{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297156839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3547522.3547684","title":"Design Principles for Actual Security","display_name":"Design Principles for Actual Security","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297156839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3547522.3547684"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3547522.3547684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3547522.3547684","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 2022 Nordic Human-Computer Interaction Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004586400","display_name":"Merel Brandon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6239-8673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Merel Brandon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radboud University, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radboud University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023907150","display_name":"Hanna Schraffenberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1847-2754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanna Kathrin Schraffenberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radboud University, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radboud University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015750883","display_name":"Wouter Sluis-Thiescheffer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3672-3070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103855431","display_name":"HAN University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0500gea42","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103855431"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wouter Sluis-Thiescheffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["HAN University of Applied Science, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HAN University of Applied Science, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103855431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086805290","display_name":"Thea van der Geest","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5796-0684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103855431","display_name":"HAN University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0500gea42","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103855431"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thea van der Geest","raw_affiliation_strings":["HAN University of Applied Sciences, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HAN University of Applied Sciences, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103855431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033125098","display_name":"Daniel Ostkamp","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Ostkamp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radboud University, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radboud University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102972733","display_name":"Bart Jacobs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0740-0336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","display_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","ror":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bart Jacobs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radboud University, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radboud University, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16692674,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.641413152217865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3597913086414337}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.641413152217865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3597913086414337}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3547522.3547684","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3547522.3547684","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 2022 Nordic Human-Computer Interaction Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.ubn.ru.nl:2066/282746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2066/282746","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401067","display_name":"Radboud Repository (Radboud University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145872427","host_organization_name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145872427"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article in monograph or in proceedings"},{"id":"pmh:ru:oai:repository.ubn.ru.nl:2066/282746","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2066/282746","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"NordiCHI '22: Nordic Human-Computer Interaction Conference Aarhus Denmark October 8 - 12, 2022, 1 - 6. New York : Association for Computing Machinery","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2368764693","display_name":"Encryption for all","funder_award_id":"CS.002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W104553443","https://openalex.org/W1753385428","https://openalex.org/W1761117863","https://openalex.org/W1967207368","https://openalex.org/W1987523869","https://openalex.org/W2013465741","https://openalex.org/W2027909523","https://openalex.org/W2037202491","https://openalex.org/W2086099868","https://openalex.org/W2097457752","https://openalex.org/W2136773629","https://openalex.org/W2146657063","https://openalex.org/W2339750270","https://openalex.org/W2613049552","https://openalex.org/W2722360008","https://openalex.org/W2726282394","https://openalex.org/W2937339343","https://openalex.org/W2982321410","https://openalex.org/W2986074609","https://openalex.org/W3023695158","https://openalex.org/W3030764550","https://openalex.org/W3208153782","https://openalex.org/W4200518711","https://openalex.org/W4297192561","https://openalex.org/W4383956206"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032","https://openalex.org/W2382290278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"importance":[1],"of":[2,39,48,60],"designing":[3],"for":[4,20,51,69],"actual":[5,21,46,70],"security,":[6],"i.e.,":[7],"security":[8,22,47,71],"in":[9],"practice,":[10],"is":[11],"underlined":[12],"by":[13],"previous":[14],"work.":[15],"However,":[16],"clear":[17],"design":[18,33,67],"principles":[19,34,68],"are":[23],"missing.":[24],"This":[25],"paper":[26],"reports":[27],"early":[28],"work":[29],"on":[30,36,56],"establishing":[31],"such":[32],"based":[35],"heuristic":[37],"evaluations":[38],"security-enhancing":[40,81],"applications.":[41,82],"Seven":[42],"experts":[43],"evaluated":[44],"the":[45,61],"four":[49],"applications":[50],"secure":[52,75,77],"email":[53],"communication.":[54],"Based":[55],"a":[57],"qualitative":[58],"analysis":[59],"experts\u2019":[62],"findings,":[63],"we":[64],"formulate":[65],"six":[66],"that":[72],"apply":[73],"to":[74],"email,":[76],"communication,":[78],"and":[79],"other":[80]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
