{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308219442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3560834.3563829","title":"Secure FMCW LiDAR Systems with Frequency Encryption","display_name":"Secure FMCW LiDAR Systems with Frequency Encryption","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308219442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3560834.3563829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3560834.3563829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3560834.3563829","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3560834.3563829","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2022 Workshop on Attacks and Solutions in Hardware Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3560834.3563829","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010024000","display_name":"Marziyeh Rezaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9350-1629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marziyeh Rezaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079676688","display_name":"Liban Hussein","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liban Hussein","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068618458","display_name":"Sajjad Moazeni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1819-0714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajjad Moazeni","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010024000"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3865,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92781096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"35","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.89674973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.8868223428726196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6171215176582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.6104142069816589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5523338317871094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.45722925662994385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32796943187713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16291269659996033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.114673912525177}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.89674973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.8868223428726196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6171215176582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.6104142069816589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5523338317871094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.45722925662994385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32796943187713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16291269659996033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.114673912525177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3560834.3563829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3560834.3563829","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3560834.3563829","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2022 Workshop on Attacks and Solutions in Hardware Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3560834.3563829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3560834.3563829","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3560834.3563829","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2022 Workshop on Attacks and Solutions in Hardware Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1208800711","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ECCS-2028406","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6398003454","display_name":"EAGER: SARE: Secure LiDAR Systems with Frequency Encryption","funder_award_id":"2028406","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337392","display_name":"Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/01krpsy48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308219442.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308219442.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1526715104","https://openalex.org/W1909613070","https://openalex.org/W1985375094","https://openalex.org/W2044492035","https://openalex.org/W2102475241","https://openalex.org/W2116178706","https://openalex.org/W2125012284","https://openalex.org/W2145596355","https://openalex.org/W2150168539","https://openalex.org/W2211487354","https://openalex.org/W2221831016","https://openalex.org/W2238871368","https://openalex.org/W2593182419","https://openalex.org/W2734447958","https://openalex.org/W2747329762","https://openalex.org/W2762897752","https://openalex.org/W2913273863","https://openalex.org/W2964851200","https://openalex.org/W2983131442","https://openalex.org/W2985853129","https://openalex.org/W3126278083","https://openalex.org/W3152157423","https://openalex.org/W3213786138","https://openalex.org/W4220706180","https://openalex.org/W4221074355","https://openalex.org/W4287198654"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2594043982","https://openalex.org/W3036493597","https://openalex.org/W2486104965","https://openalex.org/W2351984678","https://openalex.org/W2487834875","https://openalex.org/W2140032575","https://openalex.org/W2011860471","https://openalex.org/W3011451421","https://openalex.org/W2012196540","https://openalex.org/W196913356"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Robust":[0],"and":[1,15,20,25,51],"secure":[2],"ranging":[3,26],"is":[4,28],"among":[5],"the":[6,38],"most":[7],"vital":[8],"capabilities":[9],"demanded":[10],"by":[11],"future":[12],"autonomous":[13],"vehicles":[14],"robotics":[16],"for":[17,34,65],"precise":[18],"navigation":[19],"avoiding":[21],"collisions.":[22],"Light":[23],"detection":[24],"(LiDAR)":[27],"a":[29],"promising":[30],"3D":[31],"imaging":[32],"technology":[33],"this":[35],"aim.":[36],"However,":[37],"security":[39,69],"vulnerabilities":[40],"of":[41,57],"LiDAR":[42],"systems":[43],"can":[44],"impose":[45],"critical":[46],"threats":[47],"to":[48,54],"human":[49],"safety":[50],"security,":[52],"similar":[53],"other":[55],"types":[56],"sensors.":[58],"While":[59],"LiDARs":[60],"are":[61],"becoming":[62],"standard":[63],"technologies":[64],"self-driving":[66],"cars,":[67],"their":[68],"aspects":[70],"have":[71],"not":[72],"yet":[73],"been":[74],"studied":[75],"well":[76],"so":[77],"far.":[78]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
