{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309619162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3555191","title":"Governing Online Goods: Maturity and Formalization in Minecraft, Reddit, and World of Warcraft Communities","display_name":"Governing Online Goods: Maturity and Formalization in Minecraft, Reddit, and World of Warcraft Communities","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309619162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3555191"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3555191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3555191","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3555191","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3555191","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022089542","display_name":"Seth Frey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5298-5089"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seth Frey","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC Davis &amp; Indiana University, Davis, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC Davis &amp; Indiana University, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037093270","display_name":"Qiankun Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-0172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiankun Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050708897","display_name":"Beril Bulat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0966-129X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beril Bulat","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063708272","display_name":"William D. Weisman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William D. Weisman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046637521","display_name":"Caitlyn Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caitlyn Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025080982","display_name":"Stephen Fujimoto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Fujimoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041678008","display_name":"Hannah Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0649-5652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hannah Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063605386","display_name":"Charles M. Schweik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles M. Schweik","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022089542"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451","https://openalex.org/I84218800"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5888,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92601201,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"CSCW2","first_page":"1","last_page":"23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maturity","display_name":"Maturity (psychological)","score":0.7132666110992432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.6919516324996948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5035633444786072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-system","display_name":"Formal system","score":0.449521005153656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.44661328196525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.3841819763183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3801969885826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.35168781876564026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.3430019021034241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2263992726802826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.15156689286231995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101433766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3543263","display_name":"Maturity (psychological)","level":2,"score":0.7132666110992432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.6919516324996948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5035633444786072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102315432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q649732","display_name":"Formal system","level":2,"score":0.449521005153656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.44661328196525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3841819763183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3801969885826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.35168781876564026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3430019021034241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2263992726802826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.15156689286231995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3555191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3555191","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3555191","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3555191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3555191","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3555191","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8616823019","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1917908, 2020751","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4309619162.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4309619162.