{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226072946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563325","title":"Scalable verification of GNN-based job schedulers","display_name":"Scalable verification of GNN-based job schedulers","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226072946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563325"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3563325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563325","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3563325","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3563325","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100637734","display_name":"Haoze Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5077-144X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoze Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5077-144X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026961968","display_name":"Clark Barrett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9522-3084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clark Barrett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9522-3084","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101501539","display_name":"Mahmood Sharif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7661-2220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16391192","display_name":"Tel Aviv University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmood Sharif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tel Aviv University, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7661-2220","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tel Aviv University, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034897040","display_name":"Nina Narodytska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-4560"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nina Narodytska","raw_affiliation_strings":["VMware Research, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-4560","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VMware Research, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100760604","display_name":"Gagandeep Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9299-2961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gagandeep Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9299-2961","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9277,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77607166,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"OOPSLA2","first_page":"1036","last_page":"1065"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8658673763275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7176985144615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.7072179317474365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/las-vegas","display_name":"Las vegas","score":0.5095796585083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5034582018852234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4735794961452484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4200338125228882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34298837184906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3406113386154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.1154380738735199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1031579077243805}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8658673763275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7176985144615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.7072179317474365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993101906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23768","display_name":"Las vegas","level":3,"score":0.5095796585083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5034582018852234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4735794961452484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4200338125228882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34298837184906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3406113386154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.1154380738735199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1031579077243805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158739034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907114","display_name":"Metropolitan area","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3563325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563325","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3563325","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2203.03153","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2203.03153","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.03153","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3563325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563325","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3563325","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5711270088","display_name":"RINGS: Provably Robust Machine Learning for Next Generation Cellular Networks","funder_award_id":"2148583","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6352561560","display_name":"NSF-BSF:  SHF: Small: Certifiable Verification of Large Neural Networks","funder_award_id":"1814369","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7532132252","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RINGS #2148583","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316785","display_name":"VMware","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226072946.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226072946.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W95608104","https://openalex.org/W1673923490","https://openalex.org/W1890643295","https://openalex.org/W2055748525","https://openalex.org/W2060204338","https://openalex.org/W2096125134","https://openalex.org/W2543296129","https://openalex.org/W2566919497","https://openalex.org/W2594877703","https://openalex.org/W2751808960","https://openalex.org/W2777012514","https://openalex.org/W2780061171","https://openalex.org/W2791251367","https://openalex.org/W2794609696","https://openalex.org/W2798356176","https://openalex.org/W2807021761","https://openalex.org/W2890472662","https://openalex.org/W2899116309","https://openalex.org/W2900153411","https://openalex.org/W2907492528","https://openalex.org/W2909765152","https://openalex.org/W2917875722","https://openalex.org/W2936674544","https://openalex.org/W2950029838","https://openalex.org/W2950183737","https://openalex.org/W2957311447","https://openalex.org/W2962692913","https://openalex.org/W2963054787","https://openalex.org/W2963440492","https://openalex.org/W2963496101","https://openalex.org/W2963998105","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2964113829","https://openalex.org/W2964145825","https://openalex.org/W2964321699","https://openalex.org/W2965563623","https://openalex.org/W2968986602","https://openalex.org/W2972713160","https://openalex.org/W2982412572","https://openalex.org/W2990138404","https://openalex.org/W2991226929","https://openalex.org/W2993781531","https://openalex.org/W2998574230","https://openalex.org/W2998709064","https://openalex.org/W3006450881","https://openalex.org/W3012981624","https://openalex.org/W3034384938","https://openalex.org/W3038078229","https://openalex.org/W3041068747","https://openalex.org/W3043655933","https://openalex.org/W3046662910","https://openalex.org/W3092751871","https://openalex.org/W3100848837","https://openalex.org/W3105155462","https://openalex.org/W3106795520","https://openalex.org/W3107298849","https://openalex.org/W3108851260","https://openalex.org/W3110977295","https://openalex.org/W3122266408","https://openalex.org/W3122363971","https://openalex.org/W3128766876","https://openalex.org/W3134137551","https://openalex.org/W3135693135","https://openalex.org/W3161705672","https://openalex.org/W3169913694","https://openalex.org/W3171412022","https://openalex.org/W3175924829","https://openalex.org/W3184678361","https://openalex.org/W3192314570","https://openalex.org/W3196050394","https://openalex.org/W3205832376","https://openalex.org/W4210257598","https://openalex.org/W4225813442","https://openalex.org/W4287685611","https://openalex.org/W4287814287","https://openalex.org/W4289306490","https://openalex.org/W4298208958","https://openalex.org/W4301187031","https://openalex.org/W4312920248","https://openalex.org/W6754619240","https://openalex.org/W6893983886","https://openalex.org/W6927441928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4245666690","https://openalex.org/W4233922020","https://openalex.org/W4253427688","https://openalex.org/W4302418915","https://openalex.org/W416606028","https://openalex.org/W2039159578","https://openalex.org/W2333359418","https://openalex.org/W4238722241","https://openalex.org/W4300942584","https://openalex.org/W4394768407"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"Graph":[1],"Neural":[2],"Networks":[3],"(GNNs)":[4],"have":[5],"been":[6],"applied":[7],"for":[8,88],"scheduling":[9],"jobs":[10],"over":[11,25],"clusters,":[12],"achieving":[13],"better":[14],"performance":[15],"than":[16,72],"hand-crafted":[17],"heuristics.":[18],"Despite":[19],"their":[20],"impressive":[21],"performance,":[22],"concerns":[23],"remain":[24],"whether":[26],"these":[27,96],"GNN-based":[28,53,127],"job":[29,54],"schedulers":[30,97],"meet":[31],"users\u2019":[32],"expectations":[33],"about":[34],"other":[35],"important":[36,122],"properties,":[37],"such":[38,61],"as":[39,62],"strategy-proofness,":[40],"sharing":[41],"incentive,":[42],"and":[43,67,78,92,108],"stability.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"work,":[47],"we":[48],"consider":[49],"formal":[50],"verification":[51],"of":[52,95,124],"schedulers.":[55],"We":[56,81],"address":[57],"several":[58],"domain-specific":[59],"challenges":[60],"networks":[63],"that":[64,69,103,115],"are":[65,70],"deeper":[66],"specifications":[68],"richer":[71],"those":[73],"encountered":[74],"when":[75,120],"verifying":[76,89,121],"image":[77],"NLP":[79],"classifiers.":[80],"develop":[82],"vegas,":[83],"the":[84],"first":[85],"general":[86],"framework":[87],"both":[90],"single-step":[91],"multi-step":[93],"properties":[94,123],"based":[98],"on":[99],"carefully":[100],"designed":[101],"algorithms":[102],"combine":[104],"abstractions,":[105],"refinements,":[106],"solvers,":[107],"proof":[109],"transfer.":[110],"Our":[111],"experimental":[112],"results":[113],"show":[114],"vegas":[116],"achieves":[117],"significant":[118],"speed-up":[119],"a":[125],"state-of-the-art":[126],"scheduler":[128],"compared":[129],"to":[130],"previous":[131],"methods.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-18T07:39:51.176621","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
