"find":[58],"that":[59,178],"Motor":[60,103],"Imagery":[61],"(MI)":[62],"brain-computer":[63],"interface":[64],"mainly":[66],"used":[67],"for":[68,88],"improving":[69],"neurological":[70],"motor":[71],"function,":[72],"but":[73],"widely":[77],"studied":[78],"in":[79],"Currently,":[82],"there":[83],"are":[84],"mature":[86],"methods":[87],"understanding":[89],"such":[90,142],"signals.":[91],"this":[93],"paper,":[94],"propose":[96],"an":[97,128],"enhanced":[98],"authentication":[100],"framework":[101,116,150,180],"with":[102,170],"Imagery,":[104],"by":[105],"offering":[106],"complete":[108],"signal":[110,118],"processing":[111],"and":[112,122,147,153,159,173],"identity":[113],"verification.":[114],"Our":[115],"integrates":[117],"preprocess,":[119],"channel":[120,162],"selection":[121],"deep":[123],"learning":[124],"classification":[125],"provide":[127,166,182],"end-to-end":[129],"evaluation,":[133],"explore":[135],"requirements":[137],"system":[141],"uniqueness,":[144],"permanency,":[145],"collectability,":[146],"investigate":[148],"regarding":[151],"insider":[152],"outsider":[154],"attack":[155],"performance,":[156,158],"cross-session":[157],"influence":[160],"selection.":[163],"We":[164],"also":[165],"large":[168],"comparison":[169],"state-of-the-art":[171],"methods,":[172],"our":[174,179],"experimental":[175],"results":[176],"indicate":[177],"can":[181],"better":[183],"performance":[184],"based":[185],"two":[187],"public":[188],"datasets.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}