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1591366258","https://openalex.org/W1900820545","https://openalex.org/W1934638552","https://openalex.org/W1965110090","https://openalex.org/W1966696582","https://openalex.org/W1978246972","https://openalex.org/W1979640801","https://openalex.org/W1988560072","https://openalex.org/W1993500013","https://openalex.org/W2023434958","https://openalex.org/W2037627831","https://openalex.org/W2053702612","https://openalex.org/W2063262888","https://openalex.org/W2069847392","https://openalex.org/W2080054859","https://openalex.org/W2080640836","https://openalex.org/W2082373477","https://openalex.org/W2085876435","https://openalex.org/W2098571349","https://openalex.org/W2114589588","https://openalex.org/W2124299891","https://openalex.org/W2139718073","https://openalex.org/W2145602677","https://openalex.org/W2175723801","https://openalex.org/W2187501003","https://openalex.org/W2226396244","https://openalex.org/W2326322218","https://openalex.org/W2328035621","https://openalex.org/W2402021049","https://openalex.org/W2889351215","https://openalex.org/W2893552899","https://openalex.org/W2910732263","https://openalex.org/W2913341200","https://openalex.org/W2928915328","https://openalex.org/W2961822874","https://openalex.org/W2963122232","https://openalex.org/W2964034671","https://openalex.org/W2980792292","https://openalex.org/W3004300205","https://openalex.org/W3007559262","https://openalex.org/W3031586727","https://openalex.org/W3040472729","https://openalex.org/W3093710306","https://openalex.org/W3110714658","https://openalex.org/W3123822217","https://openalex.org/W3160694721","https://openalex.org/W3217759081","https://openalex.org/W4230036736","https://openalex.org/W4234993303","https://openalex.org/W4244020617","https://openalex.org/W4246954663","https://openalex.org/W4288076018","https://openalex.org/W4299610040","https://openalex.org/W6633384400","https://openalex.org/W6634251891","https://openalex.org/W6634761788","https://openalex.org/W6644947460","https://openalex.org/W6775216665","https://openalex.org/W6983207814","https://openalex.org/W7037984302"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2791617766","https://openalex.org/W2010501276","https://openalex.org/W2055314256","https://openalex.org/W3122869223","https://openalex.org/W4388401032","https://openalex.org/W1989068941","https://openalex.org/W2364844596","https://openalex.org/W2916821761","https://openalex.org/W2387400882"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Building":[0],"a":[1,102,129],"successful":[2,27,259,268],"community":[3,103,122],"means":[4],"governing":[5],"active":[6],"populations":[7],"and":[8,37,69,73,98,112,124,158,191,240,280,290],"limited":[9],"resources.":[10],"This":[11],"challenge":[12],"often":[13,86],"requires":[14],"communities":[15,144,221,244,274],"to":[16,71,94,121,142,166,172,232,246],"design":[17],"formal":[18,43,91,105,119],"governance":[19,125,197,224,253],"systems":[20,45],"from":[21],"scratch.":[22],"But":[23,100],"the":[24,88,116,148,152,189,265,276],"characteristics":[25],"of":[26,50,61,118,137,156,175,193,213,242,252,267,278,287],"institutional":[28,134,168,176,187],"designs":[29],"are":[30,34,108,256],"unclear.":[31],"Communities":[32],"that":[33,90,219,238,255],"more":[35,41,67,109,273],"mature":[36],"established":[38],"may":[39,55],"have":[40,66],"elaborate":[42],"policy":[44],"(as":[46],"cause":[47],"or":[48,77,211],"effect":[49],"their":[51,62,79,283],"success).":[52],"Alternatively,":[53],"they":[54,65],"require":[56],"less":[57],"formalization":[58],"precisely":[59],"because":[60,64,78],"maturity:":[63],"latitude":[68],"capacity":[70],"select":[72],"acculturate":[74],"new":[75],"members,":[76],"reputations":[80],"encourage":[81],"greater":[82],"self-selection.":[83],"Indeed,":[84],"scholars":[85],"downplay":[87],"role":[89],"rules":[92,164],"relative":[93],"unwritten":[95],"rules,":[96,106],"norms,":[97],"values.":[99],"in":[101,170],"with":[104,203,258],"decisions":[107],"consistent,":[110],"transparent,":[111],"legitimate.":[113],"To":[114],"understand":[115],"relationship":[117],"institutions":[120],"maturity":[123],"style,":[126],"we":[127,181,217,270],"conduct":[128],"large-scale":[130],"quantitative":[131],"analysis":[132,135,180],"applying":[133],"frameworks":[136],"self-governance":[138,279],"scholar":[139],"Elinor":[140],"Ostrom":[141],"80,000":[143],"across":[145,226],"3":[146],"platforms:":[147],"sandbox":[149],"game":[150,154],"Minecraft,":[151],"MMO":[153],"World":[155],"Warcraft,":[157],"Reddit.":[159],"We":[160],"classify":[161],"communities'":[162],"written":[163],"according":[165],"several":[167],"taxonomies":[169],"order":[171],"test":[173],"predictors":[174],"formalization.":[177],"From":[178],"this":[179],"extract":[182],"two":[183],"major":[184],"findings.":[185],"First,":[186],"formalization,":[188],"size":[190],"complexity":[192],"an":[194],"online":[195,220,243],"community's":[196],"system,":[198],"is":[199],"generally":[200],"positively":[201],"associated":[202],"maturity,":[204],"as":[205],"measured":[206],"by":[207],"age,":[208],"population":[209],"size,":[210],"degree":[212],"user":[214],"engagement.":[215],"Second,":[216],"find":[218],"employ":[222],"similar":[223],"styles":[225,251],"platforms,":[227],"strongly":[228],"favoring":[229],"\"weak\"":[230],"norms":[231],"\"strong\"":[233],"requirements.":[234],"These":[235],"findings":[236],"suggest":[237],"designers":[239],"founders":[241],"converge,":[245],"some":[247],"extent":[248],"independently,":[249],"on":[250],"practice":[254],"correlated":[257],"self-governance.":[260],"With":[261],"deeper":[262],"insights":[263],"into":[264],"patterns":[266],"self-governance,":[269],"can":[271],"help":[272],"overcome":[275],"challenges":[277],"create":[281],"for":[282],"members":[284],"powerful":[285],"experiences":[286],"shared":[288],"meaning":[289],"collective":[291],"empowerment.?":[292]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
