{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4292092749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3557898","title":"Modeling and Analysis of Explanation for Secure Industrial Control Systems","display_name":"Modeling and Analysis of Explanation for Secure Industrial Control Systems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4292092749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3557898"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3557898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3557898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16632050","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems","issn_l":"1556-4665","issn":["1556-4665","1556-4703"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089083990","display_name":"Sridhar Adepu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0045-2811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sridhar Adepu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bristol, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0045-2811","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bristol, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101754180","display_name":"Nianyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9379-9717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nianyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9379-9717","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044511705","display_name":"Eunsuk Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7891-6885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eunsuk Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7891-6885","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045020317","display_name":"David Garlan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6735-8301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Garlan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6735-8301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4692,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60632748,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3-4","first_page":"1","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8100053071975708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.7134315967559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.5985392928123474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5958086252212524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.5757222175598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5491195321083069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5079734921455383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25004318356513977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8100053071975708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.7134315967559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5985392928123474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5958086252212524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.5757222175598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5491195321083069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5079734921455383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25004318356513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3557898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3557898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16632050","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems","issn_l":"1556-4665","issn":["1556-4665","1556-4703"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W104568812","https://openalex.org/W189498254","https://openalex.org/W1606676795","https://openalex.org/W1962174700","https://openalex.org/W1994606570","https://openalex.org/W2021430251","https://openalex.org/W2033406822","https://openalex.org/W2038651258","https://openalex.org/W2067973874","https://openalex.org/W2086673120","https://openalex.org/W2122889832","https://openalex.org/W2142910214","https://openalex.org/W2148834754","https://openalex.org/W2154157725","https://openalex.org/W2293378006","https://openalex.org/W2334782222","https://openalex.org/W2407991977","https://openalex.org/W2411925053","https://openalex.org/W2577374182","https://openalex.org/W2594336441","https://openalex.org/W2605975693","https://openalex.org/W2615896489","https://openalex.org/W2616786996","https://openalex.org/W2687657776","https://openalex.org/W2746608747","https://openalex.org/W2773625311","https://openalex.org/W2786513456","https://openalex.org/W2806598546","https://openalex.org/W2883171104","https://openalex.org/W2889822643","https://openalex.org/W2940748545","https://openalex.org/W2954648558","https://openalex.org/W2963095307","https://openalex.org/W2998937823","https://openalex.org/W3003589087","https://openalex.org/W3026309498","https://openalex.org/W3027964860","https://openalex.org/W3035727237","https://openalex.org/W3100571116","https://openalex.org/W3140377724","https://openalex.org/W4232608110","https://openalex.org/W4254621033","https://openalex.org/W4288364248","https://openalex.org/W4289544177"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2997567050","https://openalex.org/W2943623134","https://openalex.org/W2494523064","https://openalex.org/W1483272040","https://openalex.org/W4283377908","https://openalex.org/W2215759665","https://openalex.org/W2960358116","https://openalex.org/W2030292806","https://openalex.org/W2926218886","https://openalex.org/W2150076039"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"self-adaptive":[1],"systems":[2],"benefit":[3],"from":[4],"human":[5,11,40,73,134],"involvement":[6],"and":[7,21,49,84,129,183,203],"oversight,":[8],"where":[9],"a":[10,133,137,172,209,216,242],"operator":[12,41,74,92],"can":[13,65],"provide":[14],"expertise":[15],"not":[16,143],"available":[17],"to":[18,75,105,164,220,228],"the":[19,25,39,43,52,72,78,86,91,95,102,111,116,130,165,184,239],"system":[20,26,79,181,211,231,246],"detect":[22],"problems":[23],"that":[24,90,132,214],"is":[27,36,80,142],"unaware":[28],"of.":[29],"One":[30],"way":[31],"of":[32,54,88,125,159,179,197,241],"achieving":[33],"this":[34,168],"synergy":[35],"by":[37,115],"placing":[38],"on":[42],"loop":[44],"\u2014i.e.,":[45],"providing":[46],"supervisory":[47],"oversight":[48],"intervening":[50],"in":[51,70,98,123,127,195,238],"case":[53],"questionable":[55],"adaptation":[56,212],"decisions.":[57],"To":[58],"make":[59,136],"such":[60],"interaction":[61],"effective,":[62],"an":[63,67,147,223],"explanation":[64,148,160,198,224,236],"play":[66],"important":[68],"role":[69],"allowing":[71],"understand":[76],"why":[77],"making":[81],"certain":[82],"decisions":[83,112],"improve":[85,101,150,229],"level":[87],"knowledge":[89],"has":[93],"about":[94,177],"system.":[96,117],"This,":[97],"turn,":[99],"may":[100,120,135],"operator\u2019s":[103],"capability":[104],"intervene":[106],"and,":[107,153],"if":[108,154],"necessary,":[109],"override":[110],"being":[113],"made":[114],"However,":[118],"explanations":[119,178,194],"incur":[121],"costs,":[122],"terms":[124,196],"delay":[126],"actions":[128],"possibility":[131],"bad":[138],"judgment.":[139],"Hence,":[140],"it":[141],"always":[144],"obvious":[145],"whether":[146],"will":[149],"overall":[151,230],"utility":[152],"so,":[155],"then":[156,207],"what":[157],"kind":[158],"should":[161,225],"be":[162,226],"provided":[163],"operator.":[166],"In":[167],"work,":[169],"we":[170,192],"define":[171],"formal":[173],"framework":[174,237],"for":[175],"reasoning":[176,218],"adaptive":[180,248],"behaviors":[182],"conditions":[185],"under":[186],"which":[187],"they":[188],"are":[189],"warranted.":[190],"Specifically,":[191],"characterize":[193],"content":[199],",":[200,202],"effect":[201],"cost":[204],".":[205],"We":[206,233],"present":[208],"dynamic":[210],"approach":[213],"leverages":[215],"probabilistic":[217],"technique":[219],"determine":[221],"when":[222],"used":[227],"utility.":[232],"evaluate":[234],"our":[235],"context":[240],"realistic":[243],"industrial":[244],"control":[245],"with":[247],"behaviors.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}