{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379382813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3555041.3589711","title":"PyNKDV: An Efficient Network Kernel Density Visualization Library for Geospatial Analytic Systems","display_name":"PyNKDV: An Efficient Network Kernel Density Visualization Library for Geospatial Analytic Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379382813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3555041.3589711"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3555041.3589711","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3555041.3589711","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion of the 2023 International Conference on Management of Data","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032770357","display_name":"Tsz Nam Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5851-7967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141568987","display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/0145fw131","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tsz Nam Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024425088","display_name":"Rui Zang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141568987","display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/0145fw131","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Zang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085326465","display_name":"Pak Lon Ip","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9220-5884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pak Lon Ip","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Macau, Macau, Macao"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Macau, Macau, Macao","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035706700","display_name":"Leong Hou U","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5135-5165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leong Hou U","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Macau, Macau, Macao"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Macau, Macau, Macao","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008564713","display_name":"Jianliang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9404-5848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141568987","display_name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","ror":"https://ror.org/0145fw131","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianliang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032770357"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141568987"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4754,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63633754,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"99","last_page":"102"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9807999730110168,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/python","display_name":"Python (programming language)","score":0.9138688445091248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7840189933776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.7807387113571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.6952137351036072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.6228545904159546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plug-in","display_name":"Plug-in","score":0.5376336574554443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5228343605995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.47062280774116516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4288906455039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.42042461037635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-information-system","display_name":"Geographic information system","score":0.4199942946434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.4121481776237488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3324130177497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2736538350582123}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.9138688445091248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7840189933776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.7807387113571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.6952137351036072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.6228545904159546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4924752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184148","display_name":"Plug-in","level":2,"score":0.5376336574554443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5228343605995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.47062280774116516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4288906455039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.42042461037635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.4199942946434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4121481776237488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3324130177497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2736538350582123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3555041.3589711","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3555041.3589711","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion of the 2023 International Conference on Management of Data","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G160098265","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2481834986","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0015/2019/AKP","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2651498393","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HKRGC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3738942398","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MYRG2022-00252-FST","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322841","funder_display_name":"Universidade de Macau"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5182208057","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"30001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5750583505","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-2023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6235738117","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2-FST","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322841","funder_display_name":"Universidade de Macau"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6293416025","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322841","display_name":"Universidade de Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324310","display_name":"Wuyi University","ror":"https://ror.org/059djzq42"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968141501","https://openalex.org/W2017460619","https://openalex.org/W2062340241","https://openalex.org/W2507726665","https://openalex.org/W2511539680","https://openalex.org/W2549766072","https://openalex.org/W2789795673","https://openalex.org/W2967899556","https://openalex.org/W3134086009","https://openalex.org/W3174395588","https://openalex.org/W3197924179","https://openalex.org/W4226461740","https://openalex.org/W4313012433"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3023169329","https://openalex.org/W4389470870","https://openalex.org/W2782165897","https://openalex.org/W1582950852","https://openalex.org/W2093416473","https://openalex.org/W4300438041","https://openalex.org/W2054104202","https://openalex.org/W2139703748","https://openalex.org/W2761254753","https://openalex.org/W1024825291"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Network":[0],"kernel":[1],"density":[2],"visualization":[3],"(NKDV)":[4],"is":[5,84],"an":[6],"important":[7],"tool":[8],"for":[9,27,79,139],"many":[10],"application":[11],"domains,":[12],"including":[13],"criminology":[14],"and":[15,29,31,50,70,94,104,130,137,150],"transportation":[16],"science.":[17],"However,":[18],"all":[19],"existing":[20,132,157],"software":[21,133,158],"tools,":[22],"e.g.,":[23],"SANET":[24,136],"(a":[25],"plug-in":[26],"QGIS":[28,103],"ArcGIS)":[30],"spNetwork":[32],"(an":[33],"R":[34],"package),":[35],"adopt":[36],"the":[37,59,77,127],"na\u00efve":[38],"implementation":[39,73],"of":[40,91,146],"NKDV,":[41],"which":[42,65],"does":[43],"not":[44],"scale":[45],"to":[46,74,117,141],"large-scale":[47,113],"location":[48,114],"datasets":[49,115],"high-resolution":[51],"sizes.":[52],"To":[53],"overcome":[54],"this":[55,107],"issue,":[56],"we":[57,109],"develop":[58],"first":[60],"python":[61,92,124],"library,":[62],"called":[63],"PyNKDV,":[64],"adopts":[66],"our":[67,147],"complexity-reduced":[68],"solution":[69],"its":[71,153],"parallel":[72],"significantly":[75],"improve":[76],"efficiency":[78,155],"generating":[80],"NKDV.":[81],"Moreover,":[82],"PyNKDV":[83,148],"also":[85],"user":[86],"friendly":[87],"(with":[88],"four":[89],"lines":[90],"code)":[93],"can":[95],"support":[96],"commonly":[97],"used":[98],"geospatial":[99],"analytic":[100],"systems":[101],"(e.g.,":[102],"ArcGIS).":[105],"In":[106],"demonstration,":[108],"will":[110],"use":[111],"three":[112],"(up":[116],"7.71":[118],"million":[119],"data":[120],"points),":[121],"provide":[122],"different":[123,144],"scripts":[125],"(in":[126],"Jupyter":[128],"Notebook),":[129],"install":[131],"tools":[134],"(i.e.,":[135],"spNetwork)":[138],"participants":[140],"(1)":[142],"explore":[143],"functionalities":[145],"library":[149],"(2)":[151],"compare":[152],"practical":[154],"with":[156],"tools.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}