{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4366586238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3581265","title":"Remote Breathing Rate Tracking in Stationary Position Using the Motion and Acoustic Sensors of Earables","display_name":"Remote Breathing Rate Tracking in Stationary Position Using the Motion and Acoustic Sensors of Earables","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4366586238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3581265"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3544548.3581265","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3581265","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082927308","display_name":"Tousif Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-6294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133173","display_name":"Research!America (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/044pgyv50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tousif Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, Inc., United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-6294","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, Inc., United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778","https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103222656","display_name":"Md. Mahbubur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3236-1666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133173","display_name":"Research!America (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/044pgyv50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Mahbubur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3236-1666","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778","https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045088073","display_name":"Ebrahim Nemati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6406-1086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133173","display_name":"Research!America (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/044pgyv50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ebrahim Nemati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6406-1086","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778","https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085962998","display_name":"Mohsin Y Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3361-838X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133173","display_name":"Research!America (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/044pgyv50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsin Yusuf Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3361-838X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778","https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002167339","display_name":"Jilong Kuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2942-9102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133173","display_name":"Research!America (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/044pgyv50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jilong Kuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2942-9102","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778","https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036964136","display_name":"Alex Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3393-5043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133173","display_name":"Research!America (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/044pgyv50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Jun Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3393-5043","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Health Lab, Samsung Research America, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778","https://openalex.org/I4210133173"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082927308"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778","https://openalex.org/I4210133173"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4337,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93098174,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10234","display_name":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10322","display_name":"Respiratory Support and Mechanisms","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7636908292770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breathing","display_name":"Breathing","score":0.7408769130706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5585306286811829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5545514822006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5513290762901306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5262138843536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5177885293960571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5085080862045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4881947636604309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-rate","display_name":"Respiratory rate","score":0.4761350452899933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambient-noise-level","display_name":"Ambient noise level","score":0.4330584704875946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/track","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","score":0.41728657484054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.36416101455688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3558787703514099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33489230275154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3345898687839508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sound","display_name":"Sound (geography)","score":0.22739765048027039}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7636908292770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39300077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9530","display_name":"Breathing","level":2,"score":0.7408769130706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5585306286811829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5545514822006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5513290762901306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5262138843536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5177885293960571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5085080862045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4881947636604309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8213797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754250","display_name":"Respiratory rate","level":4,"score":0.4761350452899933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205312793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16002801","display_name":"Ambient noise level","level":3,"score":0.4330584704875946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.41728657484054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.36416101455688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3558787703514099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33489230275154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3345898687839508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203718221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q491713","display_name":"Sound (geography)","level":2,"score":0.22739765048027039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3544548.3581265","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3581265","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532516087","https://openalex.org/W1599059629","https://openalex.org/W1981891101","https://openalex.org/W1982158632","https://openalex.org/W1988071329","https://openalex.org/W2009946799","https://openalex.org/W2044892219","https://openalex.org/W2065726711","https://openalex.org/W2085904945","https://openalex.org/W2099269097","https://openalex.org/W2112812932","https://openalex.org/W2115305525","https://openalex.org/W2139070213","https://openalex.org/W2292983826","https://openalex.org/W2306708018","https://openalex.org/W2326035627","https://openalex.org/W2443322392","https://openalex.org/W2519620145","https://openalex.org/W2546006597","https://openalex.org/W2568864071","https://openalex.org/W2626505991","https://openalex.org/W2708836175","https://openalex.org/W2724757864","https://openalex.org/W2754237511","https://openalex.org/W2756058504","https://openalex.org/W2757349186","https://openalex.org/W2774419417","https://openalex.org/W2803522266","https://openalex.org/W2891894552","https://openalex.org/W2939797706","https://openalex.org/W2955745546","https://openalex.org/W2972759272","https://openalex.org/W3006982486","https://openalex.org/W3009004195","https://openalex.org/W3009125834","https://openalex.org/W3028679430","https://openalex.org/W3029144613","https://openalex.org/W3029885810","https://openalex.org/W3031029492","https://openalex.org/W3045883910","https://openalex.org/W3094097409","https://openalex.org/W3106327490","https://openalex.org/W3128828472","https://openalex.org/W3129328687","https://openalex.org/W3163049392","https://openalex.org/W3183515536","https://openalex.org/W3183966417","https://openalex.org/W3195208586","https://openalex.org/W3196195804","https://openalex.org/W3199150850","https://openalex.org/W3199585085","https://openalex.org/W3201441384","https://openalex.org/W3207180004","https://openalex.org/W3209762321","https://openalex.org/W3212191366","https://openalex.org/W4200081198","https://openalex.org/W4200275663","https://openalex.org/W4252386223","https://openalex.org/W4280594094","https://openalex.org/W4283017238","https://openalex.org/W4294891775","https://openalex.org/W4295508194","https://openalex.org/W4296492826","https://openalex.org/W4308086424","https://openalex.org/W4308086475","https://openalex.org/W4308216316","https://openalex.org/W7131907535"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2789518417","https://openalex.org/W4213217485","https://openalex.org/W2566545183","https://openalex.org/W2499449816","https://openalex.org/W2059085722","https://openalex.org/W2921132911","https://openalex.org/W2288793952","https://openalex.org/W2098383409","https://openalex.org/W2042041186","https://openalex.org/W3196195804"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Breathing":[0],"rate":[1,31,85,125,153],"is":[2,10],"critical":[3],"for":[4,150],"the":[5,15,29,35,43,58,61,82,102,106,119],"user\u2019s":[6,36,83],"respiratory":[7],"health":[8],"and":[9,39,47,93,108],"hard":[11],"to":[12,27,80],"track":[13,28],"outside":[14],"clinical":[16],"context,":[17],"requiring":[18],"specialized":[19],"devices.":[20],"Earables":[21],"could":[22],"provide":[23],"a":[24,77,87,94],"convenient":[25],"solution":[26],"breathing":[30,84,124,137,152],"anywhere":[32],"by":[33],"leveraging":[34],"breathing-related":[37],"motion":[38,45,91],"sound":[40],"captured":[41],"through":[42],"earables\u2019":[44],"sensors":[46,92,100],"microphones.":[48],"However,":[49],"small":[50],"non-breathing":[51],"head":[52],"movements":[53],"or":[54],"background":[55],"noises":[56],"during":[57],"assessment":[59],"affect":[60],"estimation":[62],"accuracy.":[63],"While":[64],"noise":[65],"filtering":[66],"improves":[67],"accuracy,":[68],"it":[69],"can":[70,121],"discard":[71],"valid":[72],"measurements.":[73],"This":[74,144],"paper":[75],"presents":[76],"multimodal":[78],"approach":[79],"tracking":[81],"using":[86],"signal-processing-based":[88],"algorithm":[89,97],"on":[90,98],"lightweight":[95],"machine-learning":[96],"acoustic":[99],"from":[101],"earables":[103],"that":[104,118],"balances":[105],"accuracy":[107],"data":[109],"retention.":[110],"A":[111],"user":[112],"study":[113],"with":[114],"30":[115],"participants":[116],"shows":[117],"system":[120],"accurately":[122],"calculate":[123],"(Mean":[126],"Absolute":[127],"Error":[128],"<":[129],"2":[130],"breaths":[131],"per":[132],"minute)":[133],"while":[134],"retaining":[135],"most":[136],"sessions":[138],"(75%)":[139],"performed":[140],"in":[141],"real-world":[142],"settings.":[143],"work":[145],"provides":[146],"an":[147],"essential":[148],"direction":[149],"remote":[151],"monitoring.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-04-24T08:23:43.765630","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}