{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367047419","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3543507.3583522","title":"Understanding the Behaviors of Toxic Accounts on Reddit","display_name":"Understanding the Behaviors of Toxic Accounts on Reddit","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367047419","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3543507.3583522"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3543507.3583522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3543507.3583522","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3543507.3583522","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2023","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3543507.3583522","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075915146","display_name":"Deepak Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-5031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Deepak Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045528962","display_name":"Jeffrey T. Hancock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-2677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeff Hancock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024050018","display_name":"Kurt Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3762-5851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kurt Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069939742","display_name":"Zakir Durumeric","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9647-4192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zakir Durumeric","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075915146"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7884,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94530854,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2797","last_page":"2807"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harassment","display_name":"Harassment","score":0.8950618505477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operationalization","display_name":"Operationalization","score":0.6947526335716248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5575048923492432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4602673351764679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.44763147830963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-intervention","display_name":"Psychological intervention","score":0.43795472383499146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.4258822202682495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminology","display_name":"Criminology","score":0.374569296836853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3714282512664795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.35453563928604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.25290337204933167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.13177040219306946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.06693527102470398}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778976716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3240539","display_name":"Harassment","level":2,"score":0.8950618505477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.6947526335716248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5575048923492432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4602673351764679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44763147830963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.43795472383499146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.4258822202682495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.374569296836853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3714282512664795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.35453563928604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.25290337204933167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.13177040219306946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.06693527102470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3543507.3583522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3543507.3583522","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3543507.3583522","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2023","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3543507.3583522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3543507.3583522","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3543507.3583522","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2023","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3799197579","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#2030859","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5565683708","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2030859","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308633","funder_display_name":"Computing Research Association"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7698193007","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2030859","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308633","display_name":"Computing Research Association","ror":"https://ror.org/00agrkd75"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4367047419.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4367047419.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W618024573","https://openalex.org/W2121252355","https://openalex.org/W2165701072","https://openalex.org/W2587856214","https://openalex.org/W2588107045","https://openalex.org/W2588334501","https://openalex.org/W2604283646","https://openalex.org/W2774215862","https://openalex.org/W2794585602","https://openalex.org/W2802043748","https://openalex.org/W2899027170","https://openalex.org/W2914676493","https://openalex.org/W2954405932","https://openalex.org/W2964294337","https://openalex.org/W3002330681","https://openalex.org/W3007880164","https://openalex.org/W3030392376","https://openalex.org/W3033639609","https://openalex.org/W3037121621","https://openalex.org/W3094231174","https://openalex.org/W3094450620","https://openalex.org/W3104239954","https://openalex.org/W3125759795","https://openalex.org/W3163078977","https://openalex.org/W3205710175","https://openalex.org/W3209154275","https://openalex.org/W4288079452","https://openalex.org/W4289326033","https://openalex.org/W4312990315","https://openalex.org/W4313035869","https://openalex.org/W6770637198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2944277854","https://openalex.org/W2258359646","https://openalex.org/W2493324121","https://openalex.org/W4234402960","https://openalex.org/W4210958110","https://openalex.org/W2483613126","https://openalex.org/W4210994448","https://openalex.org/W4386824558","https://openalex.org/W4394927648"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Toxic":[0],"comments":[1,21,50,71,87],"are":[2,55],"the":[3,17,24,33,42,45,101,109,117,129],"top":[4],"form":[5],"of":[6,19,35,44,65,94,123],"hate":[7],"and":[8,32,96,116],"harassment":[9],"experienced":[10],"online.":[11,138],"While":[12],"many":[13],"studies":[14],"have":[15,106],"investigated":[16],"types":[18],"toxic":[20,49,70,86,136],"posted":[22,82],"online,":[23],"effects":[25],"that":[26,47,68,88,103,112,120],"such":[27,53],"content":[28],"has":[29,40],"on":[30,72,107],"people,":[31],"impact":[34,102],"potential":[36],"defenses,":[37],"no":[38],"study":[39,64],"captured":[41],"behaviors":[43,137],"accounts":[46,67,81,105,114],"post":[48,69],"or":[51],"how":[52],"attacks":[54],"operationalized.":[56],"In":[57],"this":[58],"paper,":[59],"we":[60],"present":[61],"a":[62],"measurement":[63],"929K":[66],"Reddit":[73],"over":[74,83],"an":[75],"18":[76],"month":[77],"period.":[78],"Combined,":[79],"these":[80,104],"14":[84],"million":[85],"encompass":[89],"insults,":[90],"identity":[91],"attacks,":[92],"threats":[93],"violence,":[95],"sexual":[97],"harassment.":[98],"We":[99],"explore":[100],"Reddit,":[108],"targeting":[110],"strategies":[111],"abusive":[113,124],"adopt,":[115],"distinct":[118],"patterns":[119],"distinguish":[121],"classes":[122],"accounts.":[125],"Our":[126],"analysis":[127],"informs":[128],"nuanced":[130],"interventions":[131],"needed":[132],"to":[133],"curb":[134],"unwanted":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
