{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285798357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3549535","title":"Structured Dynamic Precision for Deep Neural Networks Quantization","display_name":"Structured Dynamic Precision for Deep Neural Networks Quantization","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285798357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3549535"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3549535","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3549535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101688411","display_name":"Kai Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2295-5433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2295-5433","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100387262","display_name":"Bowen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7525-9672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bowen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7525-9672","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073803879","display_name":"Dongliang Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4882-7504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongliang Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4882-7504","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017537432","display_name":"Haitian Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8215-166X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haitian Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8215-166X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021783986","display_name":"Xiaowen Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6283-2262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowen Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6283-2262","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008244796","display_name":"Xiaolang Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-8989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolang Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-8989","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023776065","display_name":"Luc Claesen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0405-6290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","display_name":"Hasselt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04nbhqj75","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luc Claesen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0405-6290","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004005307","display_name":"Dehong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-179X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74872605","display_name":"China Southern Power Grid (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03hkh9419","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dehong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-179X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063591197","display_name":"Junjian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-1425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74872605","display_name":"China Southern Power Grid (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03hkh9419","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-1425","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066733526","display_name":"Zhili Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0001-5619"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhili Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sec-Chip Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0001-5619","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sec-Chip Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5873,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65663898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.887029767036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.7239336967468262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5654335021972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5236434936523438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5007970333099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.5005433559417725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4931921362876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4493626654148102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.4462960362434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.43521738052368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-acceleration","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","score":0.420249879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3386666178703308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.22006535530090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2159799039363861}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.887029767036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.7239336967468262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5654335021972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5236434936523438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5007970333099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5005433559417725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4931921362876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4493626654148102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.4462960362434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.43521738052368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.420249879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3386666178703308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.22006535530090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2159799039363861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3549535","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3549535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:documentserver.uhasselt.be:1942/37822","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1942/37822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401926","display_name":"Document Server@UHasselt (UHasselt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","host_organization_name":"Hasselt University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3825780082","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFB0906000, and 2020YFB0906001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1885185971","https://openalex.org/W2048266589","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2162639668","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2242818861","https://openalex.org/W2405920868","https://openalex.org/W2442974303","https://openalex.org/W2469490737","https://openalex.org/W2541839172","https://openalex.org/W2560674852","https://openalex.org/W2606722458","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2884071170","https://openalex.org/W2905184098","https://openalex.org/W2949870694","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963367920","https://openalex.org/W2979515806","https://openalex.org/W3012561096","https://openalex.org/W4232385523","https://openalex.org/W4233262716","https://openalex.org/W4255681033","https://openalex.org/W6714058667"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3204400881","https://openalex.org/W3214410901","https://openalex.org/W3204296682","https://openalex.org/W3183118997","https://openalex.org/W2917767146","https://openalex.org/W4319952061","https://openalex.org/W4280636456","https://openalex.org/W4285818394","https://openalex.org/W4388913998","https://openalex.org/W4310584535"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"Neural":[1],"Networks":[2],"(DNNs)":[3],"have":[4],"achieved":[5],"remarkable":[6],"success":[7],"in":[8,18,49,84,120],"various":[9],"Artificial":[10],"Intelligence":[11],"applications.":[12],"Quantization":[13],"is":[14],"a":[15,81,102,126],"critical":[16],"step":[17],"DNNs":[19],"compression":[20],"and":[21,90,168],"acceleration":[22],"for":[23,42,62,111,172],"deployment.":[24],"To":[25,65],"further":[26],"boost":[27],"DNN":[28],"execution":[29],"efficiency,":[30],"many":[31],"works":[32],"explore":[33],"to":[34,129,154],"leverage":[35],"the":[36,46,50,58,86,91,115,121,131,143,155,173],"input-dependent":[37],"redundancy":[38],"with":[39,134,142],"dynamic":[40,157],"quantization":[41,82,158],"different":[43],"regions.":[44],"However,":[45],"sensitive":[47],"regions":[48],"feature":[51],"map":[52],"are":[53,108],"irregularly":[54],"distributed,":[55],"which":[56,85],"restricts":[57],"real":[59],"speed":[60],"up":[61],"existing":[63],"accelerators.":[64],"this":[66],"end,":[67],"we":[68,79],"propose":[69,80],"an":[70],"algorithm-architecture":[71],"co-design,":[72],"named":[73],"Structured":[74],"Dynamic":[75],"Precision":[76],"(SDP).":[77],"Specifically,":[78],"scheme":[83],"high-order":[87],"bit":[88,93],"part":[89,94],"low-order":[92],"of":[95,105,117,176],"data":[96],"can":[97,163],"be":[98],"masked":[99],"independently.":[100],"And":[101],"fixed":[103],"number":[104],"term":[106,119],"parts":[107],"dynamically":[109],"selected":[110],"computation":[112],"based":[113],"on":[114,148],"importance":[116],"each":[118],"group.":[122],"We":[123],"also":[124],"present":[125],"hardware":[127],"design":[128],"enable":[130],"algorithm":[132],"efficiently":[133],"small":[135],"overheads,":[136],"whose":[137],"inference":[138],"time":[139],"mainly":[140],"scales":[141],"precision":[144],"proportionally.":[145],"Evaluation":[146],"experiments":[147],"extensive":[149],"networks":[150],"demonstrate":[151],"that":[152],"compared":[153],"state-of-the-art":[156],"accelerator":[159],"DRQ,":[160],"our":[161],"SDP":[162],"achieve":[164],"29%":[165],"performance":[166],"gain":[167],"51%":[169],"energy":[170],"reduction":[171],"same":[174],"level":[175],"model":[177],"accuracy.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}