{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308641910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3548606.3560657","title":"RedShift","display_name":"RedShift","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308641910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3548606.3560657"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3548606.3560657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3548606.3560657","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3548606.3560657","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608815","display_name":"Proceedings of the 2022 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2022 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3548606.3560657","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059293931","display_name":"Assimakis Kattis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5042-9023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Assimakis A. Kattis","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022646636","display_name":"Konstantin Panarin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantin Panarin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Matter Labs, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matter Labs, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065309599","display_name":"Alexander Yu. Vlasov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6553-229X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Vlasov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Matter Labs, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matter Labs, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059293931"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4552,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84286792,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1725","last_page":"1737"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soundness","display_name":"Soundness","score":0.710695743560791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6409350633621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.6054272651672363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5114225745201111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.4960647523403168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4762956202030182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/univariate","display_name":"Univariate","score":0.4598008990287781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-of-concept","display_name":"Proof of concept","score":0.42371487617492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3593153953552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32765406370162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.22820237278938293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2089187502861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07888859510421753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693083","display_name":"Soundness","level":2,"score":0.710695743560791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6409350633621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.6054272651672363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5114225745201111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.4960647523403168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4762956202030182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199163554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1681619","display_name":"Univariate","level":3,"score":0.4598008990287781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124978682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201019","display_name":"Proof of concept","level":2,"score":0.42371487617492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3593153953552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32765406370162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.22820237278938293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2089187502861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07888859510421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161584116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3548606.3560657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3548606.3560657","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3548606.3560657","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608815","display_name":"Proceedings of the 2022 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2022 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3548606.3560657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3548606.3560657","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3548606.3560657","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608815","display_name":"Proceedings of the 2022 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2022 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308641910.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308641910.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4180724","https://openalex.org/W1559343931","https://openalex.org/W1909324101","https://openalex.org/W1970808997","https://openalex.org/W2013686672","https://openalex.org/W2032431003","https://openalex.org/W2067047774","https://openalex.org/W2071520502","https://openalex.org/W2169657197","https://openalex.org/W2496543269","https://openalex.org/W2536319456","https://openalex.org/W2538237125","https://openalex.org/W2794970575","https://openalex.org/W2805134734","https://openalex.org/W2883585522","https://openalex.org/W2883748642","https://openalex.org/W2884026699","https://openalex.org/W2919751322","https://openalex.org/W2968027060","https://openalex.org/W2969207949","https://openalex.org/W3015343560","https://openalex.org/W4210631930","https://openalex.org/W4210896998"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511249877","https://openalex.org/W2466303427","https://openalex.org/W1578828174","https://openalex.org/W2000943029","https://openalex.org/W2950376466","https://openalex.org/W1969483203","https://openalex.org/W4302559785","https://openalex.org/W4226437312","https://openalex.org/W2949331520","https://openalex.org/W2140496290"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,47,69],"introduce":[1],"an":[2,64],"efficient":[3],"transformation":[4,16,59],"from":[5],"univariate":[6],"polynomial":[7,32],"commitment":[8],"based":[9],"zk-SNARKs":[10,40],"to":[11],"their":[12],"transparent":[13],"counterparts.":[14],"The":[15],"is":[17,36],"achieved":[18],"with":[19,53,63,82,126],"the":[20,49,58,83,102],"help":[21],"of":[22,57,76,95,112,119],"a":[23,30,54,74,80,114,124],"new":[24],"IOP":[25],"primitive":[26,35,50],"which":[27],"we":[28],"call":[29],"list":[31],"commitment.":[33],"This":[34],"applicable":[37],"for":[38,73,123],"preprocessing":[39],"over":[41],"both":[42,92],"prime":[43],"and":[44,60,98,116],"binary":[45],"fields.":[46],"present":[48,71],"itself":[51],"along":[52],"soundness":[55],"analysis":[56],"instantiate":[61],"it":[62],"existing":[65],"universal":[66],"proof":[67,75,96,109,117],"system.":[68],"also":[70],"benchmarks":[72,107],"concept":[77],"implementation":[78],"alongside":[79],"comparison":[81],"current":[84],"non-transparent":[85],"state-of-the-art.":[86],"Our":[87],"results":[88],"show":[89],"competitive":[90],"efficiency":[91],"in":[93],"terms":[94],"size":[97],"generation":[99,110],"times.":[100],"At":[101],"80-bit":[103],"security":[104],"level,":[105],"our":[106],"provide":[108],"times":[111],"about":[113],"minute":[115],"sizes":[118],"around":[120],"515":[121],"KB":[122],"circuit":[125],"one":[127],"million":[128],"gates.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-11-13T00:00:00"}